Comprehensive Study of the Impact of Mg2+ Doping on Optical, Structural, and Magnetic Properties of Copper Nanoferrites

Cu1-xMgxFe2O4 (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0) nanoferrites were synthesized by co-precipitation technique. The substitution of Mg2+ in Cu1-xMgxFe2O4 leads to the decrease of crystallite size from 17.4 to 10.2 nm. In addition, the lattice constant reduced from 8.465 angstrom to 8.334 angstrom with increasing the Mg2+ concentration. The particle size obtained from TEM micrographs is consistent with the size of the crystallite determined from XRD results. The band gap energy will increase from 2.82 eV to 3.31 eV with increasing the ratio of Mg2+ content. It has been observed that the luminescence intensity of copper nanoferrite decreases with increasing the ratio of Mg2+. The saturation magnetization decreases with increasing magnesium ion concentration as indicated in the M-H loops.