Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katalin Gyurina, Mariia Yarmak, Laszlo Sasi-Szabo, Sarolta Molnar, Gabor Mehes, Tamas Roeszer
Summary: Studying subcutaneous adipose tissues in fetuses, infants, and children, we found that UCP1-positive adipocytes are mainly located in the deep layer of adipose tissue, particularly in the abdominal wall. These UCP1-positive adipocytes develop in late fetal stage and persist throughout childhood, expressing genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis. The absence of UCP1 expression in adipose tissue during the early childhood adiposity rebound phase is associated with an obesity-related gene expression signature. UCP1 expression is negatively correlated with BMI z-score and adipocyte size in infants and children.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emily K. Miller, Mandana Pahlavani, Latha Ramalingam, Shane Scoggin, Naima Moustaid-Moussa
Summary: The study showed that in female mice, UCP1 deficiency in thermoneutral conditions has a negative impact on energy metabolism. Surprisingly, the protective effects of EPA against diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance were found to be independent of UCP1.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hui Wang, Monja Willershaeuser, Yongguo Li, Tobias Fromme, Katharina Schnabl, Andrea Bast-Habersbrunner, Samira Ramisch, Sabine Mocek, Martin Klingenspor
Summary: While UCP1 is essential for cold-induced thermogenesis, its presence alone does not protect mice from diet-induced obesity. A new mouse model with low UCP1 levels demonstrates that impaired cold-induced thermogenic capacity does not increase susceptibility to diet-induced obesity. Pharmacological activation of brown fat is necessary to promote negative energy balance in diet-induced obese mice.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Spyridon Sideromenos, Anna Gundacker, Maria Nikou, Raimund Oberle, Orsolya Horvath, Peter Stoehrmann, Timo Partonen, Daniela D. Pollak
Summary: This study investigates the role of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the bidirectional link between metabolic and psychiatric disorders. It suggests that uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), a key metabolic regulator highly expressed in BAT, plays a inhibitory role in anxiety-related behavior, particularly under thermogenic conditions. This function of UCP-1 may be mediated through its central role in brain regions involved in energy and emotional control.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Marin E. Nelson, Soren Madsen, Kristen C. Cooke, Andreas M. Fritzen, Ida H. Thorius, Stewart W. C. Masson, Luke Carroll, Fiona C. Weiss, Marcus M. Seldin, Meg Potter, Samantha L. Hocking, Daniel J. Fazakerley, Amanda E. Brandon, Senthil Thillainadesan, Alistair M. Senior, Gregory J. Cooney, Jacqueline Stockli, David E. James
Summary: Insulin resistance can occur independently in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, highlighting the importance of tissue-specific investigation in understanding metabolic diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kuilong Huang, Zhihao Jia, Haoran Li, Ying Peng, Xiaochang Chen, Nanjian Luo, Tongxing Song, Yingqian Wang, Xin'e Shi, Shihuan Kuang, Gongshe Yang
Summary: FAM83A plays important roles in cancer and has a novel function in adipocyte differentiation. Inhibition of Fam83a results in reduced white adipose tissue mass, smaller adipocytes, and aggravated mitochondrial damage. Loss or knockdown of Fam83a in cultured adipocytes represses lipid droplet formation and downregulates lipogenic genes and proteins, leading to decreased mitochondrial ATP production and enhanced apoptosis.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ching-Fang Chang, Amanda L. Gunawan, Irene Liparulo, Peter-James H. Zushin, Ambre M. Bertholet, Yuriy Kirichok, Andreas Stahl
Summary: Coenzyme Q deficiency affects respiration in brown adipose tissue by regulating UCP1 expression, leading to increased mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased ADP/ATP ratios. This deficiency also enhances cold sensitivity.
