Article
Pediatrics
Dustin D. Flannery, Erika M. Edwards, Karen M. Puopolo, Jeffrey D. Horbar
Summary: This study investigated the epidemiology and microbiology of early-onset sepsis (EOS) among very preterm infants from 2018 to 2019. The findings revealed an incidence rate of 13.5 per 1000 very preterm births, with Escherichia coli and group B Streptococcus being the most common pathogens. Infected infants had longer hospital stays and lower survival rates, emphasizing the need for novel preventive strategies.
Article
Immunology
Ingmar Fortmann, Marie-Theres Dammann, Bastian Siller, Alexander Humberg, Martin Demmert, Ludger Tueshaus, Judith Lindert, Vera van Zandbergen, Julia Pagel, Jan Rupp, Egbert Herting, Christoph Haertel
Summary: The study found that infants with suspected late-onset sepsis (LOS) had a decreased abundance of CD4+ FoxP3+ T cells compared to controls, especially in those with invasive bacterial infection. Additionally, infants with LOS showed an increase in HLA-DR-positive CD3+ cells, while infants with viral infection had a higher CD4/CD8 ratio than healthy controls.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sagori Mukhopadhyay, Jung-Jin Lee, Erica Hartman, Emily Woodford, Miren B. Dhudasia, Lisa M. Mattei, Scott G. Daniel, Kelly C. Wade, Mark A. Underwood, Kyle Bittinger
Summary: This cohort study compared the differences in microbiome acquisition and development between low-risk early-onset sepsis (LRE) infants and non-LRE infants. The results suggested that LRE infants had lower bacterial acquisition, different microbial diversity and composition compared to non-LRE infants. The presence of Staphylococcus epidermidis in LRE infants and Enterobacteriaceae sp. in non-LRE infants was associated with the differences in virulence factors and antibiotic resistant genes. The study also found that late-onset bacteremia was more common in non-LRE infants.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julie Hibbert, Tobias Strunk, Elizabeth Nathan, Amy Prosser, Dorota Doherty, Karen Simmer, Peter Richmond, David Burgner, Andrew Currie
Summary: This study aimed to characterize and compare leukocyte populations in preterm infants with and without late-onset sepsis (LOS) during the first month of life. The results showed that compared to infants without LOS, infants who developed LOS had lower counts and frequencies of neutrophils, basophils, and non-cytotoxic T lymphocytes, as well as higher counts of immature granulocytes over the first month of life. Furthermore, changes in non-cytotoxic T lymphocytes occurred following LOS, suggesting sepsis-induced immune suppression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elena Bonafiglia, Elena Gusson, Rosa Longo, Benjamim Ficial, Maria Giulia Tisato, Sara Rossignoli, Giulia Caltran, Emilio Pedrotti, Renzo Beghini, Giorgio Marchini
Summary: This study investigates the impact of antenatal and postnatal infection or inflammation on the onset and progression of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP). The study found that oxygen need for 28 days and late-onset sepsis increased the risk of any stage ROP, while days of mechanical ventilation and non-invasive ventilation increased the risk of progression to severe ROP.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Carlo Dani, Giulia Remaschi, Nicolo Monti, Simone Pratesi
Summary: This study explored the correlation between COHb levels and the risk for late-onset sepsis (LOS) in preterm infants. The results showed that higher COHb levels 2 days before the diagnosis of LOS increased the risk for LOS development. A COHb level of 1.55% was identified as the best predictive threshold for LOS.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Isabelle Le Ray, Pierre Kuhn, Mathilde Letouzey, Jean-Michel Roue, Ayoub Mitha, Isabelle Glorieux, Laurence Foix-L'Helias, Laetitia Marchand-Martin, Pierre-Yves Ancel, Monique Kaminski, Veronique Pierrat
