Article
Pediatrics
Guangyi Wang, Gabriel L. Schwartz, Min Hee Kim, Justin S. White, M. Maria Glymour, Sean Reardon, Kiarri N. Kershaw, Scarlett Lin Gomez, Pushkar P. Inamdar, Rita Hamad
Summary: This study found that school racial segregation has a negative impact on the health and health behaviors of Black children, contributing to health inequities across their life span. It highlights the importance of promoting school racial integration and providing support for Black youth attending segregated schools.
Article
Ethnic Studies
Angie Denisse Otiniano Verissimo, Gilbert C. Gee, Christine Grella
Summary: This study aims to assess the relationship between substance use disorders (SUD) and intersectional discrimination, specifically the intersection of racial/ethnic discrimination and gender discrimination. The results show that intersectional discrimination is associated with an increased probability of SUD, particularly among women and certain racial/ethnic groups. These findings have important implications for policy development and interventions that address intersectionality.
CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Economics
Isaac Koomson, Sefa Awaworyi Churchill
Summary: This study examines the link between employment precarity and energy poverty from racial and ethnic perspectives and finds racial and ethnic heterogeneities. Labour income is identified as an important pathway through which employment precarity influences energy poverty.
Review
Social Issues
Martin D. Ruck, Diane L. Hughes, Erika Y. Niwa
Summary: Ethnicity and race are crucial in shaping how children and youth develop, and ethnic-racial socialization plays a vital role in their understanding of these concepts. Most research focuses on parents as primary agents of socialization, often using survey methods and concentrating on US populations. Future studies should explore how individuals, interactions, and environments communicate messages about ethnicity and race to young people.
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ISSUES
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Tessa Nalven, Nichea S. Spillane, Joseph S. Rossi
Summary: The study found that multiracial individuals have higher levels of experienced racial discrimination and heavy alcohol use compared to other monoracial minority groups, but lower levels of racial identity affiliation.
ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Hannah E. Jongsma, Charlotte Gayer-Anderson, Ilaria Tarricone, Eva Velthorst, Els van der Ven, Diego Quattrone, Marta di Forti, Paulo Rossi Menezes, Christina Marta Del-Ben, Celso Arango, Antonio Lasalvia, Domenico Berardi, Caterina La Cascia, Julio Bobes, Miguel Bernardo, Julio Sanjuan, Jose Luis Santos, Manuel Arrojo, Lieuwe de Haan, Andrea Tortelli, Andrei Szoke, Robin M. Murray, Bart P. Rutten, Jim van Os, Craig Morgan, Peter B. Jones, James B. Kirkbride
Summary: The study found that social disadvantage and linguistic distance contribute to the increased risk of psychotic disorders among ethnic minority groups. Adjusting for these factors led to a similar risk level between several ethnic minority groups and the white majority.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rachel Hennein, Petty Tineo, Jessica Bonumwezi, Hannah Gorman, Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako, Sarah R. Lowe
Summary: The study focused on assessing the prevalence, perpetrators, and narratives of racial discrimination among healthcare workers in academic hospitals. Findings showed that a significant percentage of healthcare workers of color, especially females from underrepresented backgrounds and Asian males, reported experiencing discrimination. Discrimination was reported from various sources including patients, teachers, supervisors, co-workers, and institutions. The study also highlighted that the murder of George Floyd intensified URM healthcare workers' experiences of discrimination and that Asian healthcare workers faced discrimination related to pandemic-related anti-Asian violence. The study concluded with recommendations for hospitals to create programs that improve inclusivity and support for healthcare workers.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jun Sung Hong, Dong Ha Kim, Simon C. Hunter, Leah R. Cleeland, Carol A. Lee, Jane J. Lee, Jinwon Kim
Summary: The study examined the rates of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use among White, African American, and Latino adolescents and found that different racial/ethnic bullying subtypes were associated with varying substance use behaviors among these groups. White victim-only adolescents were more likely to use alcohol, African American bully/victim group was more likely to use marijuana, and Latino bully/victim group was more likely to use tobacco. These findings have implications for prevention and intervention programs targeting different racial/ethnic adolescent groups.
