Article
Thermodynamics
Marwan Al-Rjoub, Michael J. Kazmierczak, Amit Bhattacharya, Sathyaprabha Rakkimuthu, Sruthi Ramadurai, Joshua P. Stuckey, Rupak K. Banerjee
Summary: This study introduces a novel active head cooling system that utilizes phase change material for thermal storage and can be designed for portability. The system is capable of handling high heat generation from the head and the cooling duration can be adjusted based on heat load and flow rate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Achutha Tamraparni, Alison Hoe, Michael Deckard, Chen Zhang, Nathan Malone, Alaa Elwany, Patrick J. Shamberger, Jonathan R. Felts
Summary: Phase change materials store thermal energy as latent heat and can be combined with high thermal conductivity metals to create composites with high power density and large energy storage capacity. This study provides a theoretical framework to design and optimize cylindrical composites with three figures of merit - minimization of temperature rise, maximization of effective volumetric heat capacity, and maximization of effective heat capacity based on mass.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong-Kwon Kang, Hansol Lim, Seong-Yong Cheon, Jae-Weon Jeong
Summary: The experimental results showed that increasing the thickness of the PCM layer helps extend the duration of both active and passive cooling, and the cooling capacity decreases with lower MRT. The optimum PCM thickness was determined to be 6-8mm based on objective functions, with a higher emphasis on minimizing electric power consumption rather than maximizing cooling capacity.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jiahao Cao, Jinxin Feng, Xiaoming Fang, Ziye Ling, Zhengguo Zhang
Summary: A delayed cooling system coupling composite phase change material (CPCM) and nano phase change material emulsion (NPCME) is proposed to improve the working performance of lithium-ion batteries under long-term charge-discharge cycles. The system offers better cooling performance than conventional systems, significantly reduces power consumption, and maintains stable battery temperatures and temperature differences without sacrificing cooling performance.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Chaoen Li, Xiaodong Wen, Wei Cai, Hang Yu, Dongjing Liu
Summary: This paper summarizes the main characteristics of phase change materials (PCMs) in building envelopes and comprehensively discusses the design and shape stabilization methods of composite PCMs. The methods to address season adaptable problems and the test and heat transfer mechanisms are also overviewed. It was found that using biomass-derived carbon as supporting material is a low cost, environmentally friendly way to fabricate outstanding performance composite PCMs, and adopting multi-PCMs is an important way to solve season adaptable problem. Finally, crucial conclusions and future recommendations are provided to guide scholars on research for further improvements.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Meng Jia, Aimin Sha, Wei Jiang, Xinzhou Li, Wenxiu Jiao
Summary: Functional pavement materials, particularly phase change heat storage asphalt mixtures, are a focus of research. This study successfully developed a polyurethane-based solid-solid phase change material with suitable phase change temperatures and excellent cycling stability. By replacing limestone filler with this phase change material, the researchers were able to improve high-temperature stability and low-temperature cracking resistance in the asphalt mixtures, although water stability was weakened. These phase change mixtures showed promise in meeting pavement performance requirements.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Alex Soh, Zhifeng Huang, Weidong Chen, M. R. Islam, K. J. Chua
Summary: This study proposes a novel design optimization method for a low-temperature latent thermal energy storage (LTES) in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger configuration for district/urban cooling networks. The method improves storage capacity by up to 54.7% and demonstrates that maximizing heat transfer increases costs significantly. Furthermore, optimizing for discharge exergy efficiency in addition to cost and heat transfer efficiency can lead to significant capital cost savings.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jie Luo, Heng Gu, Shuo Wang, Hao Wang, Deqiu Zou
