Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patricia P. Bloom, Eric A. Meyerowitz, Zoe Reinus, Michael Daidone, Jenna Gustafson, Arthur Y. Kim, Esperance Schaefer, Raymond T. Chung
Summary: In COVID-19 patients, abnormalities in liver biochemistries, particularly AST and ALT, are common on admission and throughout the course of illness. Aminotransferases are frequently elevated, while alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin elevations are rare. AST-dominant aminotransferase elevation seems to correlate with disease severity and reflects true hepatic injury.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alexander J. Kovalic, Glen Huang, Paul J. Thuluvath, Sanjaya K. Satapathy
Summary: This study found a higher prevalence of comorbidities such as coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in hospitalized Chinese patients with severe/critical COVID-19 infection. Abnormal liver chemistries, including elevated aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and decreased albumin levels, were also observed in severe cases.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Markus F. Neurath
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed global health crisis, particularly affecting clinical care for patients with gastrointestinal diseases. Immune cell dysregulation and cytokine storm syndrome may lead to severe complications for some patients.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jean-Francois Dufour, Thomas Marjot, Chiara Becchetti, Herbert Tilg
Summary: Knowledge on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 in liver diseases has rapidly increased during the pandemic. Patients with chronic liver disease, especially decompensated cirrhosis, are at a higher risk for severe COVID-19 and death. Liver transplantation was impacted due to concerns about donation and infection in recipients, but did not contribute to worse outcomes. Limited data suggests that specific therapy for COVID-19 in liver transplant recipients may be promising. The immune response induced by COVID-19 vaccines seems to be impaired in patients with chronic liver disease and liver transplant recipients, suggesting a need for revised vaccination schedules in this population.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Resham Ramkissoon, Xiao Jing Wang
Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, affects the gastrointestinal tract in over 40% of infected patients due to the abundance of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor. Studies show mild liver enzyme elevations in patients with preexisting liver disease and inflammatory bowel disease, with no increased risk from the use of biological agents.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Allison Kutner, Danielle Love, Alina Markova, Anthony Rossi, Erica Lee, Kishwer Nehal, Mario Lacouture, Veronica Rotemberg
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the implementation and rapid expansion of telemedicine services worldwide to improve patient care efficiency and reduce risks, with a focus on image ingestion and potential for future automation and improvement in the teledermatology initiatives at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City.
JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Annarosa Floreani, Sara De Martin
Summary: This article summarizes the current knowledge about the relationship between autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs) and COVID-19, focusing on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in AILDs patients, the potential autoimmune responses triggered by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the liver, and the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in AILDs patients. The use of immunosuppressants in AILDs patients appears to be correlated with COVID-19 severity, and there have been reported cases of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. However, further evidence is needed to establish the causality assessment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aarjoo Sharma, Sanjeev Balda, Mansi Apreja, Kirti Kataria, Neena Capalash, Prince Sharma
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic poses a global threat, requiring the development of reliable diagnostic methods to accurately diagnose the pathology. Current methods include RT-PCR and serological assays, with ongoing efforts to develop easier, economic, highly sensitive, and specific diagnostic techniques in research laboratories.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Shreeraj Jadhav, Gaofeng Deng, Marlene Zawin, Arie E. Kaufman
Summary: Significant progress has been made in the development of deep learning models for automatic lung and lesion segmentation and classification of COVID-19 on chest CT data. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive visualization systems that support the dual visual and deep learning diagnosis of COVID-19. In this study, the authors present COVID-view, a visualization application designed specifically for radiologists to diagnose COVID-19 from chest CT data. The system incorporates a complete pipeline of automatic lung segmentation, abnormality localization, visualization, and deep learning analysis, providing radiologists with a more comprehensive diagnostic tool.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicolo Brandi, Daniele Spinelli, Alessandro Granito, Francesco Tovoli, Fabio Piscaglia, Rita Golfieri, Matteo Renzulli
Summary: The liver is a secondary target of COVID-19, which can cause complications in patients with existing liver disease and affect the management of liver disease patients. Liver imaging and telemedicine can be useful tools for identifying complications and overcoming challenges caused by the pandemic.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Xerxes Seposo, Aden Kay Celis-Seposo, Kayo Ueda
Summary: This cross-sectional study investigates the link between the initial 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic and cases of child abuse consultations in 47 prefectures in Japan.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marina Serper, K. Rajender Reddy, Meenakshi Bewtra, Nuzhat Ahmad, Shivan J. Mehta
Summary: Chronic Gastroenterology and Hepatology patients have a high level of trust in the COVID-19 vaccine and are willing to receive it at a medical office or pharmacy, but there are important sociodemographic factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. Patients are likely to follow the recommendations of their specialist physicians for vaccination.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Meral Yuce, Elif Filiztekin, Korin Gasia Ozkaya
Summary: A fast and accurate self-testing tool for COVID-19 diagnosis is crucial for understanding the global situation and taking appropriate actions. The diagnosis tools available mainly rely on viral gene detection, human antibody detection, and viral antigen detection, with RT-PCR being the most reliable technique.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Chang Yeol Lee, Ismail Degani, Jiyong Cheong, Jae-Hyun Lee, Hyun-Jung Choi, Jinwoo Cheon, Hakho Lee
Summary: CODA is a portable system for fast, on-site diagnosis of COVID-19, with high signal-to-noise ratio that can complete testing within 20 minutes and has a low limit of detection.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Toni Herta, Thomas Berg
Summary: Liver involvement is common in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, with a dual pattern of elevated liver function tests observed in severe cases, linked to inflammatory response markers and poor outcomes. The mechanisms of liver injury in COVID-19 include direct viral effects, drug-induced injury, and exacerbation of pre-existing liver disease. Patients with obesity-related fatty liver disease and cirrhosis are at higher risk, while those on stable immunosuppressive medication or post-liver transplantation have a more favourable outcome.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patricia P. Bloom, Eric A. Meyerowitz, Zoe Reinus, Michael Daidone, Jenna Gustafson, Arthur Y. Kim, Esperance Schaefer, Raymond T. Chung
Summary: In COVID-19 patients, abnormalities in liver biochemistries, particularly AST and ALT, are common on admission and throughout the course of illness. Aminotransferases are frequently elevated, while alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin elevations are rare. AST-dominant aminotransferase elevation seems to correlate with disease severity and reflects true hepatic injury.
