Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mahdi Mosayebi, Seyed Mohammad Sadeghzadeh, Meysam Gheisarnejad, Mohammad Hassan Khooban
Summary: This article presents an intelligent and fast controller for parallel dc-dc converters in islanded dc microgrids in shipboard power systems, aiming to provide fast response, proper voltage regulation, and optimal current sharing. The proposed control approach combines nonlinear I-V droop control, intelligent single-input interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller, and sliding mode control to improve voltage regulation and current-sharing accuracy. By utilizing extended state observer and dynamic consensus algorithm, coordinated control between distributed generators in shipboard power systems is achieved with validated effectiveness through hardware-in-the-loop experiments.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ye-Rin Kim, Jae-Myeong Kim, Jae-Jung Jung, So-Yeon Kim, Jae-Hak Choi, Hyun-Goo Lee
Summary: This paper introduces the comprehensive design of DC shipboard power system for pure electric propulsion ship based on battery energy storage system, using a 2 MW propulsion car ferry as the target vessel. The methodology includes considerations such as ship operation profile decision, BESS capacity selection, power conversion system configuration for propulsion, battery charging/discharging procedures, system operation modes classification, and efficiency analysis. It was validated qualitatively and quantitatively by MATLAB Simulink tool to assist in designing real ships before system commissioning.
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Luona Xu, Josep M. Guerrero, Abderezak Lashab, Baoze Wei, Najmeh Bazmohammadi, Juan C. Vasquez, Abdullah Abusorrah
Summary: This article presents a review of coordinated control strategies, stability analysis, and fault management for dc shipboard microgrids. It discusses load characteristics, energy management systems, voltage stability, shipboard protection system requirements and solutions, as well as the developing trends of existing commercial dc ships.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Daeseong Park, Mehdi Zadeh
Summary: This article proposes a framework for the stability analysis and control testing of marine hybrid power systems with dc power architecture. The proposed framework develops a dynamic model of the entire system and conducts a series of dynamic analyses and tests to identify stability challenges. The results show that the interaction of high- and low-level controls significantly affects the system dynamics.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yuji Zeng, Qinjin Zhang, Yancheng Liu, Xuzhou Zhuang, Long Che, Miao Niu, Xianglu Zheng
Summary: A dynamic balancing control strategy for State-of-Charge (SoC) in distributed energy storage units (DESUs) is proposed in this paper, considering system communication failure and energy storage capacity difference. The strategy successfully achieves SoC balancing and proper current sharing in a DC shipboard microgrid, demonstrating effective reduction in bus voltage deviation under both normal and failure communication conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Faysal Hardan, Rosemary Norman, Pietro Tricoli
Summary: Moving towards more electric ships with sustainable designs can help reduce the carbon footprint of global transportation systems. This paper presents a shipboard AC/DC microgrid with a supercapacitor system that can support the ship's power system and enhance its operational reliability under harsh loading scenarios.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Leonel Estrada, Joaquin Vaquero, Alba Rodriguez-Lorente, Jaime Arau, Angel de Castro, Alberto Sanchez, Nimrod Vazquez
Summary: This paper presents an asynchronous and decoupled Hardware-In-the-Loop simulation of a DC nanogrid. The proposal achieves different integration times for each element, improving simulation efficiency without compromising result accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Juan P. Torreglosa, Enrique Gonzalez-Rivera, Pablo Garcia-Trivino, David Vera
Summary: This paper presents a high-fidelity benchmark for hybrid-electric vessels, combining diesel generators and batteries. The proposed hybrid-electric ship topology and control system were validated using real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulations, providing detailed analysis of the system's performance under varying conditions.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Luona Xu, Jose Matas, Baoze Wei, Yun Yu, Yongjie Luo, Juan C. Vasquez, Josep M. Guerrero
Summary: Pulsed power load (PPL) is a special load type in shipboard microgrids (SMGs), which requires high transient power transfer with fast dynamics and strong robustness. This paper presents an improved pulsed power supply (PPS) control method using a nonlinear sliding mode control (SMC) method to achieve fast voltage regulation and robust pulse power tracking. The PPS system configuration, coordination principle, SMC controllers, and sizing of passive elements are analyzed in detail. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the presented PPS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Hong Zeng, Yuanhao Zhao, Tianjian Wang, Jundong Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a defense strategy to detect and mitigate false data injection attacks on ship direct current microgrids. By training an artificial neural network model and comparing the error between estimated and measured values with a threshold generated from history data, the method successfully identifies and mitigates false data injection attacks.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Hong Zeng, Yuanhao Zhao, Xuming Wang, Taishan He, Jundong Zhang