Summary: The study compared the thermal performance of cooling systems based on metal channel and SSPCM channel, and compared the thermal properties of the PCE / SSPCM channel system and the water / SSPCM channel system. The key factors affecting the PCE / SSPCM channel battery thermal management system were analyzed, and the effects were studied through orthogonal simulation.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ramadan Gad, Hatem Mahmoud, Shinichi Ookawara, Hamdy Hassan
Summary: This study investigates the thermal regulation of PV panels using an innovative hybrid cooling system of flat heat pipes (HPs) and phase change material (PCM). The results show that the cooling system significantly enhances the performance of the PV panels, including temperature reduction, improvement in electric efficiency, and system efficiency.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Soroush Kiyaee, Pooria Khalilmoghadam, Mohammad Behshad Shafii, Alireza Z. Moshfegh, Mingke Hu
Summary: This study investigates the energy-saving potential of a hybrid system that utilizes phase change materials as the energy storage for a daytime photovoltaic-thermal and nighttime radiative sky cooling system. By comparing the exergy and energy efficiencies of different phase transition temperatures, the optimal operative point of the system is identified.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Haobin Liang, Jianlei Niu, Ratna Kumar Annabattula, K. S. Reddy, Ali Abbas, Minh Tri Luu, Yixiang Gan
Summary: This study analyzed the performance advantages of the packed bed PCM storage unit design and numerically investigated key geometric parameters. It was found that packed bed units have a larger surface-to-volume ratio and are advantageous in large-scale applications.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kemal Ucler, Ali Kibar, H. Metin Ertunc, Kadri Suleyman Yigit
Summary: This study examines the storage of solar energy as thermal energy using a special heat storage unit designed to store solar energy in liquid, stones, and phase change material. By experimenting, it was found that direct contact of solar radiation with stones can significantly improve the performance of the heat storage unit, providing a new feasible approach for heating.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhenpeng Deng, Yongle Nian, Qun Liu, Wen -long Cheng
Summary: A novel PCM-grouted borehole heat exchanger (BHE) is proposed for all-season operation using a single shape-stabilized PCM (SSPCM) with phase change hysteresis (PCH). A heat transfer model considering PCH is established to evaluate the thermal performance of the BHE. Results show that octadecane SSPCM with PCH exhibits the best comprehensive performance, with energy storage rates of 68.9 W/m in heating and 75.9 W/m in cooling, higher than conventional BHE with backfill material.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Abu Raihan Mohammad Siddique, Mehran Bozorgi, Kumar Venkateshwar, Syeda Tasnim, Shohel Mahmud
Summary: In this study, a PCM enhanced TE Peltier module-based cooler was proposed for refrigeration and storage applications in the food industry. An organic PCM with a melting temperature of 2°C was used to provide passive cooling and maintain the temperature below 4°C. The prototype showed superior performance compared to a commercially available cooler, maintaining a temperature below 4°C for an infinite time at maximum and minimum energy input.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Massimo Fiorentini, Philipp Heer, Luca Baldini
Summary: This paper proposes an optimization model and a non-convex optimization formulation for the design optimization of borehole thermal energy storage systems. The results of the study show that the optimal seasonal storage size and operating conditions of the system can vary with changing boundary conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yongzhi Tang, Zhongliang Liu, Yanxia Li, Zhifeng Huang, Kian Jon Chua
Summary: This study investigates the mixing efficiency and entrainment performance in a steam ejector system, detailing the mixing process, growth of mixing layer, and mass transfer of two streams. It was found that the entrainment ratio and non-mixing length ratio have a linear correlation with the mass transfer ratio, and operational parameters can significantly affect the mass transfer capacity of the entrained flow. The easier the entrained flow mixes into the primary jet flow, the faster the mixing layer growth and higher entrainment performance achieved.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yongzhi Tang, Zhongliang Liu, Yanxia Li, Fei Zhao, Pengyan Fan, Kian Jon Chua
