Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 54, Issue 16, Pages 10237-10245Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00343
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Funding
- National Institute for Standards and Technology [70NANB10H245]
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA13OAR4310076]
- French research program Make Our Planet Great Again (Project CIUDAD)
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Global fossil fuel carbon dioxide (FFCO2) emissions will be dictated to a great degree by the trajectory of emissions from urban areas. Conventional methods to quantify urban FFCO2 emissions typically rely on self-reported economic/energy activity data transformed into emissions via standard emission factors. However, uncertainties in these traditional methods pose a roadblock to implementation of effective mitigation strategies, independently monitor long-term trends, and assess policy outcomes. Here, we demonstrate the applicability of the integration of a dense network of greenhouse gas sensors with a science-driven building and street-scale FFCO2 emissions estimation through the atmospheric CO2 inversion process. Whole-city FFCO2 emissions agree within 3% annually. Current self-reported inventory emissions for the city of Indianapolis are 35% lower than our optimal estimate, with significant differences across activity sectors. Differences remain, however, regarding the spatial distribution of sectoral FFCO2 emissions, underconstrained despite the inclusion of coemitted species information.
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