Review
Oncology
Andrew H. Lipsky, Nicole Lamanna
Summary: Targeted therapies have revolutionized the frontline treatment for CLL, reducing reliance on chemoimmunotherapy. Drugs such as ibrutinib, acalabrutinib, and venetoclax have shown efficacy in oral therapy. This review explores novel therapeutic strategies using these agents in combination, highlighting the importance of patient characteristics and study methodology.
Review
Immunology
Na Liu, Mengfang Liu, Shengqiao Fu, Jinglei Wang, Haowen Tang, Adamu Danbala Isah, Deyu Chen, Xu Wang
Summary: This article introduces the role of Ang2 in different cancers and pathological conditions, as well as the inhibitory effect of blocking Ang2 on cancer cell growth and metastasis. The mechanisms regulating Ang2 expression, the importance of Ang2 in cancer growth, metastasis, and prognosis, and the research and challenges of combining Ang2 inhibition with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy to enhance treatment efficacy are also discussed.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Hematology
Yuan-hong Huang, Chao-Ling Wan, Hai-ping Dai, Sheng-li Xue
Summary: T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL/LBL) is an aggressive malignancy of progenitor T cells. Despite improvements in survival, relapsed and refractory T-ALL remains a significant challenge. Next-generation sequencing has identified new therapeutic targets and immunotherapies, such as NOTCH1 inhibitors and CAR T cell therapy, for T-ALL/LBL. This review discusses the progress and future directions of these targeted therapies and immunotherapies.
ANNALS OF HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sonali P. Barwe, Anne Kisielewski, Ezio Bonvini, John Muth, Jan Davidson-Moncada, Edward Anders Kolb, Anilkumar Gopalakrishnapillai
Summary: CD123 x CD3 dual-affinity retargeting antibody MGD006 shows efficacy in killing pediatric AML cells, and combination treatment with cytarabine does not interfere with MGD006 activity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yu Cheng, Yuanhui Ji, Defang Ouyang
Summary: Targeted therapy from cells to mitochondria and combination therapy are hopeful strategies to overcome drug resistance. The self-assembled nanodrugs can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, promote reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane potential loss, block cells in S phase, and inhibit cancer cell movement and migration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Karin L. Lee, Jeffrey Schlom, Duane H. Hamilton
Summary: Combining neoepitope vaccines with other cancer therapies may improve their clinical efficacies.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marina Simon, Jesper Tranekjaer Jorgensen, Harshvardhan A. Khare, Camilla Christensen, Carsten Haagen Nielsen, Andreas Kjaer
Summary: Investigating the combination of [Lu-177]Lu-DOTA-TATE PRRT and nanoshell (NS)-based PTT for treating SSTR-expressing small-cell lung tumors in mice, the study showed improved survival with the combination treatment compared to PRRT alone, highlighting the importance of treatment timing. The combination treatment was well-tolerated in the mice, suggesting the potential of NS-based PTT as an add-on to PRRT for further investigation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ranganatha R. Somasagara, Xiaoyan Huang, Chunyu Xu, Jamil Haider, Jonathan S. Serody, Paul M. Armistead, TinChung Leung
Summary: Personalized medicine offers potential for optimization of treatment regimens and drug efficacy. The use of patient-derived xenografts (pdx) in immunodeficient animal models, such as SCID mice and zebrafish, allows for the analysis of drug effects on individual tumors. This study demonstrated the in vivo efficacy of several drug compounds and the potential for large-scale drug screening against specific malignancies using zebrafish models.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shujing Yue, Jingnan An, Yifan Zhang, Jiaying Li, Cenzhu Zhao, Jingyi Liu, Lanlan Liang, Huanli Sun, Yang Xu, Zhiyuan Zhong
Summary: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has high mortality rate and limited treatment options. The lack of specific surface antigens makes targeted therapeutics and cell therapy difficult. The study shows that exogenous all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) can upregulate CD38 expression on leukemia cells, enabling targeted nanochemotherapy. Treatment with ATRA and DPV effectively eliminates leukemia cells and invasion, leading to exceptional survival benefits. The combination of exogenous CD38 upregulation and antibody-directed nanotherapeutics provides a powerful targeted therapy for leukemia.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jia Wei, Min Xiao, Zekai Mao, Na Wang, Yang Cao, Yi Xiao, Fankai Meng, Weimin Sun, Ying Wang, Xingcheng Yang, Liting Chen, Yicheng Zhang, Haichuan Zhu, Shangkun Zhang, Tongcun Zhang, Jianfeng Zhou, Liang Huang
Summary: Alterations in the TP53 gene are associated with poor prognosis in refractory/relapse aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (r/r B-NHL). CAR19/22 T-cell therapy shows promising results in patients with TP53 alterations, and combining it with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) further improves outcomes.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Chung-Jiah J. Chen, Michael Y. Choi, Benjamin M. Heyman
