Article
Environmental Sciences
Panu Karjalainen, Kimmo Teinila, Niina Kuittinen, PaBULLivi Aakko-Saksa, Matthew Bloss, Hannu Vesala, Rasmus Pettinen, Sanna Saarikoski, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Hilkka Timonen
Summary: This study found that using scrubbers and low-sulfur fuel in SECA can effectively reduce SO2 concentrations on ships. During sailing, the emission of PM from heavy fuel oil was higher than that from marine gas oil, and reducing engine load increased the exhaust concentrations of black carbon.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Anssi Jarvinen, Kati Lehtoranta, Paeivi Aakko-Saksa, Mikko Karppanen, Timo Murtonen, Jarno Martikainen, Jarmo Kuusisto, Sami Nyyssonen, Paivi Koponen, Pekka Piimakorpi, Eero Friman, Varpu Orasuo, Jaakko Rintanen, Juha Jokiluoma, Niina Kuittinen, Topi Ronkko
Summary: This study presents a marine emission reduction system consisting of a scrubber and a Wet Electrostatic Precipitator (WESP) in series. The system removed over 98.5% of particles in number, mass, and black carbon when using HFO fuel. With MDO fuel, 96.5% of PN and 99% of black carbon were removed.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sang -Hee Woo, Hyungjoon Jang, Seung-Bok Lee, Seokhwan Lee
Summary: Electric vehicles (EVs) still contribute non-exhaust particulate matter (PM) emissions, but the emission levels depend on factors such as brake pad type and regenerative braking intensity. In certain scenarios, EVs can have lower total PM emissions compared to internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs).
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
I. Cunha-Lopes, K. Lehtoranta, S. M. Almeida, M. Evtyugina, A. Vicente, E. Vicente, H. Kuutti, F. Amato, C. A. Alves
Summary: Particulate matter (PM) produced by vehicle emissions is the deadliest form of air pollution, but the detailed chemical speciation of PM is still poorly understood. In this study, different heavy-duty vehicles were tested and the PM emission factors were determined. The study found that major and trace elements accounted for a significant fraction of PM mass, and the composition of PM varied depending on the vehicle and fuel used. Various organic compounds, including n-alkanes and acids, were detected in the exhaust particulates. The study provides important insights into the composition and sources of PM emissions from heavy-duty vehicles, contributing to a better understanding of air pollution.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Theodoros Grigoratos, Athanasios Mamakos, RaviTeja Vedula, Michael Arndt, Dmytro Lugovyy, Christian Hafenmayer, Mikko Moisio, Carlos Agudelo, Barouch Giechaskiel
Summary: Vehicles' exhaust particulate matter (PM) emissions have decreased, but non-exhaust emissions from brakes and tires have increased. The Euro 7 proposal introduces specific emission limits for brakes and tires worldwide. This study presents technical specifications for PM measurements and evaluates particle losses in two different setups. It also discusses the mass ratios of PM2.5 and PM10 as a function of the mass median diameters.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ye Liu, Haibo Chen, Chuhan Yin, Matteo Federici, Guido Perricone, Ying Li, Dimitris Margaritis, Yang Shen, Junhua Guo, Tangjian Wei
Summary: This study investigated PM10 emissions generated from brake wear of passenger cars during different driving cycles using a finite element analysis approach. The results showed that the proposed simulation approach could predict PM10 emissions from brake wear, and there was a gradient rise in pad wear from the inner to outer radii. Furthermore, reducing the frequency of high-speed braking was found to be an effective way to decrease PM10 emissions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Frantisek Synak, Jan Synak, Tomas Skrucany
Summary: This article focuses on the impact of adding oxyhydrogen (HHO) on selected vehicle features, including engine power and torque, exhaust gas composition, and fuel consumption. Results show a minimal effect on exhaust gas components concentration and a slight decrease in engine power and torque with the addition of HHO. Taking electric energy needed for HHO operation from the vehicle used in the measurement was found to have a more significant impact than adding HHO into the engine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marco Pellecchia, Giulia Papa, Mario Barbato, Giancarlo Capitani, Ilaria Negri
Summary: Urban areas pose challenges to scientists studying airborne particulate matter, as standard air quality stations can only detect certain sizes of particles. Honey bees can collect spatiotemporal data on airborne particles up to 10 μm in size, providing a valuable alternative for studying fine particulate matter in urban areas. Analysis of bees' collection in Milan revealed contamination from natural dust and particles with heavy metal content, likely originating from non-exhaust pollution such as vehicular braking systems and tires.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Topi Ronkko, Liisa Pirjola, Panu Karjalainen, Pauli Simonen, Kimmo Teinila, Matthew Bloss, Laura Salo, Arindam Datta, Banwari Lal, Rakesh K. Hooda, Sanna Saarikoski, Hilkka Timonen
