Review
Cell Biology
Hong Feng, Nian Wang, Nan Zhang, Hai-han Liao
Summary: Autophagy is a crucial mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis by degrading misfolded proteins and damaged organelles. Alternative autophagy, a new type of autophagy independent of Atg5/Atg7, has been found to play a pivotal role in various diseases, but its precise mechanisms and roles are still unclear.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sulagna Mukherjee, Jong Won Yun
Summary: In this study, the presence of UCP1 in osteoblast cells was demonstrated for the first time, and it was shown that UCP1 regulates ATP and oxidative phosphorylation in MC-3T3-E1 cells. Additionally, the lack of Ucp1 leads to reduced expressions of regulatory proteins involved in ROS scavenging, while enhancing autophagy to balance osteogenic differentiation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuchen Lei, Daniel J. Klionsky
Summary: Autophagy is a cellular process that plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by delivering intracellular components for degradation and recycling. While it has been found to help combat various human diseases, it can also contribute to the progression of certain pathologies. Researchers are actively exploring the roles of autophagy in diseases and potential therapeutic approaches, particularly in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, and metabolic disorders.
Review
Cell Biology
Lei Qiao, Jiayi Hu, Xiaohan Qiu, Chunlin Wang, Jieqiong Peng, Cheng Zhang, Meng Zhang, Huixia Lu, Wenqiang Chen
Summary: LAMP2 is a major protein component of the lysosomal membrane and has three isoforms, LAMP2A, LAMP2B, and LAMP2C, with different distribution and functions. LAMP2A acts as a receptor and channel for transporting cytosolic proteins in chaperone-mediated autophagy. LAMP2B is involved in autophagosome-lysosome fusion and is a component of exosome membranes. LAMP2C participates in a novel type of autophagy that degrades nucleic acids in lysosomes. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the functions and mechanisms of each LAMP2 isoform in various pathophysiological processes and human diseases. The evolutionary patterns of these isoforms in vertebrates are discussed, along with technical guidance for investigating them. Unanswered questions in this research area are also highlighted. Advances in understanding the functions of the three LAMP2 isoforms will reveal new connections between lysosomal dysfunction, autophagy, and human diseases.
Article
Plant Sciences
Bruno Aquino, James M. Bradley, Shelley Lumba
Summary: Strigolactones (SLs) play crucial roles in plant development, fungal growth, and parasitic plant germination, particularly in the rhizosphere ecosystem. Their interactions with phosphate utilization suggest a more holistic view is needed to fully understand their roles in plant biology.
Review
Cell Biology
Jesse White, Sujit Suklabaidya, Mai Tram Vo, Young Bong Choi, Edward W. Harhaj
Summary: TAX1BP1 is a crucial autophagy receptor that plays a central role in host defense and regulating the immune system. In addition to its canonical functions, TAX1BP1 also influences the biogenesis and maturation of autophagosomes.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jack J. Collier, Fumi Suomi, Monika Olahova, Thomas G. McWilliams, Robert W. Taylor
Summary: ATG proteins are essential for macroautophagy and play important roles beyond autophagic elimination. Dysfunction of ATG7 is associated with diseases, but the mechanisms of how it contributes to these diseases remain unclear. Further research on the relationship between ATG7 dysfunction and diseases will help develop therapies for disorders involving ATG7 deficiency and impaired autophagy.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Don Carlo Ramos Batara, Moon-Chang Choi, Hyeon-Uk Shin, Hyunggee Kim, Sung-Hak Kim
Summary: Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults with a poor survival rate, presenting challenges in treatment. Autophagy plays a paradoxical role in GBM, making it crucial to understand for potential therapeutic strategies.
Review
Immunology
Richard B. Pouw, Daniel Ricklin
Summary: The complement system plays a crucial role in host defense and surveillance by rapidly and broadly targeting microbial invaders, apoptotic cells, and other threats, but can also cause harm in various immune, inflammatory, age-related, or biomaterial-induced conditions. Despite its long association with disease, the prevalence, impact, and complexity of complement's involvement in pathological processes is only now being fully recognized.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maolei Shen, Xin Li, Biao Qian, Qiang Wang, Shanan Lin, Wenhao Wu, Shuai Zhu, Rui Zhu, Shankun Zhao
Summary: MicroRNA-mediated autophagy plays a significant role in urologic malignancies, acting as either carcinogenic factors or suppressors. The complex network involving miRNAs, targeted genes, and signaling pathways regulates autophagy, affecting tumorigenesis, progression, and resistance to anticancer therapies. Targeting specific miRNAs for autophagy modulation may offer reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or promising therapeutic strategies for urologic oncologies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chan Shan, Xinzhe Chen, Hongjing Cai, Xiaodan Hao, Jing Li, Yinfeng Zhang, Jinning Gao, Zhixia Zhou, Xinmin Li, Cuiyun Liu, Peifeng Li, Kun Wang
Summary: Autophagy is a crucial process in maintaining cell homeostasis and abnormal autophagy is associated with various diseases, including cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and play important roles in fundamental biological processes like autophagy. Studying autophagy-related miRNAs in cancer can offer insights into cancer biology and support the development of novel anti-cancer strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Xinyue Wang, Xiao Tan, Jinping Zhang, Jiaping Wu, Hongjuan Shi
Summary: Ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of programmed cell death, is characterized by peroxidative damage to polyunsaturated-fatty-acid-containing phospholipids and is highly dependent on iron ions. It is closely associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases and is regulated by multiple signaling pathways, including the MAPK-AMPK pathway. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of ferroptosis by the MAPK-AMPK pathway and discusses the potential therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xingzhi Wang, Fuyuki Sato, Keiji Tanimoto, Niveda Rajeshwaran, Lakshmi Thangavelu, Makoto Makishima, Ujjal K. Bhawal
Summary: This review summarizes recent studies on clock genes related to periodontal inflammation and other diseases, with a focus on the roles of Dec1 and Dec2 in inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saori Noguchi, Shigeomi Shimizu
Summary: GOMED is an autophagy-like proteolysis mechanism that preferentially degrades Golgi-trafficking proteins, including insulin granules in pancreatic beta-cells and ceruloplasmin in neurons, and is involved in various physiological events. Although it morphologically resembles canonical autophagy, GOMED functions differently as it degrades different substrates and uses different membrane sources, with core molecules that are completely distinct.