Summary: Targeted therapies have shown promise in the treatment of follicular lymphoma (FL) by inhibiting key molecular pathways responsible for cancer proliferation and survival. These therapies, including immune modulators, anti-CD20 antibodies, BTK inhibitors, EZH2 inhibitors, PI3K inhibitors, and BCL-2 inhibitors, have high overall response rates and substantial progression-free survival and overall survival. CAR-T therapy and BiTE therapies also show promise in monotherapy and in combination with targeted therapies. Adverse events are generally manageable and compare favorably to the cumulative toxicities of chemotherapy.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
James Griffin, Yan Wu, Qingxin Mu, Xinyan Li, Rodney J. Y. Ho
Summary: Leukemia remains incurable due to difficulties in maintaining therapeutic drug concentrations. However, a new drug combination nanoparticle (DcNP) called VZ-DcNP shows promise in synchronizing and extending the effect of two leukemic drugs, venetoclax and zanubrutinib. VZ-DcNP enhances uptake and plasma exposure of both drugs, and prolongs their half-lives in mice. These findings suggest that VZ-DcNP could be developed as a long-acting drug combination for leukemia treatment.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Natasa Tosic, Irena Marjanovic, Jelena Lazic
Summary: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematological malignancy that accounts for 20% of pediatric leukemia cases. While overall survival rates have improved, AML remains a leading cause of mortality in pediatric cancers. Targeted therapy approaches and advances in genomic techniques have identified novel therapeutic targets and provided potential for significant clinical benefits in pediatric AML.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Elodie Peraudeau, Brigitte Renoux, Sheik Emambux, Pauline Poinot, Remi Chatre, Fabien Thoreau, Benjamin Riss Yaw, David Tougeron, Jonathan Clarhaut, Sebastien Papot
Summary: Combining bevacizumab (Bev) with a beta-glucuronidase-responsive albumin-binding prodrug of monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) has shown to be an effective therapeutic strategy for colorectal cancer in mice.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Yuxin Zhuang, Jinxin Che, Meijuan Wu, Yu Guo, Yongjin Xu, Xiaowu Dong, Haiyan Yang
Summary: This article summarizes the genetic alterations in double hit lymphoma (DHL) and elucidates their implications on cellular processes, including apoptosis, epigenetic regulations, B-cell receptor signaling, and immune escape. The ongoing and potential therapeutic strategies and targeted drugs based on these alterations are reviewed. Understanding DHL studies will provide insight into the disease and facilitate the discovery of more effective treatment strategies.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Nabila E. Abdelmeguid, Mahmoud I. Khalil, Nada S. Badr, Afrah F. Alkhuriji, Mohamed S. A. El-Gerbed, Ahmed S. Sultan
Summary: The study demonstrates that Bovine Colostrum has a protective effect against DMBA-induced liver toxicity, improving survival rate and body weight in rats. Ultrastructural examinations reveal that Bovine Colostrum can prevent or ameliorate the toxic effects of DMBA on hepatocytes. At the molecular level, Bovine Colostrum modulates gene expressions in multiple signaling pathways to exert its hepatoprotective role.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hany Elsawy, Abdullah M. Alzahrani, Manal Alfwuaires, Azza Sedky, Eman E. El-Trass, Omar Mahmoud, Ashraf M. Abdel-Moneim, Mahmoud Khalil
Summary: The study demonstrated that silymarin has a protective effect against acrylamide-induced cerebellar neurotoxicity in rats, alleviating oxidative stress and apoptosis. This provides new evidence for the potential applications of silymarin in preventing neurologic damage.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL NEUROANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hany Elsawy, Abdullah M. Alzahrani, Manal Alfwuaires, Ashraf M. Abdel-Moneim, Mahmoud Khalil
Summary: Naringin showed a significant nephroprotective effect in methotrexate-induced renal toxicity, reducing levels of urea, creatinine, MDA, NO, TNFa, IL-6, and caspase-3 activity while increasing antioxidant enzymes and GSH levels. Naringin also ameliorated ultrastructural changes in the kidneys of methotrexate-treated rats, with the highest effect seen at a dose of 80 mg/kg. Further investigation is needed to understand the molecular mechanism underlying naringin's nephroprotective capacity.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nabila E. Abdelmeguid, Mahmoud I. M. Khalil, Rasha Elhabet, Ahmed S. Sultan, Sherine Abdel Salam
Summary: The combination of DHA and EGb761 showed significant improvement in cognitive memory and spatial learning abilities in AD-induced mice, preserving hippocampal structure and upregulating PP2A expression. Additionally, TNF-alpha expression was significantly reduced in the same group, indicating a potential therapeutic effect against neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL NEUROANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lina Fayoumi, Mahmoud Khalil, Doaa Ghareeb, Mohammad H. El-Dakdouki
Summary: This study identified the phytochemical constituents of Lebanese rose geranium and assessed its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE), cytotoxic, and anti-haemolytic properties. The ethanolic leaves extract showed the highest content of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and condensed tannins, as well as superior antioxidant potential. The chloroform extracts exhibited good anti-inflammatory activity, while the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed the highest anti-AChE activity. The most potent cytotoxic activity against HCT 116 colon cancer cells was observed in the chloroform leaves extract.