Article
Cell Biology
Qing Wu, Xianyi Liang, Kai Wang, Jun Lin, Xuemei Wang, Pengcheng Wang, Yangming Zhang, Qixing Nie, Huiying Liu, Zhipeng Zhang, Junhui Liu, Yanli Pang, Changtao Jiang
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota regulates obesity through metabolite-host interactions. This study found that intestinal HIF-2 alpha controls lactate levels in the gut, impacting the microbiome abundance and adipose tissue thermogenesis. Manipulating these interactions may offer novel strategies for alleviating obesity.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rosa Spinelli, Ritesh Kumar Baboota, Silvia Gogg, Francesco Beguinot, Matthias Bluher, Annika Nerstedt, Ulf Smith
Summary: Cell senescence (CS) plays a crucial role in the connection between aging and chronic disorders, and CS is more prevalent in major metabolic tissues with aging. However, CS is also increased in adult obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, regardless of aging. Dysfunction and inflammation are common features of senescent tissues, affecting both progenitor cells and mature differentiated cells. Recent studies have found that hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance (IR) can promote CS in human adipose and liver cells. Conversely, increased CS also promotes cellular IR, indicating their interdependence. Additionally, increased adipose CS in T2D is not solely determined by age, BMI, or hyperinsulinemia, suggesting premature aging. These findings suggest that senomorphic/senolytic therapy could be important for treating common metabolic disorders.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ilona Juchnicka, Mariusz Kuzmicki, Jacek Szamatowicz
Summary: Obesity is a growing global concern, significantly contributing to the development of diseases like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. Excessive lipid accumulation in tissues leads to inflammation and metabolic dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shima Taherkhani, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Ruheea Taskin Ruhee
Summary: The excessive consumption of nutrients, especially fast-foods, and a sedentary lifestyle are leading causes of obesity associated with oxidative stress (OS). Antioxidant supplements are highly regarded for their ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) in improving obesity. However, inconsistent results from studies on animal response to antioxidant supplements suggest a need for further research, especially in humans.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jian Yu, Xin Chen, Yuanjin Zhang, Xiangdi Cui, Zhe Zhang, Wenxiu Guo, Dongmei Wang, Shengbo Huang, Yanru Chen, Yepeng Hu, Cheng Zhao, Jin Qiu, Yu Li, Meiyao Meng, Mingwei Guo, Fei Shen, Mengdi Zhang, Ben Zhou, Xuejiang Gu, Jiqiu Wang, Xin Wang, Xinran Ma, Lingyan Xu
Summary: This study demonstrates that azithromycin, a type of macrolide antibiotics, inhibits the functionality of brown and beige adipocytes. Azithromycin accumulates in adipose tissue of obese patients and is associated with BMI and body weight. The antibiotic impairs mitochondrial function in brown and beige adipocytes through inhibiting mitochondrial respiratory complex I and increasing ROS levels.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jessica Latorre, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Nuria Oliveras-Canellas, Francisco Ortega, Ferran Comas, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete
Summary: This study investigated the role of CDO1 gene expression in adipose tissue and found that higher CDO1 expression was associated with improved metabolic profiles, decreased fasting triglycerides and blood HbA1c levels, as well as gene expression markers of adipocyte function and inflammation in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pamela A. Nono Nankam, Telesphore B. Nguelefack, Julia H. Goedecke, Matthias Blueher
Summary: Adipose tissue storage capacity is crucial for whole-body homeostasis, but dysregulation due to sustained nutrient overflow in obesity may lead to adipocytes hypertrophy, hypoxia, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Differences in fat accumulation and function between ethnicities, along with higher systemic oxidative stress levels, may contribute to the increased susceptibility to metabolic diseases in African women.