Summary: This observational study evaluated the association between early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) and the incidence of late-onset sepsis (LOS) in extremely and very preterm infants. The results showed that early SSC exposure was not associated with the risk of LOS or LONI.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Mathilde Letouzey, Laurence Foix-L'Helias, Heloise Torchin, Ayoub Mitha, Andrei S. Morgan, Jennifer Zeitlin, Gilles Kayem, Emeline Maisonneuve, Pierre Delorme, Babak Khoshnood, Monique Kaminski, Pierre-Yves Ancel, Pascal Boileau, Elsa Lorthe
Summary: The study found that the risk of late-onset sepsis in very preterm infants differs according to the cause of preterm birth, with infants born after hypertensive disorders or fetal growth restriction having a higher risk compared to those born after preterm labor. Antenatal factors, particularly the various causes leading to preterm birth, should be considered to better prevent and manage neonatal infectious morbidity and inform parents.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Jiayu Miao, Zhuxiao Ren, Zhicheng Zhong, Fang Xu, Jianlan Wang, Jie Yang
Summary: Umbilical cord blood levels of LL37 were found to be associated with early onset sepsis in preterm infants. Additionally, levels of CRP, WBC, PLT, and MPV were also correlated with the occurrence of sepsis. The expression of LL37 was negatively correlated with platelet count and positively correlated with mean platelet volume. LL37 showed a high accuracy in diagnosing early onset sepsis.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Arno G. Garstman, Cristian Rodriguez Rivero, Wes Onland
Summary: Recent research suggests that non-linear machine learning methods perform better than linear models in predicting late onset sepsis in newborns. Additionally, when respiratory features are added to the heart rate variability feature set, non-linear methods demonstrate superior performance compared to linear methods.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Marle B. van Doorn, J. Patrick van der Voorn, Helen L. Tanger, Mirjam M. van Weissenbruch, Douwe H. Visser
Summary: Late-onset sepsis in very preterm infants does not seem to be associated with intrauterine inflammation. Intrauterine inflammation does not protect premature infants from developing late-onset sepsis.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Francesca Miselli, Sara Crestani, Melissa Maugeri, Erica Passini, Valentina Spaggiari, Elisa Deonette, Branislava Cosic, Katia Rossi, Maria Federica Roversi, Luca Bedetti, Licia Lugli, Riccardo Cuoghi Costantini, Alberto Berardi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of timing, in vitro activity, and appropriateness of empirical antimicrobials on the outcome of late-onset sepsis among preterm very low birth weight infants. The results showed that the timing and in vitro activity of empirical antimicrobials were similar between fatal and non-fatal cases, but the appropriateness of antimicrobials was lower in fatal cases. Appropriate antimicrobial use was significantly associated with sepsis-related mortality and brain sequelae.
Article
Pediatrics
Niall Johnston, Koert de Waal
Summary: The haemodynamic presentation of early onset sepsis (EOS) in preterm infants is diverse and non-specific, and echocardiography can reveal abnormal haemodynamic patterns suggestive of vasodilatation and warm shock physiology. Early intervention may improve outcomes.
JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sofia El Manouni El Hassani, Hendrik J. Niemarkt, Daniel J. C. Berkhout, Carel F. W. Peeters, Christian Hulzebos, Anton H. van Kaam, Boris W. Kramer, Richard A. van Lingen, Floor Jenken, Willem P. de Boode, Marc A. Benninga, Andries E. Budding, Mirjam M. van Weissenbruch, Nanne K. H. de Boer, Tim G. J. de Meij
Summary: The study revealed that changes in intestinal microbiota composition occur before the onset of late-onset sepsis (LOS) in preterm infants, allowing for the identification of causative bacteria isolated later in blood culture. Predicting the onset of LOS has the potential to serve as an early noninvasive biomarker.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Weiyin Yu, Lan Zhang, Shujuan Li, Weili Yan, Ruimiao Bai, Zuming Yang, Jingyun Shi, Jing Yuan, Chuanzhong Yang, Wenhong Cai, Yang Wang, Yi Zhang, Xinyue Gu, Xincheng Cao, Yihuang Huang, Luyang Hong, Qi Zhou, Yi K. Yang, Shoo K. Lee, Siyuan Jiang, Yun Cao
Summary: This study found that early antibiotic use in preterm infants without infection was associated with increased risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and late antibiotic use. Excessive and broad-spectrum antibiotic use had a larger impact on neonatal outcomes. The correlation between early antibiotic use and outcomes was significant among noncritical infants but disappeared for critical infants.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Robert Markewitz, Daniela Pauli, Justina Dargvainiene, Katja Steinhagen, Sarah Engel, Victor Herbst, Dorinja Zapf, Christina Krueger, Shahpour Sharifzadeh, Benjamin Schomburg, Frank Leypoldt, Jan Rupp, Siegfried Goerg, Ralf Junker, Klaus-Peter Wandinger
Summary: This study investigated the immune response to BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccination and found that both vaccines elicited strong and specific immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. Younger participants had stronger responses and those who had previous infection with SARS-CoV-2 had stronger reactions to the vaccines. Certain forms of immunosuppression significantly impeded the immune response.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Anke Leichtle, David Leffers, Markus Georg Daerr, Clara Draf, Arwa Kurabi, Allen F. Ryan, Jan Rupp, Karl-Ludwig Bruchhage
Summary: The etiopathogenesis of chronic otitis media epitympanalis/cholesteatoma and its potential complications are still unclear. Surgery remains the preferred treatment, but new studies are exploring the role of the innate immune system. TNF modulation in cholesteatoma suggests a possible therapeutic target, with potential immunomodulatory regulation observed in its growth.
LARYNGO-RHINO-OTOLOGIE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Benjamin Gebel, Jan Rupp, Evelyn Kramme
Summary: The article reports a 79-year-old patient who was admitted with symptoms of recurring fever, weight loss, night sweat, decreased physical capacity, and hematomas of the extremities. The patient was diagnosed with visceral Leishmaniasis based on histopathologic examination and confirmed by PCR from peripheral blood. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B resulted in recovery of hematopoiesis and decrease in CRP levels. Renal function initially deteriorated but improved gradually during the course of therapy.
DEUTSCHE MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon Eschweiler, Ciro Ramirez-Suastegui, Yingcong Li, Emma King, Lindsey Chudley, Jaya Thomas, Oliver Wood, Adrian von Witzleben, Danielle Jeffrey, Katy McCann, Hayley Simon, Monalisa Mondal, Alice Wang, Martina Dicker, Elena Lopez-Guadamillas, Ting-Fang Chou, Nicola A. Dobbs, Louisa Essame, Gary Acton, Fiona Kelly, Gavin Halbert, Joseph J. Sacco, Andrew Graeme Schache, Richard Shaw, James Anthony McCaul, Claire Paterson, Joseph H. Davies, Peter A. Brennan, Rabindra P. Singh, Paul M. Loadman, William Wilson, Allan Hackshaw, Gregory Seumois, Klaus Okkenhaug, Gareth J. Thomas, Terry M. Jones, Ferhat Ay, Greg Friberg, Mitchell Kronenberg, Bart Vanhaesebroeck, Pandurangan Vijayanand, Christian H. Ottensmeier
Summary: This study assessed the effects of PI3K delta inhibitors in patients with head and neck cancer, finding that it reduced the number of regulatory T cells in tumors and enhanced the cytotoxic potential of tumor-infiltrating T cells. However, high doses of the inhibitors led to immune-related adverse events, indicating the need for alternative dosing regimens to limit toxicity.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alexander Balck, Bandik Foeh, Max Borsche, Johann Rahmoeller, Eva-Juliane Vollstedt, Frederike Waldeck, Nadja Kaeding, Christoph Twesten, Alexander Mischnik, Gabriele Gillessen-Kaesbach, Marc Ehlers, Christian Sina, Stefan Taube, Hauke Busch, Jan Rupp, Alexander Katalinic, Christine Klein
Summary: Considering the spread of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, low vaccination rates, and the risk of post-COVID syndrome, targeted intervention measures are urgently needed. The ELISA-Study is a longitudinal surveillance study that aims to study immunity, post-COVID-19 symptoms, and related risk factors through PCR testing, antibody measurements, and questionnaires. This study enables continuous monitoring of the pandemic and identification of potential long-term effects.