Article
Neurosciences
Mohammad H. Merii, Manal M. Fardoun, Khalil El Asmar, Mahmoud I. Khalil, Ali H. Eid, Hassan R. Dhaini
Summary: This study investigated the effects of maternal exposure to BPA on the expression of CYP450s in fetal brain. The results showed that BPA significantly decreased the expression of CYP1B1 at GD14 and CYP19A1 at mid- and late-stage development. Nicotine also decreased the expression levels of all examined protein targets, and this suppressive effect was attenuated when combined with BPA.
NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hany Elsawy, Abdullah M. Alzahrani, Manal Alfwuaires, Ashraf M. Abdel-Moneim, Mahmoud Khalil
Summary: Naringin (NG) has been found to protect against testicular tissue damage caused by methotrexate (MTX), making it a potential candidate therapy for the reproductive toxic impacts of MTX.
Article
Plant Sciences
Lina Fayoumi, Mahmoud Khalil, Doaa Ghareeb, Ali Chokr, Mohamed Bouaziz, Mohammad H. H. El-Dakdouki
Summary: This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of the chemical composition and biological activities of rose geranium oil extracted from plants cultivated in Lebanon. The essential oil exhibited potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, cytotoxic, and anti-Alzheimer's properties, suggesting promising medicinal and industrial applications.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Zaynab Fatfat, Maamoun Fatfat, Hala Gali-Muhtasib
Summary: Colorectal cancer is still one of the most fatal malignancies worldwide despite significant progress in cancer therapy. The long-term effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs has been hindered by various limitations. In recent years, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, particularly polymeric micelles, have emerged as a promising approach to overcome these limitations. Polymeric micelles have shown great potential in improving the pharmacokinetic properties and safety profile of chemotherapeutic drugs, as well as achieving synergistic therapeutic outcomes through combination therapy.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Russul M. M. Adnan, Malak Mezher, Alaa M. M. Abdallah, Ramadan Awad, Mahmoud I. I. Khalil
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Mg doping on the characteristics and antibacterial properties of CuO nanoparticles (NPs). Mg-doped CuO NPs were fabricated by co-precipitation, and characterization techniques including XRD, TEM, EDX, FTIR, and PL were used. The results showed that Mg doping affected the morphology and agglomeration of the NPs, and induced shifts in the Cu-O bond. The undoped and Mg-doped CuO NPs exhibited significant antibacterial capacities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, highlighting their potential as antibacterial agents.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Maryam Al Bitar, Mahmoud Khalil, R. Awad
Summary: In this study, pure and co-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized and their properties were investigated. The impact of lanthanum and cerium dopant ions on the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was studied.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariam Salameh, Sukaina Zeitoun-Ghandour, Lina Sabra, Lina Ismail, Ahmad Daher, Ali Bazzi, Mahmoud Khalil, Wissam H. Joumaa
Summary: The study found that continuous exposure to 900 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) led to an increase in liver oxidative stress levels in Sprague-Dawley rats, affecting various hepatic parameters.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hiyam El Kojok, Mahmoud Khalil, Rima Hage, Rola Jammoul, Adla Jammoul, Nada El Darra
Summary: This study assessed the microbiological quality, antibiotic and pesticide residues, and drug resistance of pathogens in traditional Lebanese cheeses. The results showed that a percentage of the cheese samples were non-conforming microbiologically and contained antibiotic residues. The presence of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic residues in the cheese samples pose a potential risk to public health.
