Article
Pediatrics
Tianjing Liu, Haifeng Zong, Xiaoyu Chen, Sihang Li, Ziyun Liu, Xuewei Cui, Guoqiang Jia, Yongyan Shi
Summary: The study indicates that necroptosis is an essential pathological process of NEC, with TLR4 possibly acting as a stimulator. Inhibiting intestinal cell necroptosis may be a beneficial strategy in the treatment of NEC.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
K. Brooke Snyder, Alena Golubkova, Tyler Leiva, Chase Calkins, Heather Liebe, Camille Schlegel, Catherine J. Hunter
Summary: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease of premature neonates with substantial morbidity and mortality. This study found that patients with NEC have an increased hyperinflammatory intestinal response compared with those without NEC.
SURGICAL INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Johannes W. W. Duess, Maame E. E. Sampah, Carla M. M. Lopez, Koichi Tsuboi, Daniel J. J. Scheese, Chhinder P. P. Sodhi, David J. J. Hackam
Summary: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease in premature infants, caused by dietary and bacterial factors in a vulnerable host. Intestinal perforation can lead to severe infection and sepsis. Toll-like receptor 4 has been identified as a critical regulator of NEC development. This review article presents recent findings on microbial signaling, the immature immune system, intestinal ischemia, systemic inflammation, and potential therapeutic approaches.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nancy M. Walker, Jinghua Liu, Sarah M. Young, Rowena A. Woode, Lane L. Clarke
Summary: Studies on small intestinal organoids from cystic fibrosis (CF) mice show that goblet cell hyperplasia and increased Toll-like receptor 2/4 expression are not primary manifestations of the CF intestine. Goblet cell hyperplasia in CF mice can be induced by a Tlr2-dependent suppression of Notch signaling in both wild-type and CF intestinal organoids.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Yanhong Mi, Xiaoxiao Xie, Zhongkun Bao, Xiaoyu Xiong, Xinhong Wang, Hongxi Zhang
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the protective effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and its mechanism. Results showed that DMF attenuated NEC-induced weight loss and abdominal distension diarrhea, alleviated intestinal pathological injuries, and inhibited intestinal cell apoptosis. These effects were related to the inhibition of the TLR signaling pathway and alleviation of the inflammatory response.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenjuan Chen, Yanjie Chen, Yun Qian, Jun Zhang, Xiaoshan Hu, Xiangyun Yan, Chengyao Jiang, Shuwen Yao, Qinlei Yu, Xiaohui Chen, Shuping Han
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects of casein-derived peptide YFYPEL on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). YFYPEL integration in the intestine increased survival and clinical conditions, lowered the incidence of NEC, alleviated bowel inflammation, and enhanced intestinal cell migration.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Myoung Kyoung Kim, Tae Yeon Jeon, Kyunga Kim, Yu Jin Kim, So-Young Yoo, Ji Hye Kim, Yun Sil Chang, Sanghoon Lee, Jeong-Meen Seo, Sung-Hoon Moon
Summary: This study investigated the clinical outcomes of ultrasound-detected perforated NEC without radiographic pneumoperitoneum in very preterm infants. The study found that very preterm infants with US-detected perforated NEC without radiographic pneumoperitoneum had a lower risk of death before discharge. This suggests that bowel ultrasounds may have a potential role in surgical decision-making for infants with advanced NEC.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chhinder P. Sodhi, Raheel Ahmad, Hongpeng Jia, William B. Fulton, Carla Lopez, Andres J. Gonzalez Salazar, Asuka Ishiyama, Maame Sampah, Steve Steinway, Sanxia Wang, Thomas Prindle, Menghan Wang, David L. Steed, Howard Wessel, Ziv Kirshner, Larry R. Brown, Peng Lu, David J. Hackam
Summary: This study shows that the secreted product of amniotic progenitor cells, ST266, can prevent and treat necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) through inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, and also affects important genes associated with gut remodeling, immunity, and metabolism. These findings suggest that the amniotic secretome may offer novel therapeutic approaches for NEC.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Walusa Assad Goncalves-Ferri, Cristina Helena Faleiros Ferreira, Laryssa de Carli de Almeida Couto, Thaissa Rodrigues Souza, Thayane de Castro Peres, Fabio Carmona, Davi Casale Aragon, Gerson Crott, Marisa M. Mussi-Pinhata, Jose Simon Camelo Junior, Anelise Roosch, Lourenco Sbragia Neto