Summary: This study proposes a power distribution approach to address the issue of uneven power distribution of distributed generation in a ship DC microgrid. Power control is carried out using a tracking differentiator, while ensuring quick state-of-charge balance and reducing communication pressure on the power grid. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the suggested strategy.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hafiz Muhammad Mehdi, Muhammad Kashif Azeem, Iftikhar Ahmad
Summary: This paper presents a nonlinear control method for renewable energy and hybrid energy storage system (HESS) based DC microgrid (DCMG). The renewable sources are PV and wind energy, while the HESS includes fuel cell, battery, and ultracapacitor. The global mathematical model of the system is presented, and Artificial Neural Network is used to train datasets of varying solar irradiance and temperature for PV reference voltage generation. An integral terminal sliding mode controller (ITSMC) is proposed for the regulation of output DC bus voltage, and the Lyapunov stability criterion ensures the stability of the system. A comparison of ITSMC with other controllers is conducted, and an application of DCMG is presented for a grid connected battery electric vehicle charger with G2V and V2G modes. The proposed system is validated using MATLAB/Simulink (2020b), and the real-time applicability of the proposed controller is observed using a hardware-in-loop setup.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Feilong Fan, Venkataraman Aditya, Yan Xu, Benjamin Cheong, Amit K. Gupta
Summary: This study proposes a coordinated operation strategy for a ship microgrid with hybrid propulsion systems to minimize operation costs and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The strategy consists of a pre-voyage scheduling stage and an intra-voyage operation stage.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Zhao-Xia Xiao, Yu-Zhe Guan, Hong-Wei Fang, Yacine Terriche, Josep M. Guerrero
Summary: This paper proposes a hierarchical coordinated control for dc shipboard microgrids, which includes primary control level and power management system to achieve coordinated operation of power sources.
IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
G. Rigatos, M. A. Hamida, M. Abbaszadeh, P. Siano
Summary: The article discusses the structure and control methods for shipboard AC/DC microgrids, and presents a simple and efficient algorithm for the nonlinear optimal control problem of shipboard microgrids.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Camilla Fruzzetti, Silvia Donnarumma, Michele Martelli
Summary: This paper presents a systematic approach to evaluate vessel performance parameters in target tracking motion control scenarios, formalizing three guidance laws and analyzing their effects. Through virtual testing and sensitivity analysis, the impact of each parameter was discovered. Results show the advantages and disadvantages of each law, with suggestions for parameter settings.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
M. Martelli, M. Figari
Summary: This paper summarizes the research activities on propulsion systems of naval vessels using simulation techniques, including theoretical modeling, mathematical models, and experimental validation. The simulation framework allows for the design, validation, and calibration of propulsion control systems before installation, reducing commissioning time for ships.
Article
Engineering, Marine
M. Martelli, N. Faggioni, S. Donnarumma
Summary: This paper presents a procedure for designing a Dynamic Positioning system and evaluating its performance using a dynamic approach. The proposed procedure provides results in a novelty manner, named Time-domain Dynamic Positioning Capability Plots, which were obtained by a model-based design approach using a ship's dynamic simulator. The comparison between static capability plots and the capability plots obtained by several dynamic simulations has been provided, presented, and discussed.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Benedetto Piaggio, Michele Viviani, Michele Martelli, Massimo Figari
Summary: This paper discusses the manoeuvring characterization of a wider class of Azimuthal Stern Drive Escort tugs (ASD) and develops a real-time parametric manoeuvring simulation code. Through validation with model-scale tests and full-scale measurements, it is found that the simulation code can accurately predict the manoeuvrability of the tug.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Francesco Conte, Fabio D'Agostino, Bruno Gabriele, Giacomo-Piero Schiapparelli, Federico Silvestro
Summary: This paper introduces an algorithm that uses measurements collected by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) to detect and localize faults in Active Distribution Networks. The algorithm is designed to work when all grid buses are equipped with a PMU, and it can also work with a reduced number of PMUs based on formal observability conditions. An Optimal Positioning Algorithm is also designed to allow customization of fault localization resolution. The approach is validated through simulations on a benchmark active distribution network.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
N. Faggioni, F. Ponzini, M. Martelli
Summary: Nowadays, research is focused on developing enabling technologies for autonomous navigation. Investigations cover various industries and the automotive sector has achieved significant results. However, due to the lack of large training datasets, this paper proposes a multi-object tracking method based on unsupervised learning for the challenging marine environment.
