Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 14, Issue 7, Pages 8826-8837Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03432
Keywords
tin phosphide; sodium-ion battery; anode; heterostructure; biomimetic; in situ EIS
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Funding
- Australian Government Research Training Program
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Recently, Sn4P3 has emerged as a promising anode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to the high specific capacity. However, the use of Sn4P3 has been impeded by capacity fade and an inferior rate performance. Herein, a biomimetic heterostructure is reported by using a simple hydrothermal reaction followed by thermal treatment. This bottlebrush-like structure consists of a stein-like carbon nanotube (CNT) as the electron expressway and mechanical support; fructus-like Sn4P3 nanoparticles as the active material; and the permeable stoma-like thin carbon coating as the buffer layer. Having benefited from the biomimetic structure, a superior electrochemical performance is obtained in the SIBs. It exhibits a high capacity of 742 mA h g(-1) after 150 cycles at 0.2C, and superior rate performance with 449 mA h g(-1) at 2C after 500 cycles. Moreover, the sodium storage mechanism is confirmed by cyclic voltammetry and ex situ X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. In situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was adopted to analyze the reaction dynamics. This research represents a further step toward figuring out the inferior electrochemical performance of other metal phosphide materials.
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