Summary: A novel ejector model with species transport is proposed to analyze the mixing process between primary and entrained flows within the steam ejector. Systematic quantitative analysis is performed on mass, momentum and energy transfer perspectives, revealing that mixing mainly occurs near the local mixing layer. The study shows that essential mass mixing laws of the two streams are not necessarily achieved through momentum or energy transfer perspectives.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hongzhang Wang, Sen Chen, Haowei Li, Xianzhe Chen, Jiashu Cheng, Yunlin Shao, Chenglin Zhang, Jie Zhang, Linlin Fan, Hao Chang, Rui Guo, Xuelin Wang, Nan Li, Liang Hu, Yen Wei, Jing Liu
Summary: The study introduces a method for magnetic manipulation of non-magnetic objects using transitional ferrofluid (TF). A gripper made of TF can generate strong interlocking force at room temperature and be eliminated through melting.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jie Lin, Muhammad W. Shahzad, Jianwei Li, Jianyu Long, Chuan Li, Kian Jon Chua
Summary: Dew point evaporative cooling is energy efficient and widely used. By coupling analysis and regression, model optimization can be achieved to improve efficiency. Experimental data show that the regression model successfully predicts cooler performance and guides optimization design.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yangda Wan, Zhifeng Huang, Alexander Soh, Xin Cui, Kian Jon Chua
Summary: This study investigates the transport phenomena of a novel dew-point evaporative cooler, utilizing mathematical modeling and experimental data validation to confirm the performance of the cooler. Key findings reveal that the novel type 1 flow configuration achieves the highest cooling efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Y. L. Shao, K. Y. Soh, Y. D. Wan, Z. F. Huang, M. R. Islam, K. J. Chua
Summary: This study establishes a multi-objective optimization model for a novel LNG recovery system, achieving maximization of exergy efficiency and CO2 savings rate while maintaining consistency in performance across a range of LNG flow rates.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jie Lin, Kyaw Thu, Somasundaram Karthik, Muhammad Wakil Shahzad, Ruzhu Wang, Kian Jon Chua
Summary: This study investigates the transient behavior of a dew point evaporative cooler and its impact on dynamic cooling performance. It is found that the product air temperature has a large time constant under zero-state response, leading to deviation of cooling performance over a long period. By developing models and conducting exergy analysis, it is revealed that air mixing process in the dry channel contributes to the slow transient responses, highlighting the importance of considering transient behavior in cooler design and optimization.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Ashwin Seetharaman, Hamed Keramati, Kollengode Ramanathan, Matthew E. Cove, Sangho Kim, Kian Jon Chua, Hwa Liang Leo
Summary: The study utilized computational fluid dynamics to explore the effects of aortic geometry on VA-ECMO treatment and the fluid dynamics characteristics of patients during therapy. Results indicated that streamwise vorticity and aortic arch geometry strongly influence the mixing zone, while pulsatility can cause instability in ECMO flow.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yongzhi Tang, Jiali Yuan, Zhongliang Liu, Qing Feng, Xiaolong Gong, Lin Lu, Kian Jon Chua
Summary: This study establishes an experimental platform to investigate the evolution laws of two-phase choking flow and entrainment performance of a steam ejector under different operating parameters, and develops a matching double-choking theory considering the condensing flow. The results show that two-phase choking flows significantly affect the ejector's entrainment performance.
Article
Thermodynamics
W. D. Chen, K. J. Chua
Summary: In CCHP systems, there is a load mismatch between consumer's demand and the system's supply. Existing operating methods fail to provide optimal strategies, which may result in energy waste. This study proposes a novel operating strategy map that offers improved energy-saving performance and optimal load matching solutions.