JOURNAL OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Donglan Zhang, Gang Li, Lu Shi, Emily Martin, Zhuo Chen, Jian Li, Liwei Chen, Yan Li, Ming Wen, Baojiang Chen, Hongmei Li, Dejun Su, Xuesong Han
Summary: This study investigates the association of racial discrimination with delaying or forgoing care during the pandemic. The results show that racial discrimination is significantly associated with delayed or forgone healthcare among non-Hispanic Blacks, Hispanics, and East/Southeast Asians. Addressing racism is important for reducing disparities in healthcare delivery during the pandemic and beyond.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bennett Allen, Cale Basaraba, Thomas Corbeil, Bianca D. Rivera, Frances R. Levin, Diana M. Martinez, Katharina Schultebraucks, Brandy F. Henry, Harold A. Pincus, Caroline Arout, Noa Krawczyk
Summary: Substance use disorders (SUD) and racial/ethnic minority are factors that increase the risks of severe COVID-19 outcomes. This retrospective cohort study analyzes the effects of patient race/ethnicity on COVID-19 severity among individuals with SUD. The findings show that Non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic/Latino, and Asian/Pacific Islander patients with SUD have a higher prevalence of adverse COVID-19 outcomes compared to non-Hispanic white patients.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Sarah E. Zemore, Paul A. Gilbert, Miguel Pinedo, Shiori Tsutsumi, Briana McGeough, Daniel L. Dickerson
Summary: Mutual help groups are widely used as an effective treatment adjunct in the substance abuse treatment system in the United States. However, comprehensive reviews have not examined racial/ethnic disparities in mutual help group participation, with studies showing mostly null or mixed effects in racial/ethnic comparisons. Some weak indications of disparities were found for Latinx populations, Black women, and adolescents, highlighting the need for further research in this area due to inconsistent and sparse data.
ALCOHOL RESEARCH-CURRENT REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Rose M. C. Kagawa, Christopher D. McCort, Julia Schleimer, Veronica A. Pear, Amanda Charbonneau, Shani A. L. Buggs, Garen J. Wintemute, Hannah S. Laqueur
Summary: This study estimates disparities in DUI convictions relative to the frequency of alcohol-impaired driving among racial/ethnic groups in California. Latino/Hispanic men had higher DUI conviction rates compared to White men, suggesting racial bias in DUI convictions. Actions to reduce biases could lead to more equitable DUI conviction rates.
CRIMINOLOGY & PUBLIC POLICY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Carolyn E. Sartor, Jacqueline Woerner, Angela M. Haeny
Summary: The study found that both everyday discrimination and major discrimination are associated with alcohol use and smoking behavior in Black adults. Education level influences the relationship between everyday discrimination and alcohol use, while major discrimination is independently correlated with alcohol use. For smoking behavior, everyday discrimination is associated with increased risk, and there is an interaction between major discrimination and age cohort.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
George Pro, Ricky Camplain, Charles H. Lea
Summary: Racial discrimination and racial identity are associated with days incarcerated, with varying effects among different racial/ethnic groups. Interventions targeting incarceration prevention should take into account the unique experiences of the most marginalized individuals within each racial/ethnic group.
Article
Political Science
Jeffrey Olivet, Catriona Wilkey, Molly Richard, Marc Dones, Julia Tripp, Maya Beit-Arie, Svetlana Yampolskaya, Regina Cannon
Summary: The study found that Black/African Americans and Native Americans were the most overrepresented among those experiencing homelessness in each community, and factors associated with homelessness for people of color include barriers to housing and economic mobility, racism and discrimination within homeless services, and involvement in multiple systems, including criminal justice.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Letter
Psychology, Clinical
Hans Oh, Ai Koyanagi
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
San Lee, Keum Hwa Lee, Kyung Mee Park, Sung Jong Park, Won Jae Kim, Jinhee Lee, Andreas Kronbichler, Lee Smith, Marco Solmi, Brendon Stubbs, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Andrew Stickley, Trevor Thompson, Elena Dragioti, Hans Oh, Andre R. Brunoni, Andre F. Carvalho, Joaquim Radua, Suk Kyoon An, Kee Namkoong, Eun Lee, Jae Il Shin, Paolo Fusar-Poli
Summary: Errors in data extraction may account for discrepancies in previous meta-analyses on the association between depression and inflammatory biomarkers.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lee Smith, Damiano Pizzol, Guillermo F. Lopez-Sanchez, Hans Oh, Louis Jacob, Lin Yang, Nicola Veronese, Pinar Soysal, Daragh McDermott, Yvonne Barnett, Laurie Butler, Ai Koyanagi
Summary: This study investigated the association between body weight and anxiety symptoms in older adults from low and middle income countries. The results showed that underweight and class III obesity were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms, with class III obesity only affecting males. Further research is needed to understand the reason behind this association.
WIENER KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Samantha Y. Jay, Jordan DeVylder, Jason Schiffman, Steven C. Pitts, Jonathan Marsh, Sasha Zhou, Hans Oh
Summary: The suicide rate among college students is high, and psychosis-like experiences (PLEs) are associated with increased risk. Certain subtypes of PLEs, such as delusional mood, suspiciousness, and hallucinatory experiences, contribute to a higher likelihood of suicide outcomes. Additionally, the number of PLEs endorsed is dose-dependently related to all three suicide outcomes.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Hans Oh, Ravi Rajkumar, Rachel Banawa, Sasha Zhou, Ai Koyanagi
Summary: This study analyzed the relationship between illicit and prescription drug use among college students and psychotic experiences. The results showed that various drug use was associated with psychotic experiences, even when accounting for alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use.
JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Louis Jacob, Jae Il Shin, Guillermo F. Lopez-Sanchez, Josep Maria Haro, Ai Koyanagi, Karel Kostev, Laurie Butler, Yvonne Barnett, Hans Oh, Lee Smith
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between asthma and work absence in a large sample of US working adults, while controlling for several sociodemographic and health characteristics. The results showed that individuals with asthma were more likely to report at least one or three days of absence from work in the past 12 months than those without asthma. Furthermore, after adjusting for all control variables, asthma was positively and significantly associated with work absence.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Joseph E. Glass, Caitlin N. Dorsey, Tara Beatty, Jennifer F. Bobb, Edwin S. Wong, Lorella Palazzo, Deborah King, Jessica Mogk, Kelsey Stefanik-Guizlo, Abisola Idu, Dustin Key, John C. Fortney, Rosemarie Thomas, Angela Garza McWethy, Ryan M. Caldeiro, Katharine A. Bradley
Summary: This study aims to test two implementation strategies for the successful integration of prescription digital therapeutics into primary care and to evaluate their cost-effectiveness. It is a hybrid type III cluster-randomized trial involving 22 primary care clinics and patients with substance use disorder. The implementation strategies include practice facilitation and health coaching, and outcome data are collected from electronic health records and logs of digital therapeutic usage. The study will provide valuable insights into the application and cost-effectiveness of digital therapeutics.
IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hilary Luderer, Nicole Enman, Robert Gerwien, Stephen Braun, Samantha McStocker, Xiaorui Xiong, Carrington Koebele, Christopher Cannon, Joseph Glass, Yuri Maricich
Summary: This article introduces a software called PEAR-002b that aims to assist individuals with opioid use disorder in initiating buprenorphine treatment without supervision. The research objective is to evaluate the acceptability of PEAR-002b, the success rate of unsupervised buprenorphine initiation, and medication adherence.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Social Work
Hans Oh
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive picture of mental health and wellness among young adult college students by examining flourishing and its disparities. The analysis of a large dataset shows that transgender/nonbinary/other gender, sexual minority, Asian American, and Multiracial students have lower odds of flourishing, while Black students have greater odds of flourishing. These disparities in flourishing call for targeted interventions.
SOCIAL WORK IN MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Ethnic Studies
Hans Oh, Connor Martz, Karen D. Lincoln, Robert Joseph Taylor, Enrique W. Neblett, David Chae
Summary: Despite higher exposure to risk factors, Black students in higher education have a lower prevalence of depression and less impairment compared to White students. Racial differences in reports of impairment may explain this paradox, suggesting a need to reconsider the diagnostic criteria for depression.
ETHNICITY & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Hans Oh, Nicole R. Karcher, Nirit Soffer-Dudek, Ai Koyanagi, Megan Besecker, Jordan E. DeVylder
Summary: The abbreviated version of the WHO CIDI psychosis screen yields high prevalence in online samples. Distressing psychotic experiences (PE) are more clinically informative, and individuals with distressing PE have greater odds of mental health outcomes, except for hazardous alcohol use. The use of the abbreviated version of the WHO CIDI psychosis screen may be clinically informative in public health and preventive medicine, especially when eliciting the distressful nature of PE.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF METHODS IN PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Louis Jacob, Lee Smith, Karel Kostev, Hans Oh, Razak M. M. Gyasi, Guillermo F. Lopez F. Sanchez, Tae-Jin Song, Mark A. A. Tully, Josep Maria Haro, Dong Keon Yon, Jae Il Shin, Ai Koyanagi
Summary: Little is known about the relationship between food insecurity and sleep problems in low- and middle-income countries, while the mediators of this association are largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the association between food insecurity and insomnia-related symptoms in six low- and middle-income countries, and the potential mediators of this relationship.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Louis Jacob, Razak M. M. Gyasi, Hans Oh, Lee Smith, Karel Kostev, Guillermo F. Lopez F. Sanchez, Masoud Rahmati, Josep Maria Haro, Mark A. A. Tully, Jae Il Shin, Dong Keon Yon, Ai Koyanagi
Summary: This study found a significant association between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and sarcopenia in older adults from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Analyzing data from six LMICs, the study showed that low LTPA was associated with higher odds of sarcopenia, particularly in women.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Louis Jacob, Karel Kostev, Jae Il Shin, Lee Smith, Hans Oh, Adel S. Abduljabbar, Josep Maria Haro, Ai Koyanagi
Summary: This study investigated the longitudinal association between falls and incident anxiety and depressive symptoms in adults aged ≥50 years living in Ireland. The study found that falls were significantly associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms, but these associations were no longer significant after including fear of falling in the models.
ARCHIVES OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lee Smith, Guillermo F. Lopez F. Sanchez, Mark A. Tully, Louis Jacob, Karel Kostev, Hans Oh, Laurie Butler, Yvonne Barnett, Jae Il Shin, Ai Koyanagi
Summary: This study examined the trends of food insecurity among school-going adolescents aged 12-15 years from 31 countries. The prevalence of food insecurity varied in different countries, with both increasing and decreasing trends observed. It is crucial to take global action to address this issue and achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 2.