Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Alex Gonzalez-Vergara, Benjamin Benavides, Marcela Julio-Pieper
Summary: Neuropeptides are diverse signaling molecules found in the central and peripheral nervous systems, including the enteric nervous system. Studying their role in diseases and therapeutic potential requires addressing analytical challenges, particularly in the low abundance of neuropeptides in the ENS tissue. This review discusses these challenges and opportunities for technical development.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jean-Baptiste Cavin, Preedajit Wongkrasant, Joel B. Glover, Onesmo B. Balemba, Wallace K. MacNaughton, Keith A. Sharkey
Summary: The enteric nervous system regulates the functions of the gastrointestinal tract, and its response to changes in the gut lumen is not well understood. This study used live-cell confocal recordings to investigate neuronal response to luminal mechanical and chemical stimuli. The results show that intestinal distension regulates the excitability of enteric neural circuits via mechanosensitive channels, and the content of the intestinal lumen dynamically regulates the excitability of enteric neural circuits.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ines Hecking, Lennart Norman Stegemann, Sarah Stahlke, Verena Theis, Matthias Vorgerd, Veronika Matschke, Carsten Theiss
Summary: The close interaction between the enteric nervous system, microbiome, and brain in vertebrates is an emerging topic. This study presents a new protocol for isolation and sample collection of rat myenteric plexus cells, suitable for both in vivo and in vitro studies. Additionally, a fast and efficient method for intestinal preparation and cryosectioning is described, along with laser microdissection for obtaining specific tissue samples.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Keith A. Sharkey, Gary M. Mawe
Summary: The gastrointestinal tract is the most complex organ system in the body, controlling digestion and defense functions through the enteric nervous system. This system interacts with the immune system, gut microbiota, and epithelium to maintain mucosal defense and barrier function. Recent developments have improved our understanding of the molecular architecture, function, and regulation of the enteric nervous system, highlighting its importance in maintaining intestinal homeostasis.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Roberto Chiocchetti, Giorgia Galiazzo, Fiorella Giancola, Claudio Tagliavia, Chiara Bernardini, Monica Forni, Marco Pietra
Summary: The distribution of serotonin transporter immunoreactivity in the dog intestine is similar to that in rats and humans, suggesting a conserved role in serotonin reuptake mechanism.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Manuel O. Jakob, Michael Kofoed-Branzk, Divija Deshpande, Shaira Murugan, Christoph S. N. Klose
Summary: The peripheral nervous system plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses through sensory and effector circuits. Neurons can directly respond to inflammatory signals and advancements in single-cell sequencing have allowed for a better understanding of distinct neuronal subsets. This neuro-immune interaction may lead to novel therapeutic approaches for a variety of diseases, including chronic inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Isabella Murray, Gayatri Bhanot, Aditi Bhargava
Summary: Pain is an unpleasant sensation that alerts one to the presence of obnoxious stimuli or sensations, and the immune system plays a crucial role in the development, maintenance, and resolution of pain. There is a significant connection between emotional state and pain perception.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Doriane Hazart, Brigitte Delhomme, Martin Oheim, Clement Ricard
Summary: This study proposes a fast and label-free 3D imaging method for the enteric nervous system (ENS) in the gastrointestinal tract. By using a high refractive-index aqueous solution as a tissue-clearing agent, combined with autofluorescence detection and rapid volume imaging technology, detailed 3D high-resolution images of unlabeled mouse ileum and colon can be obtained. This method has the advantages of fast clearing speed and imaging speed, and is expected to have wide applications in both basic and clinical research.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Noam Slonim, Yonatan Bilu, Carlos Alzate, Roy Bar-Haim, Ben Bogin, Francesca Bonin, Leshem Choshen, Edo Cohen-Karlik, Lena Dankin, Lilach Edelstein, Liat Ein-Dor, Roni Friedman-Melamed, Assaf Gavron, Ariel Gera, Martin Gleize, Shai Gretz, Dan Gutfreund, Alon Halfon, Daniel Hershcovich, Ron Hoory, Yufang Hou, Shay Hummel, Michal Jacovi, Charles Jochim, Yoav Kantor, Yoav Katz, David Konopnicki, Zvi Kons, Lili Kotlerman, Dalia Krieger, Dan Lahav, Tamar Lavee, Ran Levy, Naftali Liberman, Yosi Mass, Amir Menczel, Shachar Mirkin, Guy Moshkowich, Shila Ofek-Koifman, Matan Orbach, Ella Rabinovich, Ruty Rinott, Slava Shechtman, Dafna Sheinwald, Eyal Shnarch, Ilya Shnayderman, Aya Soffer, Artem Spector, Benjamin Sznajder, Assaf Toledo, Orith Toledo-Ronen, Elad Venezian, Ranit Aharonov
