Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Qinjie Lin, Kun Lin Tay, Wenbin Yu, Yichen Zong, Wenming Yang, Laura-Helena Rivellini, Mutian Ma, Alex King Yin Lee
Summary: Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether 3 (PODE3) is a highly promising renewable fuel that shows potential for reducing soot pollution in diesel engines. Adding 20% PODE3 to diesel can reduce particulate matter at all engine loads, but may lead to an increase in particle number concentration.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zheng Jing, Chunhua Zhang, Panpan Cai, Yangyang Li, Jibai Wang
Summary: A new compact diesel surrogate/PODE3 chemical kinetic reaction mechanism was established and validated through simplifying the detailed PODE3 reaction mechanism, applying optimization techniques, and verifying with experimental data. This reduced mechanism showed accurate prediction and applicability for 3-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Denis Buntin, Leonid Tartakovsky
Summary: This study numerically investigates the combustion characteristics of methylal and reveals a three-stage heat release phenomenon. By validating different kinetic mechanisms, three mechanisms are selected to simulate the auto-ignition behavior of methylal. The results of this study are important for assessing the combustion potential of methylal as an alternative fuel.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Marijan Markovic, Filip Juric, Dominik Pecaver Sosic, Carsten Schmalhorst, Anh Tuan Hoang, Milan Vujanovic
Summary: This study conducted numerical analysis on the use of trioxymethylene dimethyl ether (OME3) e-fuel as a viable replacement for diesel fuel in an industrial compression ignition engine. The results showed that by adjusting the injection timing in multi-injection cases, OME3 combustion can achieve higher mean pressure peaks compared to diesel fuel, while emitting lower levels of nitrogen oxides.
CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yifan Jin, Xin Li, Xin Wang, Zhihao Ma, Xianglin Chu
Summary: The contribution of dimethyl ether (DME) to the ignition delay times (IDTs) of ammonia (NH3) was investigated. The experiments were conducted under different pressure, temperature, equivalence ratio, and NH3/DME mixing ratios. The results showed that the addition of DME decreased the IDTs and promoted the reactivity of NH3. The promoting effect of DME on NH3 ignition was weakened under higher temperature and pressure conditions. An updated mechanism was proposed to explain the promoting effect of DME on NH3 ignition, and the numerical analysis showed that it was primarily due to an increase in the rate of production and concentration of the radical pool, especially the OH radical pool.
Article
Thermodynamics
Tiankui Zhu, Zhan Gao, Yuxiao Qiu, Xin Yan, Lei Zhu, Zhen Huang
Summary: Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) and methanol show promise as alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. A modified gasoline engine was used to study the combustion characteristics of a dual-fuel SACI engine fueled with direct injection PODE and port injection methanol. The study analyzed the effects of PODE mass ratio, spark ignition timing, and start of injection timing. The results showed multiple heat-release stages during dual-fuel SACI combustion and demonstrated the potential for high brake thermal efficiency and low hydrocarbon emissions with the appropriate control of parameters.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Inbanaathan Papla Venugopal, Dhinesh Balasubramanian, Amudhan Rajarajan, Kiran Suresh
Summary: Low-temperature combustion, specifically Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI), is a viable alternative to conventional diesel combustion (CDC) as it offers better trade-offs between soot-NOx and HC-CO emissions. This study investigates the effects of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and equivalence ratio optimization on W20P20 fuel, along with exergy analysis in the HCCI mode. The results show that incorporating EGR improves combustion characteristics and reduces emissions of NOx, soot, HC, and CO particles, with the highest reductions achieved at specific EGR levels and equivalence ratios.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qinjie Lin, Kun Lin Tay, Wenbin Yu, Wenming Yang, Zhi Wang
Summary: The study found that the addition of PODE3 can reduce nitrogen oxide emissions, but may increase at high injection pressure; the particle number concentration shows a bimodal distribution at low injection pressure and decreases at medium and high injection pressure; the increase in oxygen content of PODE3 can decrease the geometric mean diameter of particles.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaoyu Cong, Changwei Ji, Shuofeng Wang
Summary: The study found that blending DME can extend flame development and propagation periods, increase power output of the neat hydrogen engine, and reduce nitrogen oxides emissions. However, blending DME may increase cyclic variation due to weakened flame kernel and propagation process, but emissions can be controlled by adjusting the DME fraction.