Review
Cell Biology
Asen Georgiev, Cesare Granata, Michael Roden
Summary: Common metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are associated with insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction. Changes in mitochondrial features may reflect adaptation to a certain metabolic condition rather than abnormalities. Lifestyle modifications and drug treatments can help improve these metabolic diseases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Renan Fudoli Lins Vieira, Vitor Rosetto Munoz, Rafael Lima Junqueira, Fellipe de Oliveira, Rafael Calais Gaspar, Susana Castelo Branco Ramos Nakandakari, Suleyma de Oliveira Costa, Marcio Alberto Torsoni, Adelino S. R. da Silva, Dennys Esper Cintra, Leandro Pereira de Moura, Eduardo Rochete Ropelle, Iman Zaghloul, Rania A. Mekary, Jose Rodrigo Pauli
Summary: Time-restricted feeding (TRF) alone can reduce weight gain and increase fatty acid oxidation, while TRF combined with aerobic exercise (TRF+Exe) shows additional benefits such as increased oxygen consumption and ketone body production. TRF+Exe also attenuates the negative effects of high-fat diet on insulin signaling pathway and leads to improved liver metabolism and glucose homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
V. R. Munoz, R. C. Gaspar, M. C. S. Mancini, R. D. de Lima, R. F. L. Vieira, B. M. Crisol, G. C. Antunes, J. C. S. Trombeta, I. L. P. Bonfante, F. M. Simabuco, A. S. R. da Silva, C. R. Cavaglieri, E. R. Ropelle, D. E. Cintra, J. R. Pauli
Summary: The study found that short-term aerobic exercise can improve overall glucose and insulin sensitivity as well as hepatic metabolism in aged rodents. These effects contribute to late-life metabolic health and help prevent the development of age-related T2D.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bruno B. Marafon, Ana P. Pinto, Larissa G. de Vicente, Alisson L. da Rocha, Fernando M. Simabuco, Eduardo R. Ropelle, Leandro P. de Moura, Dennys E. Cintra, Jose R. Pauli, Adelino S. R. da Silva
Summary: This study aimed to verify the responses of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers in wild-type and Tlr4 global knockout mice after acute and chronic physical exercise protocols. The results showed that the global deletion of Tlr4 seems to have the same effects on UPR markers of wild-type animals after acute and chronic exercise protocols but decreased performance.
CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rafael C. Gaspar, Kun Lyu, Brandon T. Hubbard, Brooks P. Leitner, Panu K. Luukkonen, Sandro M. Hirabara, Ikki Sakuma, Ali Nasiri, Dongyan Zhang, Mario Kahn, Gary W. Cline, Jose Rodrigo Pauli, Rachel J. Perry, Kitt F. Petersen, Gerald I. Shulman
Summary: This study found that regular aerobic exercise can prevent the increase of muscle fat content, as well as reduce the content of sn-1,2-diacylglycerols (DAGs) in the cell membrane and the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), thus maintaining muscle insulin sensitivity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susana Castelo Branco Ramos Nakandakari, Rafael Calais Gaspar, Gabriel Keine Kuga, Camila de Oliveira Ramos, Renan Fudoli Vieira, Thaiane da Silva Rios, Vitor Rosetto Munoz, Marcella Ramos Sant'ana, Fernando Moreira Simabuco, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva, Leandro Pereira Moura, Eduardo Rochete Ropelle, Jose Rodrigo Pauli, Dennys Esper Cintra
Summary: Long-term high-fat diet affects adipose tissue and leads to metabolic disorders. Short-term high-fat diet affects neuronal signaling pathways. Flaxseed oil containing omega-3 fatty acids protects against increased food intake and fasting glucose, but not inflammation.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ana P. Pinto, Vitor R. Munoz, Maria Eduarda A. Tavares, Jonathas R. dos Santos, Macario A. Rebelo, Luciane C. Alberici, Fernando M. Simabuco, Giovana R. Teixeira, Jose R. Pauli, Leandro P. de Moura, Dennys E. Cintra, Eduardo R. Ropelle, Ellen C. Freitas, Donato A. Rivas, Adelino S. R. da Silva
Summary: Aging can alter the structure and function of the liver, while exercise training may have positive effects on autophagy processes, mitochondrial function, and cellular senescence in the liver. This study investigates the effects of aging and exercise on hepatic circadian markers, autophagy, and mitochondria activity using both mouse models and human datasets. The findings suggest that exercise can improve liver function and maintain mitochondrial and autophagy markers associated with liver diseases.
Article
Cell Biology
Connie L. K. Leung, Subashini Karunakaran, Michael G. Atser, Leyla Innala, Xiaoke Hu, Victor Viau, James D. Johnson, Susanne M. Clee
Summary: Genetic factors play a role in obesity, but their effects are generally small. Studying animal models can provide insights into the genetic regulation of obesity. This study identified novel genes, Pdk1 and Itga6, that may modulate obesity, lipid metabolism, insulin secretion, and glucose homeostasis.
PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
George P. Brownrigg, Yi Han Xia, Chieh Min Jamie Chu, Su Wang, Charlotte Chao, Jiashuo Aaron Zhang, Sos Skovso, Evgeniy Panzhinskiy, Xiaoke Hu, James D. Johnson, Elizabeth J. Rideout
Summary: This study aims to investigate the crucial role of pancreatic beta cells in maintaining glucose homeostasis and the impact of sex differences on this process. By comparing the gene expression and function of beta cells in males and females, we found that female patients have more reliable insulin secretion and higher resilience to endoplasmic reticulum stress.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Austin J. Taylor, Evgeniy Panzhinskiy, Paul C. Orban, Francis C. Lynn, David F. Schaeffer, James D. Johnson, Janel L. Kopp, C. Bruce Verchere
Summary: Loss of IAPP signaling may not increase the risk of pancreatic cancer in individuals with diabetes.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vitor Rosetto Munoz, Jose Diego Botezelli, Rafael Calais Gaspar, Alisson L. da Rocha, Renan Fudoli Lins Vieira, Barbara Moreira Crisol, Renata Rosseto Braga, Matheus Brandemarte Severino, Susana Castelo Branco Ramos Nakandakari, Gabriel Calheiros Antunes, Sergio Q. Brunetto, Celso D. Ramos, Licio Augusto Velloso, Fernando Moreira Simabuco, Leandro Pereira de Moura, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva, Eduardo Rochete Ropelle, Dennys Esper Cintra, Jose Rodrigo Pauli
Summary: Short-term physical exercise improves glucose metabolism and homeostasis in a mouse model with hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia. Endurance training affects transcriptomic and mitochondrial activity, while strength training mainly influences post-translational mechanisms and protein synthesis.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Liam G. Hall, John P. Thyfault, James D. Johnson
Summary: Exercise and regular physical activity are beneficial for preventing and managing metabolic diseases, while exercise cessation can lead to metabolic derangements. This article reviews the impact of exercise and exercise cessation on β-cell function, with a focus on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). It also explores potential mechanisms by which β-cells adapt to exercise and highlights areas for future research.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose R. Pauli, Vitor R. Munoz, Renan Fudoli Lins Vieira, Susana C. B. R. Nakandakari, Ana Paula Azevedo Macedo, Robson Damasceno de Lima, Gabriel Calheiros Antunes, Fernando M. Simabuco, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva, Leandro P. de Moura, Eduardo R. Ropelle, Dennys E. Cintra, Rania A. Mekary, Iman Zaghloul
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of gliadin on liver metabolism and inflammation and whether aerobic exercise could mitigate these effects in rodents. The results showed that gliadin administration impaired weight gain, increased gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis, and induced hepatic inflammation compared to the control group. However, exercise in combination with gliadin administration resulted in weight recovery, improved insulin sensitivity, and a reduction in gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and hepatic inflammation compared to the gliadin group.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Gustavo Paroschi Morais, Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto, Bruno Brieda Marafon, Eduardo R. R. Ropelle, Dennys E. E. Cintra, Jose R. Pauli, Adelino S. R. da Silva
Summary: The mechanisms of autophagy and mitochondrial function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been interconnected by the transcription factor EB (TFEB). Chronic exercise can activate TFEB, promoting autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, which may contribute to brain health and prevent AD.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Neurosciences
Jose Rodrigo Pauli, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva, Ellen Cristini de Freitas
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stacey N. Lee, Victoria Hoskin, Celine M. Laumont, Shannon Snelling, Lorenzo Lindo, Lou Bird, Vera Samarkina, Chantale Thurston, Grace Fox, Sarah Ivanco, Megan Mahoney, Jeanette E. Boudreau, Sarah Nersesian
Summary: BioCanRx held its first post-pandemic in-person Summit for Cancer Immunotherapy in Montreal, Canada in November 2022. The event brought together various stakeholders to discuss the current and future state of biotherapeutics for cancer in Canada and beyond. The meeting involved plenaries, keynote speakers, debates, and panel discussions, and also emphasized the importance of including the patient perspective through initiatives like the Learning Institute.
BIOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)