Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 95, Issue -, Pages 32-37Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.046
Keywords
Bocavirus; acute gastroenteritis; acute respiratory infection; Amazon region
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Funding
- Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) [01/2019, 88881.337140/2019-01]
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq [424376/2016-4]
- Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro-FAPERJ Edital Carlos Chagas Filho
- Oswaldo Cruz Institute-IOC (PAEF)
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Objectives: This study aimed to verify the frequency, genotypes, and etiological role of Human Bocavirus (HBoV) in younger Amazonian children with either acute gastroenteritis (AGE) or respiratory infections (ARI). The influence of Rotarix (TM) vaccination and co-infection status was also investigated. Design: HBoV quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) testing was done on both fecal and saliva (1468 samples) from 734 children < 5 months old living in the Amazon (Brazil, Guyana, and Venezuela). High and median HBoV viral load samples were used for extraction, nested PCR amplification, and sequencing for genotyping. HBoV mRNA detection was done by reverse transcription following DNA amplification. Results: The overall HBoV frequencies were 14.2% (69/485; AGE) and 14.1% (35/249; ARI) (p = 0.83). HBoV exclusively infected 4.5% (22/485; AGE) and 4% (10/249) of the Amazonian children (Odds ratios 1.13, 95% confidence interval = 2.42-0.52). HBoV 1 was mainly detected in feces and saliva from AGE children; and HBoV2, from ARI children. HBoV mRNA was detected only in feces. The Rotarix (TM) vaccination status did not affect the HBoV frequencies. Conclusions: We suggest that, after entry into the air/oral pathways, HBoV1 continues infecting toward the intestinal tract causing AGE. HBoV2 can be a causative agent of AGE and ARI in younger Amazonian children. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.
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