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patricia P. Bloom, Raymond T. Chung
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patricia P. Bloom, Scott Matherly, Sonal Kumar, Christopher Koh
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patricia P. Bloom, Jessica Robin, Mengdan Xu, Ashwini Arvind, Michael Daidone, Anoopum S. Gupta, Raymond T. Chung
Summary: There is no available low-burden, point-of-care test to diagnose hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Speech features such as speech rate, word duration, and use of particles were found to significantly correlate with neuropsychiatric scores in patients with cirrhosis. Patients with low neuropsychiatric scores or a history of overt HE exhibited slower speech and longer word duration.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Karin L. Andersson, Jasmine B. Ha, Diane R. Abraczinskas, Emily J. Campbell, James M. Richter
Summary: This study found that colonoscopy takes longer in female patients compared to males, female endoscopists perform a higher proportion of female exams, and female patients have a lower adenoma detection rate. These gender differences could result in a 9.6% revenue loss per session for female gastroenterologists compared to their male counterparts.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patricia P. Bloom, Robert J. Fontana
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
P. P. Bloom, K. Rao, C. M. Bassis, S. Y. Zhou, B. Nojkov, C. Owyang, V. B. Young, A. S. Lok
Summary: This study revealed increased duodenal epithelial permeability in patients with compensated cirrhosis and a distinct mucosal microbial community. Interestingly, certain bacteria associated with health were found to be protective of duodenal permeability.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Abhishek Shenoy, Patricia P. Bloom
LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patricia P. Bloom, Krishna Rao, Christine Bassis, Borko Nojkov, Vincent B. Young, Anna S. F. Lok
Summary: Patients with cirrhosis have higher duodenal epithelial permeability and lower mucosal bacteria alpha diversity compared to controls, while no such differences are seen in the ileum or colon. Specific bacteria are associated with epithelial permeability and future hepatic decompensation.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patricia P. Bloom, Elliot B. Tapper
Summary: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complication of cirrhosis characterized by neuropsychiatric and motor dysfunction. Lactulose, a synthetic disaccharide, has been used as an effective treatment for HE since 1966. It reverses minimal HE, prevents overt HE, improves quality of life and survival rates, likely due to its impact on intestinal microbes. However, further research is needed to optimize its use.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Elizabeth S. Aby, Ghady Moafa, Nyan Latt, Mohammad T. Sultan, Paula A. Cacioppo, Sonal Kumar, Raymond T. Chung, Patricia P. Bloom, Jenna Gustafson, Michael Daidone, Zoe Reinus, Jose D. Debes, Sunny Sandhu, Aalam Sohal, Sameeha Khalid, Marina Roytman, Andreea Maria Catana, Kara Wegermann, Rotonya M. Carr, Yedidya Saiman, Ihab Kassab, Vincent L. Chen, Atoosa Rabiee, Carly Rosenberg, Veronica Nguyen, Christina Gainey, Kali Zhou, Kenneth Chavin, Blanca C. Lizaola-Mayo, David M. Chascsa, Lee Varelas, Akshata Moghe, Renumathy Dhanasekaran
Summary: This multicenter, observational cohort study examined the long-term clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs). The study found that patients with CLD and COVID-19 had worse long-term survival and higher hospitalization rates compared to those without COVID-19. Additionally, about 30% of patients reported symptoms consistent with long-COVID-19. These findings highlight the prolonged implications of COVID-19 for both recovering patients and healthcare systems.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patricia P. Bloom, John Donlan, Mariam Torres Soto, Michael Daidone, Elizabeth Hohmann, Raymond T. Chung
Summary: Early data suggest that fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) may be used to treat hepatic encephalopathy (HE). This study assessed the safety and efficacy of FMT in patients with prior overt HE and found that the effectiveness of treatment varied depending on the characteristics of the donor and recipient.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patricia P. Bloom, Martin Ventoso, Elliot Tapper, Jasmine Ha, James M. Richter
Summary: Telemonitoring intervention is cost-saving and effective for managing cirrhotic ascites, leading to improved patient outcomes through proactive medical intervention and increased large volume paracenteses.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2022)
