Letter
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aarushi Varshney, Leonie Dupuis, Monika Aggarwal, Shivam Joshi
Summary: This Letter to the Editor responds to St-Jules and Fouque's interpretation of postprandial hyperkalemia, specifically regarding plant-based diets. Reviewed literature review shows that the potassium kinetic studies cited by the authors include only one study with a food-based intervention that actually demonstrated reduced postprandial hyperkalemia with plant-based diets. The remaining studies used potassium salts or supplements, which behave differently compared to whole plant foods. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid restricting whole plant foods in patients with chronic kidney disease solely based on the theoretical risk of postprandial hyperkalemia.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ban-Hock Khor, Dina A. Tallman, Tilakavati Karupaiah, Pramod Khosla, Maria Chan, Joel D. Kopple
Summary: This study evaluated the nutrient composition of plant-based low protein diets and moderately high protein diets for chronic kidney disease patients in the Asia Pacific region. The study found that plant-based diets were deficient in essential amino acids at lower protein prescriptions, but met the Recommended Dietary Allowances at higher protein intakes. Plant-based and vegetarian diets contained higher potassium, phosphorus, and calcium content but lower long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin B-12 compared to conventional diets. Planning of all low protein diets, especially plant-based and vegetarian diets, should ensure the adequacy of all nutrients, particularly essential amino acids, and consider supplementing with multivitamins and trace elements.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Scott E. Liebman, Shivam Joshi
Summary: Whole food plant-based diets are becoming more popular for preventing and treating chronic health conditions. However, the role and safety of this dietary pattern in end-stage kidney disease patients on peritoneal dialysis still need further research and understanding.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hyunju Kim, Bing Yu, Xin Li, Kari E. Wong, Eric Boerwinkle, Sara B. Seidelmann, Andrew S. Levey, Eugene P. Rhee, Josef Coresh, Casey M. Rebholz
Summary: Through untargeted metabolomics, this study identified metabolites associated with plant-based diets and predicted the occurrence of chronic kidney disease. These metabolites highlight the pathways through which plant-based diets are related to chronic kidney disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Raphaelle Varraso, Orianne Dumas, Fred K. Tabung, Krislyn M. Boggs, Teresa T. Fung, Frank Hu, Edward Giovannucci, Frank E. Speizer, Walter C. Willett, Carlos A. Camargo
Summary: This study aimed to determine if adherence to a healthful plant-based diet is associated with a lower risk of COPD, while adherence to an unhealthful plant-based diet is associated with a higher risk of COPD. Findings showed that participants with the highest hPDI score had a 46% lower risk of COPD, while those with the highest uPDI score had a 39% higher risk of COPD.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Laurel Cherian, Yamin Wang, Thomas Holland, Puja Agarwal, Neelum Aggarwal, Martha Clare Morris
Summary: The study found that older adults with higher DASH and MIND diet scores had lower rates of depressive symptoms over time, while the Western diet score was positively associated with depressive symptoms. Diet may be effective in reducing depressive symptoms in older adults.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carmen-Antonia Mocanu, Tudor Petrisor Simionescu, Andreea Elena Mocanu, Liliana Garneata
Summary: Recent data reaffirm the importance of low-protein diets in the conservative management of chronic kidney disease, showing benefits such as reduced proteinuria, improved blood pressure control, and slowed decline in kidney function. Plant-based diets may be superior in treating advanced CKD by improving nitrogen balance, acid-base metabolism, and bone mineral disorders. In addition, vegetarian diets have the potential to improve lipid metabolism and reduce uremic toxins, salt intake, and acid overload.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mugurel Apetrii, Daniel Timofte, Luminita Voroneanu, Adrian Covic
Summary: Chronic kidney disease is a global public health burden that requires comprehensive management to prevent and delay disease progression. Although nutritional therapy has been recommended for over a century as a strategy to slow disease progression, the adherence and compliance of patients need to be taken into consideration when prescribing such therapy. Individualized prescriptions are necessary as some patients may prioritize enjoying their food without restriction over the potential benefits of dietary therapy.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Melanie V. Betz, Kelly B. Nemec, Anna L. Zisman
Summary: Plant-based diets can delay the progression of chronic kidney disease and help manage complications and comorbid conditions. A survey of 844 respondents found that most were aware of the benefits of plant-based diets for CKD and many were following a vegetarian or plant-based eating pattern.
JOURNAL OF RENAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Hematology
Leonie Dupuis, Amanda Brown-Tortorici, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Shivam Joshi
Summary: This article reviews the current literature on the use of plant-based diets in the treatment of patients on dialysis, showing promising preliminary findings despite limited evidence.
BLOOD PURIFICATION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jordan Stanford, Mikaela Zuck, Anita Stefoska-Needham, Karen Charlton, Kelly Lambert
Summary: This study explores the perspective of renal dietitians on plant-based diets for chronic kidney disease management. The findings show that dietitians believe that plant-based diets can address various clinical concerns related to the disease. However, challenges in implementation include limited staffing, time constraints, and differing nutrition philosophies. Educating patients about the benefits of plant foods and providing ongoing support are considered important for increasing patient acceptance.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jessica Ustick, Kaitlin Chakos, Hejingzi Jia, Rosie Hanneke, Brittany DiPiazza, Mary Dawn Koenig, Jun Ma, Bernice Man, Lisa Tussing-Humphreys, Tristesse Catessa Jasmin Burton
Summary: This systematic review aims to evaluate the relationships between plant-based dietary patterns, plant foods, and botanical dietary supplements with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and maternal glycaemic biomarkers. The review will include human observational studies and clinical trials published in English, and the results will be synthesized and disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Han Shi Jocelyn Chew, Felicia Kai Xin Heng, Si Ai Tien, Jie Yun Thian, Hui Shan Chou, Shaun Seh Ern Loong, Wei How Darryl Ang, Nicholas W. S. Chew, Ka-Hei Kenneth Lo
Summary: We conducted an umbrella review that consolidated evidence on the effects of plant-based diets on anthropometric and cardiometabolic outcomes. Seven systematic reviews with meta-analysis representing 51 primary studies were included. The findings suggested significant benefits of plant-based diets on weight, body mass index, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, caution should be exercised in interpreting the results due to the low credibility of evidence and the limited generalizability of findings based on Western eating habits and traditions.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Diana Zarantonello, Giuliano Brunori
Summary: Plant-based diets and low-protein, plant-based diets have positive effects in preventing and managing chronic kidney disease. Current studies indicate that these diets can protect kidney function and offer adjunctive advantages in terms of delaying dialysis and mitigating metabolic disturbances.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Nutrition & Dietetics
David E. St-Jules, Denis Fouque
Summary: Diet therapy for hyperkalemia in people with chronic kidney disease has changed due to weak or no correlation between reported potassium intake and plasma potassium levels. The risk of postprandial hyperkalemia from high-potassium plant foods remains a debated topic. Although additional research is needed, some argue that the available research supports that high-potassium plant foods are not a risk for postprandial hyperkalemia. This editorial critiques the analyses offered and advocates for a cautious approach to care.