Article
Dermatology
Jasper N. Pruessmann, Ewan A. Langan, Jan Rupp, Jens Marquardt, Patrick Terheyden, Detlef Zillikens, Ralf J. Ludwig, Katharina Boch
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the number of newly-discovered positive serological hepatitis B virus (HBV) test results in patients with autoimmune skin diseases after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatment. The results showed that there were new positive serological HBV test results after IVIg treatment, which may be due to passive antibody transfer. It is recommended to screen for hepatitis B before IVIg therapy to prevent diagnostic confusion caused by passive antibody transfer.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Benedikt Fels, Sovon Acharya, Carl Vahldieck, Tobias Graf, Nadja Kaeding, Jan Rupp, Kristina Kusche-Vihrog
Summary: Proinflammatory cytokines target the endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) in vascular endothelial cells during COVID-19 infections, leading to endothelial dysfunction. Low doses of spironolactone can prevent the worsening of eGC, suggesting potential therapeutic options.
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jerome Genth, Patrick Kaleja, Christian Treitz, Kathrin Schaefer, Simon Graspeutner, Jan Rupp, Andreas Tholey
Summary: In this study, the proteome response of B. thetaiotaomicron cultivated on different carbon sources was analyzed. The results showed that the bacterium maintains its intracellular proteome upon change of the carbohydrates, with major changes observed in the machinery necessary to use the carbon sources provided. These findings contribute to the understanding of how different carbohydrates shape bacterial community in the gut microbiome.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Swapnil Prakash Doijad, Nicolas Gisch, Renate Frantz, Bajarang Vasant Kumbhar, Jane Falgenhauer, Can Imirzalioglu, Linda Falgenhauer, Alexander Mischnik, Jan Rupp, Michael Behnke, Michael Buhl, Simone Eisenbeis, Petra Gastmeier, Hanna Goelz, Georg Alexander Haecker, Nadja Kaeding, Winfried Kern, Axel Kola, Evelyn Kramme, Silke Peter, Anna M. Rohde, Harald Seifert, Evelina Tacconelli, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Sarah Walker, Janine Zweigner, Dominik Schwudke, Trinad Chakraborty
Summary: A three-year study in Germany and a global analysis of isolates identified Enterobacter xiangfangensis as the most common species (65.5%) within the Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC). The study revealed widespread resistance to colistin, with the mobile colistin resistance (mcr)-9 gene detected in 19.2% of all isolates. The resistance and heteroresistance properties were found to be dependent on the arnBCADTEF gene cassette, whose products catalyze transfer of L-Ara4N to lipid A.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Philipp Mathe, Siri Goepel, Daniel Hornuss, David Tobys, Nadja Kaeding, Simone Eisenbeis, Britta Kohlmorgen, Janina Trauth, Hanna Goelz, Sarah V. Walker, Alexander Mischnik, Silke Peter, Florian Hoelzl, Anna M. Rohde, Michael Behnke, Moritz Fritzenwanker, Georg Haecker, Benedict Steffens, Maria Vehreschild, Evelyn Kramme, Jane Falgenhauer, Gabriele Peyerl-Hoffmann, Harald Seifert, Jan Rupp, Petra Gastmeier, Can Imirzalioglu, Evelina Tacconelli, Winfried Kern, Siegbert Rieg
Summary: This study aims to describe the temporal trends, epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, and outcomes of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (SAB). The findings showed an increasing number of SAB cases, an increase in community-acquired SAB, and a decrease in methicillin-resistant SAB. There was also an increase in risk factors for complicated/difficult-to-treat SAB and a higher level of comorbidities. The rate of deep-seated foci such as osteomyelitis or deep-seated abscesses significantly increased. In-hospital mortality decreased in patients with infectious diseases consultations.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