Summary: In this study, low technology, mild controlled hypothermia was found to be a feasible, safe, and effective treatment for NEC Modified Bell's Stage II/III. It reduced the need for surgery, bowel perforation, extensive intestinal resection, mortality, and shortened the duration of parenteral nutrition. New approaches like mild controlled hypothermia may provide a promising alternative to conventional treatments for NEC.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Misty Good, Tianjiao Chu, Patricia Shaw, Lila S. Nolan, Joseph Wrobleski, Carlos Castro, Qingqing Gong, Olivia DeWitt, David N. Finegold, David Peters
Summary: Research indicates that surgical NEC is characterized by widespread DNA hypermethylation in the ileum, which may be detectable in stool samples of affected individuals. The pathogenesis of NEC is associated with abnormal DNA methylation and dysregulation of multiple biological pathways.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Yan Wang, Kun Jiang, Qiao Xia, Xia Kang, Shan Wang, Ji-Hong Yu, Wen-Feng Ni, Xiao-Qin Qi, Ying-Na Zhang, Jin-Bao Han, Gang Liu, Lei Hou, Zhi-Chun Feng, Liu-Ming Huang
Summary: This study used 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing to compare and analyze the structure and diversity of microbiotas in the small intestine of neonates. The results showed that there were similar microbiota diversities in neonates. Excessive proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in the small intestine is not the direct cause of intestinal necrosis in infants with NEC. The sources of microbiota in the small intestine of neonates may be affected by multiple factors.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Katherine E. Chetta, Katherine G. Vincent, Bresney Fanning, Ashley B. Klumb, Justin A. Chetta, Allison M. Rohrer, Leslie H. Spence, Jeanne G. Hill
Summary: This study examined whether delayed receipt of antibiotics is associated with disease severity in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The timing of antibiotic administration in medical and surgical NEC cases was compared in a retrospective, single-center cohort study. Delayed antibiotic receipt was more common in surgical NEC cases, and every hour of delay increased the odds of surgical NEC. Further studies are warranted to investigate if optimizing antibiotic timing can improve intestinal outcomes.
Article
Pediatrics
Yusheng Liu, Lingyan Qiao, Xiongwei Wu, Zhong Jiang, Xiwei Hao
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the data of premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) to identify factors associated with an increased probability of surgical treatment. The results showed that lower gestational age, early occurrence of NEC, hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus, and low serum bicarbonate were associated with an increased probability of surgical treatment in preterm infants with NEC.
Review
Pediatrics
Nitin Sajankila, Samantha Jane Wala, Mecklin Victoria Ragan, Samuel Grant Volpe, Zachary Dumbauld, Nanditha Purayil, Belgacem Mihi, Gail E. Besner
Summary: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a complex intestinal disease that primarily affects premature neonates. The use of probiotics is a potential preventative strategy for NEC, but clear guidelines and FDA-approved products are currently lacking. There is ongoing debate about the benefits, safety, and efficacy of probiotics, and further research and product development is needed to support their use in the preterm population.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xiangyun Yan, Yan Cao, Wenjuan Chen, Qinlei Yu, Yanjie Chen, Shuwen Yao, Chengyao Jiang, Xiaohui Chen, Shuping Han
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that (Tat (48-60)) YVEEL protected against NEC by inhibiting TLR4-mediated signaling in a PI3K/AKT dependent manner. This peptide has the potential to be a therapeutic approach for this disease.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
David J. Hackam