Article
Plant Sciences
Qiuling Wang, Suiwen Hou
Summary: Autophagy is a conserved system for degradation and renewal of cellular components from yeast to mammals. The ATG1/ATG13 complex plays a crucial role in initiating autophagy, sensing nutritional signals, and governing autophagosome formation in plants.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ewelina Golec, Alexander Ekstrom, Maciej Noga, Muhmmad Omar-Hmeadi, Per-Eric Lund, Bruno O. Villoutreix, Ulrika Krus, Katarzyna Wozniak, Olle Korsgren, Erik Renstrom, Sebastian Barg, Ben C. King, Anna M. Blom
Summary: The study finds that splice variants of CD59 exist in human and mouse pancreatic islets. These variants are associated with insulin granules and insulin secretion. In type 2 diabetes patients, the expression of these variants is significantly reduced, which may contribute to insulin deficiency.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ben C. King, Anna M. Blom
Summary: This review presents evidence for both canonical and non-canonical functions of intracellular complement proteins and discusses the controversies and unanswered questions regarding the nature of intracellular complement. New terms are suggested to accurately describe and discuss specific forms of intracellular complement, and future experiments are called for to provide more definitive evidence and a better understanding of the mechanisms of intracellular complement activity.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Konstantinos S. Papadakos, Sebastian Lundgren, Chrysostomi Gialeli, Patrick Micke, Artur Mezheyeuski, Jacob Elebro, Karin Jirstrom, Anna M. Blom
Summary: This study evaluated the expression of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in periampullary adenocarcinoma and found that high COMP expression is associated with more aggressive pancreatobiliary-type tumors. In pancreatobiliary-type tumors, high COMP expression is correlated with the exclusion of cytotoxic T-cells. Higher levels of fibrosis are also associated with high COMP expression, which may lead to immunotherapy resistance.
Article
Oncology
Konstantinosc S. S. Papadakos, Alexander Ekstrom, Piotr Slipek, Eleni Skourti, Steven Reid, Kristian Pietras, Anna M. M. Blom
Summary: This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanism of action of SUSD4 as an EGFR inhibitor, potentially influencing the recycling of EGFR to the plasma membrane and exerting its tumor suppressor role.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Alexander Akesson, James B. B. Bussel, Myriam Martin, Anna M. M. Blom, Jenny Klintman, Waleed Ghanima, Eva Zetterberg, Lamya Garabet
Summary: Increased platelet destruction is central in immune thrombocytopenia, but impaired platelet production is also relevant. This study investigates the association between complement activation and the platelet response to TPO-RA therapy, finding that elevated levels of complement biomarkers were associated with a worse treatment response.
Article
Hematology
Sofia von Palffy, Hanna Thorsson, Pablo Pena-Martinez, Noelia Puente-Moncada, Carl Sanden, Anna M. Blom, Rasmus Henningsson, Gunnar Juliusson, Ben King, Niklas Landberg, Vladimir Lazarevic, Christina Orsmark-Pietras, Marianne Rissler, Vendela Rissler, Helena Agerstam, Marcus Jaras, Henrik Lilljebjorn, Thoas Fioretos
Summary: Mutations in the NPM1 gene are common in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but relapse is still a significant concern. In this study, we identified the complement receptor C3AR as specifically expressed in NPM1-mutated AML cells, making it a potential target for antibody-based therapies. We also found that C3AR, in combination with GPR56, distinguishes leukemic stem cells from normal hematopoietic stem cells, and stimulation of C3AR-expressing cells leads to increased survival of AML cells. Furthermore, antibodies directed against C3AR effectively induce natural killer cell-mediated killing of primary AML cells, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in NPM1-mutated AML.
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Klaudia Kulak, Marina Mckay, Anna Blom, Ben King
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barbro Perrson, Oskar Eriksson, Anna M. Blom, Markus Huber-Lang, Kristina Nilsson Ekdahl, Bo Nilsson
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Serena Bettoni, Mateusz Dziedzic, Anna M. Blom
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Serena Bettoni, Karolina Maziarz, M. Rhia L. Stone, Mark A. T. Blaskovich, Jan Potempa, Maria Luiza Bazzo, Magnus Unemo, Sanjay Ram, Anna M. Blom
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karolina I. Smolag, Marcus Fager Ferrari, Eva Zetterberg, Eva Leinoe, Torben Ek, Anna M. Blom, Carolina M. Rossing, Myriam Martin
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karolina Smolag-Klosowska, Jakub Olszowka, Karin Leanders-Son, David O'Connel, Myriam Martin, Anna Blom
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emre Can Tuysuz, Chrysostomi Gialeli, Anna M. Blom
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)