Review
Immunology
Ravon Charles, Lei Fang, Ranran Zhu, Jinxiang Wang
Summary: This study evaluated the application of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) in patellar tendinopathy, Achilles tendinopathy, and plantar fasciitis, and assessed the evidence and effectiveness using the GRADE system. The results showed that ESWT has a negligible effect on pain and function in patellar tendinopathy and Achilles tendinopathy, but significantly affects pain and function in plantar fasciitis. The study concludes that ESWT has low effectiveness in patellar tendinopathy and Achilles tendinopathy, but high effectiveness in plantar fasciitis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zengbin Li, Guixian Zhu, Chao Li, Hao Lai, Xin Liu, Lei Zhang
Summary: Bayesian network meta-analysis showed that Saccharomyces boulardii may be the most effective probiotic for treating acute diarrhea in children.
Review
Sport Sciences
Marc A. Paantjens, Pieter H. Helmhout, Frank J. G. Backx, Faridi S. van Etten-Jamaludin, Eric W. P. Bakker
Summary: This study synthesized the evidence on the clinical effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy (mid-AT) and insertional Achilles tendinopathy (ins-AT). The results showed moderate evidence supporting the effectiveness of ESWT for mid-AT, while the evidence for ins-AT was very low.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Arianna Sgadari, Antonio Izzo, Francesco Smeraglia, Antonio Coviello, Shelain Patel, Massimo Mariconda, Alessio Bernasconi
Summary: This study examines the characteristics and trends in publication of the 50 most cited articles on Achilles tendon injury, as well as the correlation between citations and study quality. The findings show that both the citation rate and level of evidence have increased over time, but nearly half of the studies have poor-quality methodology.
ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Orthopedics
Zaki Arshad, Sofyan Al Shdefat, Adil M. Iqbal, Maneesh Bhatia
Summary: This systematic review found that gastrocnemius release is an effective treatment option for Achilles tendinopathy, especially in patients with noninsertional tendinopathy. Patients showed increased ankle dorsiflexion range of motion and good rate of return to sport/work postoperatively. Complication rate was overall low, with sural nerve injury being the most common complication.
KNEE SURGERY SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY ARTHROSCOPY
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Wenli Dai, Xi Leng, Jian Wang, Xiaoqing Hu, Yingfang Ao
Summary: This study compared the effects of different rehabilitation regimens on non-surgically treated patients with Achilles tendon rupture. The results showed no significant differences in re-rupture rate, return to sports and work, functional outcome, and complication rate between different rehabilitation protocols. Clinicians may consider early weight bearing in functional brace as a safe and cost-effective alternative to traditional immobilisation with non-weight bearing.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Colin Griffin, Katherine Daniels, Caroline Hill, Andrew Franklyn-Miller, Jean-Benoit Morin
Summary: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of a criteria-based rehabilitation program with strength and reactive strength targets to a successful rehabilitation program in reducing pain and improving function for patients with chronic mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy. Additionally, the study will assess changes in calf strength, reactive strength, and lower limb biomechanics over a 12-week rehabilitation program, along with long-term follow-up investigations.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Orthopedics
Renaud Maetz, Marc-Olivier Dube, Arielle Tougas, Felix Prudhomme, Blaise Dubois, Jean-Sebastien Roy
Summary: This systematic review analyzed 12 randomized controlled trials and found no significant difference in pain reduction between exercise loading protocols and passive treatment modalities for midportion Achilles tendinopathy. There was some indication that exercise loading may have some benefit in terms of function in the short to midterm, but the difference was not statistically significant. Therefore, there is currently no clear consensus on the most effective treatment for this condition.
ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Rehabilitation
Diego Ailton Prudencio, Nicola Maffulli, Filippo Migliorini, Thiago Teixeira Serafim, Luis Felipe Nunes, Luciana Sayuri Sanada, Rodrigo Okubo
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that EE is effective in improving pain and function in adult patients with mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy. However, there is still a need for better-designed randomized controlled trials and standardized outcome measures in the conservative management of AT.