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Carolyn Gosztyla, Mitchell R. Ladd, Adam Werts, William Fulton, Blake Johnson, Chhinder Sodhi, David J. Hackam
TISSUE ENGINEERING PART C-METHODS
(2020)
Article
Pediatrics
Darla R. Shores, Jennifer Fundora, Mitzi Go, Fauzia Shakeel, Sandra Brooks, Samuel M. Alaish, Jun Yang, Chhinder P. Sodhi, David J. Hackam, Allen Everett
Article
Pediatrics
Chhinder P. Sodhi, Peter Wipf, Yukihiro Yamaguchi, William B. Fulton, Mark Kovler, Diego F. Nino, Qinjie Zhou, Emilyn Banfield, Adam D. Werts, Mitchell R. Ladd, Rachael H. Buck, Karen C. Goehring, Thomas Prindle, Sanxia Wang, Hongpeng Jia, Peng Lu, David J. Hackam
Summary: The study showed that human milk oligosaccharides 2'-FL and 6'-SL can prevent NEC through inhibition of TLR4 signaling, while lactose cannot. The results indicate that these HMOs reduced NEC occurrence in mouse and piglet models.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Maame Efua S. Sampah, David J. Hackam
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Emilyn Banfield, William Fulton, Irina Burd, Mark L. Kovler, Chhinder P. Sodhi, David J. Hackam
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pediatrics
Chhinder P. Sodhi, Peter Wipf, Yukihiro Yamaguchi, William B. Fulton, Mark Kovler, Diego F. Nino, Qinjie Zhou, Emilyn Banfield, Adam D. Werts, Mitchell R. Ladd, Rachael H. Buck, Karen C. Goehring, Thomas Prindle, Sanxia Wang, Hongpeng Jia, Peng Lu, David J. Hackam
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Qinjie Zhou, Diego F. Nino, Yukihiro Yamaguchi, Sanxia Wang, William B. Fulton, Hongpeng Jia, Peng Lu, Thomas Prindle, David Pamies, Meaghan Morris, Liam L. Chen, Chhinder P. Sodhi, David J. Hackam
Summary: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) can lead to acute intestinal necrosis in premature infants and severe neurological impairment. The activation of toll-like receptor 4 in the intestinal epithelium is associated with NEC-related brain injury, which may be induced by gut-derived IFN-gamma-releasing CD4(+) T cells. Early intervention to manage intestinal inflammation in children with NEC could potentially improve neurological outcomes.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
David J. Hackam, Chhinder P. Sodhi
Summary: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gastrointestinal disease that affects premature infants, causing high morbidity and mortality. Recent research has provided new insights into the pathogenesis of NEC and potential therapies.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
David J. Hackam
Summary: This study suggests that anemia may increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis development through impaired tissue oxygenation, shifting the focus back onto the trigger for blood transfusion rather than the transfused blood itself.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Johannes W. W. Duess, Maame E. E. Sampah, Carla M. M. Lopez, Koichi Tsuboi, Daniel J. J. Scheese, Chhinder P. P. Sodhi, David J. J. Hackam
Summary: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease in premature infants, caused by dietary and bacterial factors in a vulnerable host. Intestinal perforation can lead to severe infection and sepsis. Toll-like receptor 4 has been identified as a critical regulator of NEC development. This review article presents recent findings on microbial signaling, the immature immune system, intestinal ischemia, systemic inflammation, and potential therapeutic approaches.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ailan Zhang, Chhinder P. Sodhi, Menghan Wang, Darla R. Shores, William Fulton, Thomas Prindle, Serena Brosten, Elizabeth O'Hare, Alexander Lau, Hua Ding, Hongpeng Jia, Peng Lu, James R. White, Justin Hui, Cynthia L. Sears, David J. Hackam, Samuel M. Alaish
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Adam D. Werts, William B. Fulton, Mitchell R. Ladd, Ali Saad-Eldin, Yue X. Chen, Mark L. Kovler, Hongpeng Jia, Emilyn C. Banfield, Rachael H. Buck, Karen Goehring, Thomas Prindle, Sanxia Wang, Qinjie Zhou, Peng Lu, Yukihiro Yamaguchi, Chhinder P. Sodhi, David J. Hackam
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
William Bracamonte-Baran, Guobao Chen, Xuezhou Hou, Monica V. Talor, Hee Sun Choi, Giovanni Davogustto, Heinrich Taegtmeyer, Jungeun Sung, David Joel Hackam, David Nauen, Daniela Cihakova
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2019)