Summary: Artificial intelligence refers to the capability of machines to perform tasks usually associated with intelligent beings. Argument and debate, essential for a wide range of human activities and common in all human societies, are fundamental capabilities of human intelligence. The development of computational argumentation technologies is an important emerging discipline in AI research.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clara Leung, Shaina Robbins, Alison Moss, Maci Heal, Mahyar Osanlouy, Richard Christie, Navid Farahani, Corey Monteith, Jin Chen, Peter Hunter, Susan Tappan, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli, Zixi (Jack) Cheng, James S. Schwaber
Summary: The study developed and analyzed a single-cell scale anatomical map of the rat intrinsic cardiac nervous system (ICNS) across male and female hearts, revealing a reliable structural organization plan and providing a foundation for further analysis in cardiac function and disease. The distribution and clustering of ICNS neurons were highly conserved across all male and female rat hearts with distinct clusters consistently localized, though female hearts had fewer neurons and slightly reduced distribution. The anatomical data from each heart were registered to a geometric scaffold for standardization of common anatomical planes, allowing integration and comparison of multiple experimental results and data types.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ines Hecking, Lennart Norman Stegemann, Verena Theis, Matthias Vorgerd, Veronika Matschke, Sarah Stahlke, Carsten Theiss
Summary: Research has found that the enteric nervous system (ENS), through its connection to the microbiome and the immune system, may play a role in the pathological changes seen in neurodegenerative diseases. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has shown neuroprotective effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, and can directly protect enteric neurons in the ENS. These findings suggest a promising approach for neuroprotection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefanie Volkart, Urs Kym, Olivier Braissant, Edgar Delgado-Eckert, Samer Al-Samir, Rebecca Angresius, Zihe Huo, Stefan Holland-Cunz, Stephanie J. J. Gros
Summary: This study analyzed the distribution and localization of AQP1 in the entire intestinal tract of mice. A specific pattern of AQP1 expression was found throughout the gastrointestinal tract. AQP1 expression correlated with the expression profiles of hypoxia-dependent proteins and was associated with changes in intestinal wall anatomy and bacterial stool microbiome composition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pathology
Lisa G. Lanigan, Duncan S. Russell, Kevin D. Woolard, Ingrid D. Pardo, Virginia Godfrey, Bernard S. Jortner, Mark T. Butt, Brad Bolon
Summary: This review emphasizes the importance of the peripheral nervous system and common types of lesions, highlighting the significance of PNS evaluation that is often overlooked in experimental pathology.
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tolga Aksu, Kivanc Yalin, Serdar Bozyel, Rakesh Gopinathannair, Dhiraj Gupta
Summary: This study found that there is overlap between ganglionic plexi and pulmonary veins during pulmonary vein isolation procedures, with more pronounced overlap on the right side. There is significant individual variability in the degree of overlap between ganglionic plexi and pulmonary veins, which may explain why not all patients experience neuromodulation effects following pulmonary vein isolation.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Dominic R. Parker, Lukasz Wiklendt, Adam Humenick, Bao Nan Chen, Tiong Cheng Sia, David A. Wattchow, Phil G. Dinning, Simon J. H. Brookes
Summary: This study found that sympathetic axons in the myenteric plexus preferentially target cholinergic excitatory cells over nitrergic neurons, which likely plays a role in the inhibitory modulation of human colonic motility by the sympathetic nervous system.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Karlie Payne, Justin Payne, Theresa A. Larkin
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
Susan Jennifer Thomas, Theresa Larkin
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jessica G. Mills, Susan J. Thomas, Theresa A. Larkin, Chao Deng
Article
Surgery
Theresa A. Larkin, Oliver Hovav, Kate Dwight, Laurencia Villalba
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY-VENOUS AND LYMPHATIC DISORDERS
(2020)
Article
Surgery
Laurencia Villalba, Theresa A. Larkin
Summary: The study demonstrated that transabdominal duplex ultrasound (TAUS) is a valid diagnostic tool for detecting iliac vein obstruction (IVO). Specifically, a CIV diameter of <= 8 mm was identified as a threshold value for clinically relevant stenosis. The measurements obtained from TAUS were found to be significantly correlated with those from IVUS examinations.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY-VENOUS AND LYMPHATIC DISORDERS
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Biological
Asmahan Elgellaie, Susan Thomas, Jacqueline Kaelle, Jessica Mills, Theresa Larkin
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Benjamin A. McKay, Jace A. Delaney, Andrew Simpkin, Theresa Larkin, Andrew Murray, Charles R. Pedlar, Nathan A. Lewis, John A. Sampson