Summary: This study aims to address air quality issues in India and emphasizes the importance of monitoring particle number concentrations and black carbon (BC) in urban areas, especially in traffic environments, where people can be significantly exposed to fresh exhaust emissions.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Vito Ilacqua, Nicole Scharko, Jordan Zambrana, Daniel Malashock
Summary: This study surveyed literature on measurements of indoor particulate matter and compiled the most comprehensive collection of data to date. The findings revealed similar patterns of indoor PM distributions across different regions, with greater variability observed in Asia. The study also highlighted the limitation of using outdoor measurements to approximate indoor PM exposures due to the higher variability in indoor concentrations.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rahul Kant, Avani Trivedi, Bibhutimaya Ghadai, Vinod Kumar, Chinmay Mallik
Summary: By considering the effects of meteorology and seasonality, we provide a more accurate attribution method to study the impacts of lockdown on atmospheric composition. We find that the impacts vary in different regions and climatic conditions, with wind-borne transport playing a significant role at the study sites.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nobuyuki Takegawa, Anna Nagasaki, Akihiro Fushimi, Yuji Fujitani, Yoshiko Murashima, Hiromu Sakurai
Summary: We conducted field measurements and laboratory evaluations to characterize the physical and chemical properties of aircraft exhaust ultrafine particles near Narita International Airport. The results show that the volatility of aircraft exhaust UFPs is closely related to particle size and temperature.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Toni Feissel, Florian Buechner, Miles Kunze, Jonas Rost, Valentin Ivanov, Klaus Augsburg, David Hesse, Sebastian Gramstat
Summary: Due to the increasing environmental awareness, vehicle-related emissions such as particulate matter are facing growing criticism. This article presents a methodology to evaluate the impact of different vehicle-related sources on ambient particulate matter. It includes experimental measurements and simulations to study the emissions pathways.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Z. Toumasatos, A. Raptopoulos-Chatzistefanou, D. Kolokotronis, P. Pistikopoulos, Z. Samaras, L. Ntziachristos
Summary: This study investigates the gaseous and particulate emissions of a diesel passenger car during Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) active regeneration. The results show that solid particle emissions significantly increase during DPF regeneration, while total particle emissions are higher than solid particle emissions. These findings suggest that the current regulations are unable to fully control the particle emissions during DPF regeneration.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stefanie Prenner, Astrid Allesch, Margarethe Staudner, Martin Rexeis, Michael Schwingshackl, Marion Huber-Humer, Florian Part
Summary: This study established a mass balance for vehicle tyres and tyre wear particles (TWPs) emissions in Austria, showing that 6% of tyre rubber was emitted as TWPs to the environment, while the majority remained in use or underwent recycling.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Urmas Raudsepp, Ilja Maljutenko, Mariliis Kouts, Lena Granhag, Magda Wilewska-Bien, Ida-Maja Hassellov, K. Martin Eriksson, Lasse Johansson, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Matthias Karl, Volker Matthias, Jana Moldanova
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Bo Strandberg, Cecilia Osterman, Hatice Koca Akdeva, Jana Moldanova, Sarka Langer
Summary: This study tested the usefulness of polyurethane foam passive air samplers for stationary and personal sampling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in occupational air. It found significant variations in PAHs exposure levels among different workplaces and personnel categories on ships. The results suggest that fuel PAHs content can impact the indoor air environment on ships as a whole.
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Sarka Langer, Cecilia Osterman, Bo Strandberg, Jana Moldanova, Hakan Friden
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jana Moldanova, Ida-Maja Hassellov, Volker Matthias, Erik Fridell, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Erik Ytreberg, Markus Quante, Jenny Troltzsch, Ilja Maljutenko, Urmas Raudsepp, K. Martin Eriksson
Summary: The study emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach to understanding the environmental impacts of shipping, using a framework developed for a case study in the Baltic Sea. By transferring knowledge and concepts from air pollution assessments, a better understanding of shipping-related impacts can be achieved.