BMC SPORTS SCIENCE MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Review
Orthopedics
Violet Man-Chi Ko, Mingde Cao, Jihong Qiu, Isaac Chun-Kit Fong, Sai-Chuen Fu, Patrick Shu-Hang Yung, Samuel Ka-Kin Ling
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the clinical effectiveness of various non-surgical treatments for insertional Achilles tendinopathy. The combination of eccentric exercise and soft tissue therapy was found to be the most effective treatment for short-term pain. However, the overall confidence in non-surgical treatments from all included trials was very low, and no recommendation of the best treatment option can be made from this review.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Elena Profyri, Phuong Leung, Jonathan Huntley, Vasiliki Orgeta
Summary: This systematic review assessed the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for severe dementia. The results indicate that pharmacological treatments may decrease disease severity and improve function, while non-pharmacological treatments may reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, the quality of evidence is limited, highlighting the need for high-quality evidence and user-informed interventions for this underserved group.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sheila I. Pena-Corona, Juan I. Chavez-Corona, Luis E. Perez-Caltzontzin, Dinorah Vargas-Estrada, C. Adriana Mendoza-Rodriguez, Edgar Ramos-Martinez, Jose L. Cerbon-Gutierrez, Jose A. Herrera-Barragan, David Quintanar-Guerrero, Gerardo Leyva-Gomez
Summary: Bisphenols are widely used plasticizers, but exposure to them is related to infertility and other pathologies. This study compared the protective effects of melatonin and vitamins against bisphenol-induced damage on reproductive variables. The results showed that melatonin improved sperm concentration and viability, while vitamins had negative effects on sperm concentration, testis weight, and testosterone levels. Molecular docking simulations suggested that vitamin E had the best binding affinity with androgen and estrogen receptors. These findings indicate that vitamins could act as endocrine disruptors, while melatonin is most effective in protecting against the toxic effects of bisphenols.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Fatmah Hasani, Patrick Vallance, Terry Haines, Shannon E. Munteanu, Peter Malliaras
Summary: This review found that individuals with AT have impairments in maximal plantarflexor torque on their affected side compared with the unaffected side, with uncertain clinical importance. The evidence for plantarflexor function impairments among individuals with mid-portion AT showed conflicting results. Despite resistance training interventions, improvements were seen in plantarflexor endurance but not power or strength.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Fatmah Hasani, Terry Haines, Shannon E. Munteanu, Peter Schoch, Bill Vicenzino, Peter Malliaras
Summary: The study aimed to assess the feasibility of investigating the efficacy of different load-intensity and time-under-tension exercise parameters for Achilles tendinopathy, demonstrating high recruitment and retention rates but inadequate exercise adherence and fidelity.
BMC SPORTS SCIENCE MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Yijian Zhang, Dongdong Lu, Wei Ji, Fan He, Angela Carley Chen, Huilin Yang, Xuesong Zhu
Summary: A Bayesian network meta-analysis of 10 randomized controlled trials revealed that non-fusion methods (decompression, interspinous process device) are effective options for treating lumbar spinal stenosis, with interspinous process device showing low complication rates but caution needed for its high reoperation rate.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRANSLATION
(2021)
Review
Substance Abuse
Fiona R. Beyer, Ryan P. W. Kenny, Eugenie Johnson, Deborah M. Caldwell, Claire Garnett, Stephen Rice, Julija Simpson, Colin Angus, Dawn Craig, Matt Hickman, Susan Michie, Eileen F. S. Kaner
Summary: This study compares the effectiveness of practitioner versus digitally delivered interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption. The findings suggest that practitioner delivered interventions are more effective in reducing consumption up to 6 months, but there is no evidence of a difference at 12 months.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
David M. Phillippo, Sofia Dias, A. E. Ades, Mark Belger, Alan Brnabic, Daniel Saure, Yves Schymura, Nicky J. Welton
Summary: This study demonstrates the application of ML-NMR method to estimate treatment effects in different populations. The results show that ML-NMR has better fit and reduces uncertainty compared to previous methods, and the assumptions made are valid.
MEDICAL DECISION MAKING
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
H. Paul Dijkstra, Sean Mc Auliffe, Clare L. Ardern, Joanne L. Kemp, Andrea Britt Mosler, Amy Price, Paul Blazey, Dawn Richards, Abdulaziz Farooq, Andreas Serner, Eugene McNally, Vasco Mascarenhas, Richard W. Willy, Jason L. Oke, Karim M. Khan, Sion Glyn-Jones, Mike Clarke, Trisha Greenhalgh
Summary: This study aimed to improve the agreement on the definition, terminology, taxonomy, and imaging outcome measures of primary cam morphology. Through a Delphi exercise, an expert panel reached consensus on four key issues: the definition, terminology, taxonomy, and imaging outcomes of primary cam morphology. This consensus provides a strong foundation for better communication, clinical decision-making, and research in this field.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
H. Paul Dijkstra, Sean Mc Auliffe, Clare L. Ardern, Joanne L. Kemp, Andrea Britt Mosler, Amy Price, Paul Blazey, Dawn Richards, Abdulaziz Farooq, Andreas Serner, Eugene McNally, Vasco Mascarenhas, Richard W. Willy, Jason L. Oke, Karim M. Khan, Sion Glyn-Jones, Mike Clarke, Trisha Greenhalgh
Summary: This study aims to establish research priorities for conditions affecting the young person's hip with primary cam morphology, providing guidance for more rigorous and evidence-based research in this area, and reducing the cost and burden of hip disease related to primary cam morphology.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Sallie M. Cowan, Joanne L. Kemp, Clare L. Ardern, Jane S. Thornton, Ebonie Kendra Rio, Andrea M. Bruder, Andrea Britt Mosler, Brooke Patterson, Melissa Haberfield, Eliza A. Roughead, Harvi Hart, Laura To, Sydney Neufeld, Nada Mazahir, Kay M. Crossley
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the proportion of women authors and women research participants in sport and exercise medicine/physiotherapy journals. The results showed that there is a low representation of women in first and last author positions, as well as in participant samples. Over the 10-year period, there was only a slight increase in the proportion of women authors but no significant change in the proportion of women participants.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Sport Sciences
H. Paul Dijkstra, Sean Mc Auliffe, Clare L. Ardern, Joanne L. Kemp, Andrea Britt Mosler, Amy Price, Paul Blazey, Dawn Richards, Abdulaziz Farooq, Andreas Serner, Eugene McNally, Vasco Mascarenhas, Richard W. Willy, Ivan Stankovic, Jason L. Oke, Karim M. Khan, Sion Glyn-Jones, Mike Clarke, Trisha Greenhalgh
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Hannah S. Whitehead, Clare E. French, Deborah M. Caldwell, Louise Letley, Sandra Mounier-Jack
Summary: Misinformation and disinformation around vaccines have become more prominent, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. This systematic review examines communication-based strategies to combat vaccine misinformation and assesses their effectiveness. The review identifies nine intervention approaches, focusing on the content and delivery of the intervention or message. Some strategies, such as scare tactics, were found to be ineffective, while others, such as communicating the weight-of-evidence and incorporating warnings, showed promise. Further evaluation is needed to measure the impact on vaccine uptake.
