Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 59, Issue 34, Pages 14541-14549Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005270
Keywords
capacitive energy storage; in situ Raman spectroscopy; ion sieving effect; spatial charge density; zinc ion hybrid capacitor
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Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFA0200200, 2017YFB1104300]
- NSFC [51673026, 51433005, 21674056]
- NSFC-MAECI [51861135202]
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Capacitive energy storage has advantages of high power density, long lifespan, and good safety, but is restricted by low energy density. Inspired by the charge storage mechanism of batteries, a spatial charge density (SCD) maximization strategy is developed to compensate this shortage by densely and neatly packing ionic charges in capacitive materials. A record high SCD (ca. 550 C cm(-3)) was achieved by balancing the valance and size of charge-carrier ions and matching the ion sizes with the pore structure of electrode materials, nearly five times higher than those of conventional ones (ca. 120 C cm(-3)). The maximization of SCD was confirmed by Monte Carlo calculations, molecular dynamics simulations, and in situ electrochemical Raman spectroscopy. A full-cell supercapacitor was further constructed; it delivers an ultrahigh energy density of 165 Wh L(-1)at a power density of 150 WL(-1)and retains 120 Wh L(-1)even at 36 kW L-1, opening a pathway towards high-energy-density capacitive energy storage.
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