S. Graspeuntner, M. Lupatsii, L. Dashdorj, A. Rody, J. Rupp, V. Bossung, C. Haertel
Summary: The human gut microbiome is important for health and disease. Stool samples are commonly used for studying the gut microbiome, but alternative sampling approaches are needed due to difficulties in acquisition, transportation, and patient discomfort. This study compared rectal swabs and meconium paired samples collected from infants on the first days of life. The results indicate that rectal swabs are not a reliable proxy compared to stool samples for gut microbiome analysis in newborns.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriela Rios Martini, Ekaterina Tikhonova, Elisa Rosati, Meghan Bialt Decelie, Laura Katharina Sievers, Florian Tran, Matthias Lessing, Arne Bergfeld, Sophia Hinz, Susanna Nikolaus, Julia Kuempers, Anna Matysiak, Philipp Hofmann, Carina Saggau, Stephan Schneiders, Ann-Kristin Kamps, Gunnar Jacobs, Wolfgang Lieb, Jochen Maul, Britta Siegmund, Barbara Seegers, Holger Hinrichsen, Hans-Heinrich Oberg, Daniela Wesch, Stefan Bereswill, Markus M. Heimesaat, Jan Rupp, Olaf Kniemeyer, Axel A. Brakhage, Sascha Brunke, Bernhard Hube, Konrad Aden, Andre Franke, Iliyan D. Iliev, Alexander Scheffold, Stefan Schreiber, Petra Bacher
Summary: Aberrant CD4(+) T cell reactivity against intestinal microorganisms is thought to drive mucosal inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases. This study identifies yeasts as direct activators of altered CD4(+) T cell reactions in patients with Crohn's disease, revealing their potential role in chronic activation of inflammatory immune responses.
Article
Microbiology
Jerome Genth, Kathrin Schaefer, Liam Cassidy, Simon Graspeuntner, Jan Rupp, Andreas Tholey
Summary: Short open reading frames (sORFs) can encode small proteins called sORF-encoded peptides (SEP) that play important roles in various physiological processes. Using proteomics techniques, researchers identified 45 novel and previously reported SEPs in single cultures of Blautia producta under different growth conditions and stress exposure. The results suggest that the biosynthesis of specific SEPs is not limited to bacterial interactions within the microbiome but is influenced by growth and environmental conditions during cultivation.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Hanna Marti, Michael Biggel, Kensuke Shima, Delia Onorini, Jan Rupp, Steve J. Charette, Nicole Borel
Summary: Chlamydia, a genus of bacteria, has obligate intracellular lifestyle which limits genetic exchange. The only known example of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between different phyla in Chlamydia is the tetracycline resistance found in Chlamydia suis.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Mathias W. Pletz, Andreas Vestergaard Jensen, Christina Bahrs, Claudia Davenport, Jan Rupp, Martin Witzenrath, Grit Barten-Neiner, Martin Kolditz, Sabine Dettmer, James D. Chalmers, Daiana Stolz, Norbert Suttorp, Stefano Aliberti, Wolfgang M. Kuebler, Gernot Rohde
Summary: Despite advances in CAP research, there are still many unmet needs. CAPNETZ identified eleven topics for future CAP research, including detection of causative pathogens, next generation sequencing for antimicrobial treatment guidance, imaging diagnostics, biomarkers, risk stratification, antiviral and antibiotic treatment, adjunctive therapy, vaccines and prevention, systemic and local immune response, comorbidities, and long-term cardio-vascular complications.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)