Review
Neurosciences
MayaN Abou N. Chahla, Mahmoud I. Khalil, Stefano Comai, Lena Brundin, Sophie Erhardt, Gilles J. Guillemin
Summary: Suicide is a global health burden, ranking as the 17th leading cause of death worldwide (1.3%), and the 4th among young people aged 15 to 29. Suicidal behavior is a complex and multifactorial mental health problem, resulting from alterations and dysfunctions in biological pathways and brain mechanisms that are poorly understood and require further investigation. Extensive research has been conducted at various levels to uncover the triggers and develop therapeutic or preventive approaches for suicidal behavior.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alaa A. Alnafjan, Afrah F. Alkhuriji, Hussah M. Alobaid, Zainb A. Babay, Mahmoud Khalil
Summary: The study investigated the association of FTO rs9939609 and rs1421085 with PCOS in Saudi women. Results showed that the FTO rs9939609 gene variant is significantly associated with PCOS susceptibility, while the rs1421085 variant did not show significant differences between PCOS patients and controls.
EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuwen Zhu, Yan Guo, Yujia Xue, Anqi Zhou, Ying Chen, Yifei Chen, Xiulian Miao, Fangqiao Lv
Summary: BRG1 plays an important role in HSC-myofibroblast transition and targeting it could be a reasonable strategy for liver fibrosis intervention.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Liu Ye, Beibei Liu, Jingling Huang, Xiaolin Zhao, Yuan Wang, Yungen Xu, Shuping Wang
Summary: Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) is a significant prooncogenic factor that is strongly associated with the malignant progression and clinical prognosis of various cancers. DCLK1 plays important roles in stem cell marker regulation, tumor cell reprogramming, and immune evasion. However, the exact biological functions of DCLK1, especially the disparities between its alpha- and beta-form transcripts in cancer progression, remain ambiguous.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jiahui Yang, Xiaoyu Chen, Tianjing Liu, Yongyan Shi
Summary: This article reviews the role of bile acids in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and their potential therapeutic value. The dysregulation of bile acids is associated with intestinal injury, and inflammatory factors in the liver also play a crucial role in regulating bile acid transport. The bile acid metabolic pathway is important for regulating intestinal microbiota, cell proliferation, and barrier protection.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhenzheng Zhu, Yuemiao Xu, Yuwei Xia, Xinru Jia, Yixin Chen, Yuyue Liu, Leyin Zhang, Hui Chai, Leitao Sun
Summary: Bile acid, as the final product of cholesterol breakdown, plays a complex regulatory and signaling role in human metabolism. Research suggests that it has the potential to enhance metabolism and regulate chronic metabolic diseases through various pathways. The interaction between bile acid and gut microbiota is also of great significance.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xin He, Hong-Xu Zhou, Xian Fu, Kai-Di Ni, Ai-Zhi Lin, Ling-Tong Zhang, Hou-Hua Yin, Qing Jiang, Xue Zhou, Yi-Wen Meng, Jun-Yan Liu
Summary: DON exposure causes an increase in deoxycholic acid (DCA), which contributes to intestinal injury. DCA may be a potential therapeutic target for DON enterotoxicity.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhitao Wang, Heng Ma, Abdul Nasir, Sufang Liu, Zhisong Li, Feng Tao, Qian Bai
Summary: This study reveals the involvement of TET1-mediated epigenetic regulation in chronic TMJ pain through trigeminal TNF alpha signaling.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lu Yu, Hao Ran, Yaru Lu, Qian Ma, Huan Huang, Weibin Liu
Summary: This study found that the HIF-1 alpha inhibitor BAY 87-2243 can alleviate the symptoms of the Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis (EAMG) inflammation model. BAY 87-2243 can restore the balance of CD4(+)T cell subsets, reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and act as both an immune imbalance regulator and anti-inflammatory.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alex Peralvarez-Marin, Montse Sole, Judith Serrano, Alice Taddeucci, Belen Perez, Clara Penas, Gemma Manich, Marcel Jimenez, Pilar D'Ocon, Francesc Jimenez-Altayo
Summary: This study provides the first evidence that TRPV2 channels may modulate vascular tone by balancing opposing inputs from the endothelium and smooth muscle, leading to net vasodilation. The amplification of TRPV2 channel-induced activity by NO emphasizes the pathophysiological relevance of these findings.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Amin Ullah, Jing Zhao, Jiakun Li, Rajeev K. Singla, Bairong Shen
Summary: Gastric cancer is the fifth-most prevalent and second-most deadly cancer worldwide. Late onset of symptoms makes early detection important. CXC chemokines play an important role in the pathological process of gastric cancer, but their exact role in diagnosis and prognosis is not fully understood. Inhibiting CXC chemokines shows promise as a targeted therapy.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Menna S. Zeyada, Salma M. Eraky, Mamdouh M. El-Shishtawy
Summary: The current study demonstrates the prophylactic and antifibrotic effects of Trig against BLM-induced PF by targeting multiple signaling pathways. The combination of Trig and Pirf may be a promising approach to enhance Pirf's anti-fibrotic effect.