Review
Engineering, Marine
Claire DeMarco Muscat-Fenech, Tonio Sant, Vito Vasilis Zheku, Diego Villa, Michele Martelli
Summary: The hydrodynamic interaction between ships in harbours or inland waterways is a classical research area. Numerical simulation has become the most widely adopted method to investigate this problem.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Francesco Conte, Fabio D'Agostino, Federico Silvestro
Summary: Modern ports are transforming into smart grids and smart energy hubs, with electric energy needs dominating. Cold ironing, also known as onshore power supply or alternate marine power, is one of the most energy-demanding applications. The power demand of berthed ships varies from hundreds of kW for container ships to tens of MW for cruise ships.
IEEE ELECTRIFICATION MAGAZINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Benedetto Piaggio, Vittorio Garofano, Silvia Donnarumma, Angelo Alessandri, Rudy Negenborn, Michele Martelli
Summary: A novel approach for controlling azimuth-driven vessels is proposed and experimentally tested. The approach includes line-of-sight algorithm for yaw-check ability and speed regulation for velocity tracking. The results of outdoor experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Pietro Cassara, Maria Di Summa, Alberto Gotta, Michele Martelli
Summary: A distributed decision support system has been developed to assist seafarers in navigation tasks, such as collision avoidance and future autonomous navigation. The system is based on a customized simulation model and utilizes sensors to monitor and collect environmental and ship parameters. Telemetry and calculated routes are visualized using wearable visors and replicated ashore through a narrow-band satellite link, allowing remote seafarers to supervise the situation in a virtual reality environment.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Camilla Fruzzetti, Silvia Donnarumma, Francesca Maggiani, Michele Martelli
Summary: This paper explains the working principle and core modules of a dynamic positioning system, as well as how to optimize the thrust allocation algorithm. The authors also propose a new optimization procedure that takes into account hydrodynamic effects and evaluates greenhouse gas emissions in probabilistic terms. This method can be used for ship deployment decision-making.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART M-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR THE MARITIME ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Diego Cirio, Francesco Conte, Bruno Gabriele, Chiara Gandolfi, Stefano Massucco, Marco R. Rapizza, Federico Silvestro
Summary: This paper proposes a control strategy based on Model Predictive Control technique for a unit composed of a Wind Farm and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) to provide a fast frequency regulation service. The approach is tested via Hardware-In-the-Loop simulations and proves to be effective.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Transportation Science & Technology
M. Martelli, S. Zuskin, R. Zaccone, I. Rudan
Summary: Despite the focus on Maritime Education and Training and improved sensor capability, groundings and collisions still account for the highest percentage of marine accidents. Most collisions are caused by human error, leading to moderate to severe consequences for the environment and maritime safety. This study presents statistical data on the human element as a root cause of marine incidents and the misunderstanding of collision regulations. A decision support system architecture is also proposed, which uses proper sensor input data to detect potential collision risks and provide appropriate action suggestions. The system, based on AIS and intended for onboard use independent of ship automation, has been shown to significantly reduce the number of collisions.
TRANSNAV-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON MARINE NAVIGATION AND SAFETY OF SEA TRANSPORTATION
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Nicolo Faggioni, Nicola Leonardi, Filippo Ponzini, Luca Sebastiani, Michele Martelli
Summary: This paper presents an alternative approach that integrates unsupervised and supervised learning algorithms for the detection and tracking of both fixed and moving obstacles. A virtual scenario was developed to collect data by emulating the LiDAR and camera behavior, and unsupervised clustering algorithms were tested to evaluate their pros and cons.
MODELLING AND SIMULATION FOR AUTONOMOUS SYSTEMS (MESAS 2021)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
F. Conte, B. Gabriele, G-P Schiapparelli, F. Silvestro, C. Bossi, M. Cabiati
Summary: This paper investigates fault detection and localization in active distribution networks using PMUs. The proposed algorithm computes weighted least squares state estimates to detect, characterize, and localize faults, with a criteria to minimize the number of PMUs required. By defining an optimization problem based on system observability conditions, the positions of PMUs are set to achieve desired fault localization resolution. Performance of the strategy is tested through simulations on a benchmark distribution system.
2021 IEEE MADRID POWERTECH
(2021)