Article
Thermodynamics
P. Vivekh, S. D. Pei, W. Pang, G. Cheng
Summary: Air-conditioners have traditionally had shortcomings due to the need to keep the cooling coil temperature below the air's dew point. The use of desiccant wheel dehumidifiers, however, can improve energy efficiency by providing independent humidity control. Despite previous studies, a comprehensive understanding of the temperature and humidity distributions of desiccant wheels is lacking. This study developed a mathematical model to analyze temperature, humidity, and reaction distributions, with a maximum discrepancy of +/- 10%. The model revealed the benefits of countercurrent airflow configuration and the optimal regeneration angles in different temperature ranges. Additionally, increasing the wheel's rotation speed proved to be a cost-effective way to enhance dehumidification performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRIGERATION
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yalong Sun, Fuye Liang, Heng Tang, Yong Tang, Shiwei Zhang, Kian Jon Chua
Summary: Ultrathin flexible heat pipes (FHP) with Microsoroculum fortunei structural-like wicks were fabricated for cooling flexible electronics. The biomimetic wick, composed of copper mesh and porous micropillars, imitated the veins and spores of Microsoroculum fortunei leaves. FHPs with different thicknesses were made by adjusting the height of the micropillars, achieving high thermal conductivity and good bending heat transfer performance. These FHPs maintained excellent heat transfer performance under natural convection conditions, making them suitable for thermal management of flexible electronics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xin Cui, Chuanjun Yang, Weichao Yan, Lianying Zhang, Yangda Wan, Kian Jon Chua
Summary: Indirect evaporative cooling (IEC) is made more efficient and effective with the use of a novel tubular indirect evaporative cooler (TIEC) based on moisture-conducting fiber. The selected Coolmax moisture-conductive fiber enhances water migration and diffusion, leading to improved wetting performance and higher cooling efficiency. Experimental investigations under various conditions have resulted in an optimal TIEC configuration scheme with intermittent spraying strategy.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
K. J. Chua, M. R. Islam
Summary: The study introduces a blended learning environment where concepts from a flipped classroom paradigm are applied to project-based learning. By comparing traditional project-based learning with the hybrid Project-Based Learning-Flipped Classroom approach, it was found that students in the latter group showed significant improvement in fundamental knowledge, problem-solving abilities, and design skills.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong Cheng, Fukai Song, Lei Fu, Saishuai Dai, Zhiming Yuan, Atilla Incecik
Summary: This paper investigates the accessibility of wave energy absorption by a dual-pontoon floating breakwater integrated with hybrid-type wave energy converters (WECs) and proposes a hydraulic-pneumatic complementary energy extraction method. The performance of the system is validated through experiments and comparative analysis.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jing Gao, Chao Wang, Zhanwu Wang, Jin Lin, Runkai Zhang, Xin Wu, Guangyin Xu, Zhenfeng Wang
Summary: This study aims to establish a new integrated method for biomass cogeneration project site selection, with a focus on the application of the model in Henan Province. By integrating Geographic Information System and Multiple Criterion Decision Making methods, the study conducts site selection in two stages, providing a theoretical reference for the construction of biomass cogeneration projects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mert Temiz, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: The current study presents a hybrid small modular nuclear reactor and solar-based system for sustainable communities, integrating floating and bifacial photovoltaic arrays with a small modular reactor. The system efficiently generates power, hydrogen, ammonia, freshwater, and heat for residential, agricultural, and aquaculture facilities. Thermodynamic analysis shows high energy and exergy efficiencies, as well as large-scale ammonia production meeting the needs of metropolitan areas. The hybridization of nuclear and solar technologies offers advantages of reliability, environmental friendliness, and cost efficiency compared to renewable-alone and fossil-based systems.