Article
Thermodynamics
Raul Payri, Jaime Gimeno, Marcos Carreres, Tomas Montiel
Summary: The study analyzed the influence of inter-jet spacing on ignition delay and lift-off length, finding that sprays with smaller spacing had slightly longer ignition delays under low temperature and density conditions, while reducing the spacing decreased lift-off length values. In particular, sprays with a 30-degree spacing had significantly lower lift-off length values compared to those with 36 and 45-degree spacings.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Camille Hespel, Chetankumar Patel, Tung Lam Nguyen, Ob Nilaphai, Christine Mounaim-Rousselle
Summary: This study explores the potential use of ABE mixture as an alternative fuel for CI engines. The experiment showed that increasing the ABE and Butanol concentration in the blends led to a longer ignition delay and lift-off length, as well as a decrease in soot concentration. The blends with the lowest ABE or Butanol content exhibited similar combustion characteristics to n-dodecane, making them suitable substitutes for diesel without any engine modifications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sven Eckart, Liming Cai, Chris Fritsche, Florian vom Lehn, Heinz Pitsch, Hartmut Krause
Summary: Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (OMEn) are a promising synthetic e-fuel class that can improve the emission characteristics of internal combustion engines. This study measured the laminar burning velocities of OME1 and OME2 using a heat flux burner and compared the results with computed data, showing good agreement. The impact of chain length of (OMEn) on their burning velocities was found to be minor.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Chakrapani Nagappan Kowthaman, S. M. Ashrafur Rahman, I. M. R. Fattah
Summary: The most effective way to reduce emissions from internal combustion engines is to use sustainable alternative fuels, particularly Polyoxymethylene di-methylene ether (PODE), which contains oxygen molecules. PODE as a fuel does not require significant engine modifications, resulting in near stoichiometric combustion and reduced hazardous exhaust gas and NOx emissions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Felipe Escudero, Juan J. Cruz, Ignacio Verdugo, Nicolas Gutierrez, Fengshan Liu, Jerome Yon, Andres Fuentes
Summary: The auto-compensating laser-induced incandescence (AC-LII) technique is commonly used to measure soot volume fraction (fv) in flames. This study proposes a correction to the AC-LII measured fv based on the soot maturity coefficient β and absorption function E(m,λ) in a laminar coflow ethylene diffusion flame. The corrected AC-LII results are in good agreement with those measured by MW-LOSA/EMI. Rating: 9 points
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jinling Yang, Chun Zou, Wenyu Li, Qianjin Lin, Lixin Lu, Wenxiang Xia
Summary: This study measured the ignition delay times of DME/propane mixtures in an O2/CO2 atmosphere and constructed a detailed kinetic model. The results show that the increase in DME blending ratio has a linear effect on the ignition delay times at different pressures. There is a synergy effect between DME and propane in different atmospheres and pressures, and CO2 and pressure have significant impacts on the ignition behavior.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiao Ma, Yanfei Li, Yunliang Qi, Hongming Xu, Shijin Shuai, Jianxin Wang
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yanfei Li, Hengjie Guo, Xiao Ma, Jianxin Wang, Hongming Xu
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiao Ma, Zhi Wang, Changzhao Jiang, Yizhou Jiang, Hongming Xu, Jianxin Wang
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yanfei Li, Hengjie Guo, Zhifu Zhou, Zhou Zhang, Xiao Ma, Longfei Chen
Article
Energy & Fuels
Soheil Zeraati-Rezaei, Yasser Al-Qahtani, Jose M. Herreros, Xiao Ma, Hongming Xu
Article
Energy & Fuels
Amrit Sahu, Chongming Wang, Changzhao Jiang, Hongming Xu, Xiao Ma, Cangsu Xu, Xiuchao Bao
Article
Environmental Sciences
Omar Awad, Xiao Ma, Mohammed Kamil, Obed M. Ali, Yue Ma, Shijin Shuai
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Omar Awad, Xiao Ma, Mohammed Kamil, Obed Majeed Ali, Zhou Zhang, Shijin Shuai
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaoqing Zhang, Jiapei Yang, Xiao Ma, Wenmiao Chen, Shijin Shuai, Weilin Zhuge
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhou Zhang, Wenbin Zhang, Xiao Ma, Omar I. Awad, Hongming Xu, Shijin Shuai
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiao Ma, Xiaoqing Zhang, Jiapei Yang, Weilin Zhuge, Shijin Shuai
Summary: The study reveals that spatial variation in porosity and wettability distribution in gas diffusion layer can affect liquid water saturation profile, fuel cell performance, and membrane water content. Higher operating pressure improves performance, while increased anode inlet humidity results in higher membrane water content. The wettability distribution also plays a role in water management and performance of fuel cells, though its influence is more indirect than porosity.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaoqing Zhang, Xiao Ma, Jiapei Yang, Xiaochun Zhu, Shupeng Tai, Shijin Shuai
Summary: This research investigates the impact of different flow patterns on the performance of fuel cells using a volume of fluid model. The findings demonstrate that liquid water in the cathode channel can alter gas flow paths and oxygen concentration distribution, thereby affecting fuel cell performance. Initial film flow leads to water coverage and oxygen starvation, while initial slug flow causes performance fluctuations. Improving flow patterns is crucial for mitigating the influence of two-phase flow on fuel cell performance.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaoqing Zhang, Jiapei Yang, Xiao Ma, Weilin Zhuge, Shijin Shuai
Summary: This study investigates the effects of penetration ratio, total thickness of GDL and transition region (TR), and operating pressure on the mass transport and performance of fuel cells using a three-dimensional, multiphase, and non-isothermal fuel cell model. The results show that the performance of fuel cells increases with the increase of penetration ratio under high output voltage. Under low output voltage, a penetration ratio of 15% achieves the best fuel cell performance. The existence of a transition region changes the liquid distribution, and the penetration affects the membrane water content, resulting in a more non-uniform distribution as the penetration ratio increases.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yifei Gong, Xiao Ma, Kai Hong Luo, Hongming Xu, Shijin Shuai
Summary: This study investigates the evaporation of a multicomponent fuel droplet under supercritical conditions using molecular dynamics simulations. The study focuses on the effects of multicomponent ambient gases and the relative motion between the droplet and the ambient. The results show that the transition from evaporation to diffusion mode depends on the temperature, pressure, ambient gases, and relative velocities.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.