Summary: The study found that the free oxygen radical test and defense test were associated with variables related to countermovement jump performance and subjective wellness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sarah Helen Joy Noonan, Theresa Anne Larkin
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the associations between maternal characteristics, labour interventions, delivery mode, and maternal antenatal complications in a rural hospital in NSW, and compare these findings with state data. The analysis of data from the hospital's eMaternity database revealed lower rates of medical interventions during labour and delivery compared to the state, with induction and augmentation of labour contributing to increased caesarean section rates.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Asmahan Elgellaie, Susan J. J. Thomas, Jacqueline Kaelle, Jessica Bartschi, Theresa Larkin
Summary: This study found that pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 alpha, IL-6, and TNF-alpha are associated with major depressive disorder, psychological distress, cardiovascular health, and obesity. However, there is limited research on the multiple associations between these variables, especially among untreated individuals with major depressive disorder, compared to a control group, and including sex differences. The study analyzed data from 60 individuals with major depressive disorder and 60 controls, measuring various factors such as plasma levels of cytokines, adiposity measures, cardiovascular health indices, and psychological symptoms. The results showed that plasma IL-1 alpha and IL-6 were higher in the major depressive disorder group compared to the control group, with a sex interaction observed for IL-6. TNF-alpha did not differ between the groups. Moreover, IL-1 alpha and IL-6 were correlated with depressive severity, anxiety, hostility, and stress, while TNF-alpha only correlated with anxiety and hostility. The association between psychopathology and pro-inflammatory cytokines varied by sex. None of the cytokines were correlated with measures of adiposity, cardiovascular health indices, or psychological health. The findings suggest that the group by sex interaction for IL-6 and the sex-specific associations between pro-inflammatory cytokines and psychometrics could have important implications for depression interventions and treatments, particularly for females. Further research is warranted.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Benjamin A. McKay, Jace A. Delaney, Andrew Simpkin, Theresa Larkin, Andrew Murray, Diarmuid Daniels, Charles R. Pedlar, John A. Sampson
Summary: The purpose of the study was to assess objective strain and subjective muscle soreness in American college football players during off-season, fall camp, and in-season phases. The study found that Bigs (offensive and defensive line) experienced higher stress and fatigue compared to Combos (tight ends, quarterbacks, line backers, and running backs) and Skills (wide receivers and defensive backs).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Laurencia Villalba, Theresa A. Larkin
Summary: The study aimed to assess the performance of dedicated iliac venous stents during subsequent pregnancy and postpartum. A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data was conducted, and a surveillance program was established for women of child-bearing age who had received dedicated iliac venous stents. The results showed that all stents remained patent during pregnancy and postpartum, with no cases of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY-VENOUS AND LYMPHATIC DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Theresa A. Larkin, Raeed Deen, Taraneh Amirnezami, Alisa Shvartsbart, Laurencia Villalba
Summary: A single session pharmacomechanical thrombectomy, dedicated venous stents, and a risk-mitigation protocol have shown to significantly reduce the incidence of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) following iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (IFDVT).
ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Jose R. Sanudo, Ernest F. Talarico, Fabrice Duparc, Teresa Vazquez, Francisco Valderrama, Blanca Mompeo, Rosa Mirapeix, Rodrigo Elizondo-Omana, Theresa Larkin, Stephen McHan-well, Eva Maranillo, Bernhard Moriggl, Marko Konschake
Summary: Practical pre-graduate education in human anatomy is considered essential in all fields of sciences, to complement theoretical learning and reinforce knowledge immediately after didactic sessions. While media, models, and imaging have become popular tools for anatomy learning, the use of anatomical donors remains the gold standard for teaching, especially in topographical Anatomy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Theresa A. Larkin
Summary: Anatomy is essential in medical education, and incorporating ultrasound technology can enhance students' understanding and application of anatomy knowledge, improving the quality of medical education and student engagement.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Asmahan Elgellaie, Elfriede Ashcroft, Theresa A. Larkin
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2019)