Editorial Material
Thermodynamics
Wojciech Stanek, Wojciech Adamczyk
Article
Thermodynamics
Desheng Xu, Yanfeng Li, Tianmei Du, Hua Zhong, Youbo Huang, Lei Li, Xiangling Duanmu
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of hybrid mechanical-natural ventilation for smoke control in complex metro stations. The results show that atrium fires are more significantly impacted by outdoor temperature variations compared to concourse/platform fires. The gathered high-temperature smoke inside the atrium can reach up to 900 K under a 5 MW train fire energy release. The findings provide crucial engineering insights into integrating weather data and adaptable ventilation protocols for smoke prevention/mitigation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Da Guo, Heping Xie, Mingzhong Gao, Jianan Li, Zhiqiang He, Ling Chen, Cong Li, Le Zhao, Dingming Wang, Yiwei Zhang, Xin Fang, Guikang Liu, Zhongya Zhou, Lin Dai
Summary: This study proposes a new in-situ pressure-preserved coring tool and elaborates its pressure-preserving mechanism. The experimental and field test results demonstrate that this tool has a high pressure-preservation capability and can maintain a stable pressure in deep wells. This study provides a theoretical framework and design standards for the development of similar technologies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Aolin Lai, Qunwei Wang
Summary: This study assesses the impact of China's de-capacity policy on renewable energy development efficiency (REDE) using the Global-MSBM model and the difference-in-differences method. The findings indicate that the policy significantly enhances REDE, promoting technological advancements and marketization. Moreover, regions with stricter environmental regulations experience a higher impact.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Ghasemi, Hegazy Rezk
Summary: This study utilizes fuzzy modeling and optimization to enhance the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). By simulating and analyzing experimental data sets, the ideal parameter values for increasing power density, COD elimination, and coulombic efficiency were determined. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy model and optimization methods can significantly improve the performance of MFCs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhang Ruan, Lianzhong Huang, Kai Wang, Ranqi Ma, Zhongyi Wang, Rui Zhang, Haoyang Zhao, Cong Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a grey box model for fuel consumption prediction of wing-diesel hybrid vessels based on feature construction. By using both parallel and series grey box modeling methods and six machine learning algorithms, twelve combinations of prediction models are established. A feature construction method based on the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the energy relationship of the hybrid system is introduced. The best combination is obtained by considering the root mean square error, and it shows improved accuracy compared to the white box model. The proposed grey box model can accurately predict the daily fuel consumption of wing-diesel hybrid vessels, contributing to operational optimization and the greenization and decarbonization of the shipping industry.
Article
Thermodynamics
Huayi Chang, Nico Heerink, Junbiao Zhang, Ke He
Summary: This study examines the interaction between off-farm employment decisions between couples and household clean energy consumption in rural China, and finds that two-paycheck households are more likely to consume clean energy. The off-farm employment of women is a key factor driving household clean energy consumption to a higher level, with wage-employed wives having a stronger influence on these decisions than self-employed ones.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hanguan Wen, Xiufeng Liu, Ming Yang, Bo Lei, Xu Cheng, Zhe Chen
Summary: Demand-side management is crucial to smart energy systems. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to understand the relationship between energy consumption patterns and household characteristics for better DSM services. The proposed method uses a clustering algorithm to generate optimal customer groups for DSM and a deep learning model for training. The model can predict the possibility of DSM membership for a given household. The results demonstrate the usefulness of weekly energy consumption data and household socio-demographic information for distinguishing consumer groups and the potential for targeted DSM strategies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinglan Hou, Xiuping Zhong, Shuaishuai Nie, Yafei Wang, Guigang Tu, Yingrui Ma, Kunyan Liu, Chen Chen
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of utilizing a multi-level horizontal branch well heat recovery system in the Qiabuqia geothermal field. The research systematically investigates the effects of various engineering parameters on production temperature, establishes mathematical models to describe their relationships, and evaluates the economic viability of the system. The findings demonstrate the significant economic feasibility of the multi-level branch well system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Longxin Zhang, Songtao Wang, Site Hu
Summary: This investigation reveals the influence of tip leakage flow on the modern transonic rotor and finds that the increase of tip clearance size leads to a decline in rotor performance. However, an optimal tip clearance size can extend the rotor's stall margin.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristian Gjoka, Behzad Rismanchi, Robert H. Crawford
Summary: This paper proposes a framework for assessing the performance of 5GDHC systems and demonstrates it through a case study in a university campus in Melbourne, Australia. The results show that 5GDHC systems are a cost-effective and environmentally viable solution in mild climates, and their successful implementation in Australia can create new market opportunities and potential adoption in other countries with similar climatic conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianwei Li, Guotai Wang, Panpan Yang, Yongshuang Wen, Leian Zhang, Rujun Song, Chengwei Hou
Summary: This study proposes an orientation-adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester by introducing a rotatable bluff body, which allows for self-regulation to cater for changing wind flow direction. Experimental results show that the output power of the energy harvester can be greatly enhanced with increased rotatory inertia of the rotating bluff body, providing a promising solution for harnessing wind-induced vibration energy.