Article
Respiratory System
Matthew Evison, Ross Maconachie, Toby Mercer, Caitlin H. Daly, Nicky J. Welton, Shahzeena Aslam, Doug West, Neal Navani
Summary: Chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery (CRS) provides an extended disease-free survival and improved cost-effectiveness compared to chemotherapy plus surgery (CS) and chemotherapy plus radiotherapy (CR) in potentially resectable stage III-N2 NSCLC patients.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
David Glynn, Georgios Nikolaidis, Dina Jankovic, Nicky J. J. Welton
Summary: This article introduces a method to construct priors for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) based on previous RCTs, which can be used to aid research prioritization and trial design. The study shows that using empirically derived priors can reduce the expected value of research in value of information (VOI) analysis compared to using uninformative priors.
MEDICAL DECISION MAKING
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Brad S. Currier, Jonathan C. Mcleod, Laura Banfield, Joseph Beyene, Nicky J. Welton, Alysha C. D'Souza, Joshua A. J. Keogh, Lydia Lin, Giulia Coletta, Antony Yang, Lauren Colenso-Semple, Kyle J. Lau, Alexandria Verboom, Stuart M. Phillips
Summary: This study aimed to determine the effects of distinct combinations of resistance training prescription variables (load, sets, and frequency) on muscle strength and hypertrophy. A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis were conducted, and it was found that higher-load, multiset, thrice-weekly training was the most effective for strength gains, while higher-load, multiset, twice-weekly training was the best for hypertrophy.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Celine F. L. Mulder, Arco C. van der Vlist, Marienke van Middelkoop, Robert F. van Oosterom, Peter L. J. van Veldhoven, Adam Weir, Jan A. N. Verhaar, Robert-Jan de Vos
Summary: Baseline physical tests have prognostic value on patient-reported outcomes in patients with chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
M. C. Koper, R. W. A. Spek, M. Reijman, E. M. van Es, S. J. Baart, J. A. N. Verhaar, P. K. Bos
Summary: The study aims to determine the correlation between increasing serum cobalt and chromium levels and decreasing Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) in patients who received the Articular Surface Replacement (ASR) hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA), as well as evaluate the ten-year revision rate and the influence of sex, inclination angle, and Co level.
BONE & JOINT JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Anair Beverly, Giok Ong, Catherine Kimber, Josie Sandercock, Carolyn Doree, Nicky J. Welton, Peter Wicks, Lise J. Estcourt
Summary: The study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of antifibrinolytic and hemostatic drugs in reducing bleeding and the need for blood transfusion in people undergoing major vascular surgery. However, due to limited data, a network meta-analysis could not be performed. Further research in this field is needed.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohsen Alayche, Kelly D. Cobey, Jeremy Y. Ng, Clare L. Ardern, Karim M. Khan, An-Wen Chan, Ryan Chow, Mouayad Masalkhi, Ana Patricia Ayala, Sanam Ebrahimzadeh, Jason Ghossein, Ibrahim Alayche, Jessie Willis, David Moher
Summary: Adherence to study registration and reporting best practices is crucial for evidence-based medicine. However, Canadian clinical trials showed a lack of adherence to these practices, which calls for efforts to address and monitor this issue.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Paul Blazey, Alireza Habibi, Nejat Hassen, Daniel Friedman, Karim M. Khan, Clare L. Ardern
Summary: There are currently no guidelines to inform healthy adults about how frequently to consume food or beverages.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2023)