Article
Environmental Studies
Anna Lunde Hermansson, Ida-Maja Hassellov, Jana Moldanova, Erik Ytreberg
Summary: New global regulations implemented in January 2020 limit the maximum sulphur content in marine fuels. Installing exhaust gas cleaning systems can lead to increased discharge of pollutants into the marine environment. Considering environmental loads and impact of contaminants from shipping, it is crucial to include both the marine and the atmospheric perspectives for a comprehensive evaluation.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ilja Maljutenko, Ida-Maja Hassello, Martin Eriksson, Erik Ytreberg, Daniel Yngsell, Lasse Johansson, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Mariliis Kouts, Mari-Liis Kasemets, Jana Moldanova, Kerstin Magnusson, Urmas Raudsepp
Summary: Major sources of pollution from shipping to marine environments include antifouling paint residues and various types of water discharges. Studies have shown that the dispersion of contaminants is influenced by surface kinetic energy and vertical stratification at the discharge location, with an elevated concentration persisting for about two days and dispersing over a spatial scale of 10-60 km.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Oskari Kangasniemi, Pauli Simonen, Jana Moldanova, Hilkka Timonen, Luis M. F. Barreira, Heidi Hellen, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Elisa Majamaki, Barbara D'Anna, Grazia Lanzafame, Brice Temime-Roussel, Johan Mellqvist, Jorma Keskinen, Miikka Dal Maso
Summary: Shipping emissions are a major source of atmospheric particulate matter. The volatility of gaseous and particulate ship emissions is poorly understood, but it has the potential to significantly impact emissions evolution and the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA).
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lea Fink, Matthias Karl, Volker Matthias, Sonia Oppo, Richard Kranenburg, Jeroen Kuenen, Jana Moldanova, Sara Jutterstrom, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Elisa Majamaki
Summary: Shipping has a significant share in air pollutant emissions, particularly in the Mediterranean Sea, where high levels of pollutants from shipping emissions are observed. This study used five different regional transport models to simulate atmospheric pollutants in the Mediterranean Sea, with a focus on shipping emissions. The models showed differences in time series and patterns, but all underestimated NO2 and overestimated O-3 concentrations. The potential impact of ships on NO2 concentrations was particularly high on main shipping routes and coastal regions, while the impact on O-3 concentrations was lowest in regions with high NO2 impact. The CAMx and CHIMERE models produced the highest potential impacts of ships on NO2 and O-3 concentrations.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ranjeet S. Sokhi, Nicolas Moussiopoulos, Alexander Baklanov, John Bartzis, Isabelle Coll, Sandro Finardi, Rainer Friedrich, Camilla Geels, Tiia Gronholm, Tomas Halenka, Matthias Ketzel, Androniki Maragkidou, Volker Matthias, Jana Moldanova, Leonidas Ntziachristos, Klaus Schafer, Peter Suppan, George Tsegas, Greg Carmichael, Vicente Franco, Steve Hanna, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Guus J. M. Velders, Jaakko Kukkonen
Summary: This review article provides insights into air quality research from a community perspective, focusing on developments over the past decade. It discusses current and future challenges, research needs, and recommendations for selected key topics. The article also highlights the importance of air quality policy and addresses the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on air quality.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Johannes Passig, Julian Schade, Robert Irsig, Thomas Kroeger-Badge, Hendryk Czech, Thomas Adam, Henrik Fallgren, Jana Moldanova, Martin Sklorz, Thorsten Streibel, Ralf Zimmermann
Summary: The distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on ambient aerosol particles in a pristine environment on the Swedish western coast was investigated. The study utilized single-particle mass spectrometry to reveal both the inorganic particle composition and particle-bound PAHs. The results showed that most PAH-containing particles were internal mixtures of carbonaceous material, secondary nitrate, and metals from distant sources in central and eastern Europe. Additionally, the study provided insights into the particles' origin, aging, and mixing state through the analysis of single-particle PAH spectra and inorganic composition.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sara Jutterstrom, Filip Moldan, Jana Moldanova, Matthias Karl, Volker Matthias, Maximilian Posch
Summary: Ship emissions of nitrogen and sulfur contribute significantly to coastal deposition and acidification/eutrophication near the Baltic Sea. Implementation of NECA and SECA can decrease nitrogen impacts, but eutrophication effects still persist. Geographically, the impact of shipping emissions is unevenly distributed within countries, with coastal areas experiencing higher effects than national summaries suggest.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Martin O. P. Ramacher, Lin Tang, Jana Moldanova, Volker Matthias, Matthias Karl, Erik Fridell, Lasse Johansson
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lin Tang, Martin O. P. Ramacher, Jana Moldanova, Volker Matthias, Matthias Karl, Lasse Johansson, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Katarina Yaramenka, Armin Aulinger, Malin Gustafsson
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Johannes Passig, Julian Schade, Ellen Iva Rosewig, Robert Irsig, Thomas Kroeger-Badge, Hendryk Czech, Martin Sklorz, Thorsten Streibel, Lei Li, Xue Li, Zhen Zhou, Henrik Fallgren, Jana Moldanova, Ralf Zimmermann
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2020)