Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Kangsan Kim, Minjeong Kang, Byung-Kwan Cho
Summary: In recent years, there has been increasing interest in gut commensal engineering for therapeutic applications. Recent advancements in synthetic biology and systems biology have enabled effective utilization of gut commensals for therapy and diagnosis, including the rational design of synthetic microbial consortia and the construction of synthetic cells that can detect specific signals in the intestine and deliver therapeutic drugs in real-time.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuri Haneishi, Yuma Furuya, Mayu Hasegawa, Antonio Picarelli, Mauro Rossi, Junki Miyamoto
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a rapidly increasing inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract worldwide. Recent research suggests that factors such as genetics, environment, microbiota, and immune responses are involved in its development, but the underlying causes are unclear. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota, particularly a decrease in specific genera, has been identified as a possible trigger for IBD. Improving gut microbiota and identifying specific bacterial species are crucial for understanding and treating IBD and autoimmune diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carolina Battistini, Rafael Ballan, Marcos Edgar Herkenhoff, Susana Marta Isay Saad, Jun Sun
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammation of the GI tract, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, associated with microbiota dysbiosis and vitamin D deficiency. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms and therapeutic potential related to vitamin D/VDR in gut microbiota modulation for IBD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lie Zheng, Xin-Li Wen
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The interaction of environment, microbiome, and immune factors in a genetically susceptible host triggers IBD, leading to an increased interest in microbiome-modulating interventions for treatment. Probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and gene manipulation have shown potential curative effects in treating IBD.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Jiao Meng, Shufan Liu, Xin Wu
Summary: The use of probiotics to regulate intestinal microbiota has gained international attention for preventing and treating various disorders. Conventional probiotics have some regulatory functions, but cannot treat certain diseases. However, recent advancements in synthetic biology have led to significant progress in engineering probiotics with desired characteristics and functionalities for various disease detections and treatments.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adi Eindor-Abarbanel, Genelle R. Healey, Kevan Jacobson
Summary: There is increasing evidence that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Studies have shown characteristic shifts in the composition of the intestinal microbiota in patients with IBD, leading to the development of new therapeutic approaches targeting the gut microbiome. Differences in therapeutic responses between pediatric and adult patient cohorts have been observed in microbiome modulation therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Palni Kundra, Carole Rachmuhl, Christophe Lacroix, Annelies Geirnaert
Summary: In patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), low dietary micronutrient intake and deficiencies are common, which may also affect the functioning of the gut microbiota. There is a need for further research to understand the mechanisms of micronutrient-microbiome-host interactions and their role in alleviating inflammation in IBD.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcella Pesce, Luisa Seguella, Alessandro Del Re, Jie Lu, Irene Palenca, Chiara Corpetti, Sara Rurgo, Walter Sanseverino, Giovanni Sarnelli, Giuseppe Esposito
Summary: Engineered probiotics are a cutting-edge therapy in treating intestinal inflammatory diseases, offering a new strategy with therapeutically operative molecules. Traditional treatments have side effects, prompting the search for new and effective therapies as a global goal in research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Camilla Fiorindi, Edda Russo, Lucrezia Balocchini, Amedeo Amedei, Francesco Giudici
Summary: This article discusses the factors and management methods of inflammatory bowel disease, focusing on the impact of different dietary plans on gut microbiota and inflammation, aiming to better customize nutritional interventions.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Angela Ancona, Claudia Petito, Irene Iavarone, Valentina Petito, Linda Galasso, Alessia Leonetti, Laura Turchini, Daniela Belella, Daniele Ferrarrese, Giovanni Addolorato, Alessandro Armuzzi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Franco Scaldaferri
Summary: Research highlights the significant bidirectional communication between gut microbiota and the brain in treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders, with a focus on the impact of the first five years of life on the development of gut microbiota, immune system, and psychological alterations. The review specifically explores the link between specific microbial genera, gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, anxiety, and depression, as well as the effects of various therapeutic strategies for mood disorders on gut microbiota.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael W. Dougherty, Christian Jobin
Summary: The development of colorectal cancer is influenced by the presence of bacterial communities in the gastrointestinal tract. These microorganisms obtain essential nutrients from indigestible compounds and play a role in molecular signaling pathways that are necessary for normal tissue and immune function. Several bacterial species, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and pks(+) E. coli, have been identified to potentially increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Recent research has expanded on this topic to include host mutational status, microbial heterogeneity within tumors, transient infections, and the cumulative effects of multiple carcinogenic bacteria. This review provides an updated overview of how host-bacteria interactions influence colorectal cancer development, potential applications in diagnosis or prevention, and the impact of the gut microbiome on colorectal cancer treatment efficacy.
Review
Microbiology
Zhikai Zhang, Xuejiang Wang, Feng Li
Summary: Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) can be obtained by acidolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis, and the products obtained by different methods have different structures and physiological functions. AOS have received increasing interest because of their many health-promoting properties. However, the roles of AOS in the intestinal inflammation network are still not well understood.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Namrata Iyer, Sinead C. Corr
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a multifactorial etiology involving genetic, microbial, and environmental factors. The intestinal epithelium plays a central role in disease pathogenesis, while microbial metabolites are key regulators of gut homeostasis and the pathogenesis of IBD.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hala Elzayat, Ghaidaa Mesto, Farah Al-Marzooq
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Recent research has shown the significant role of the oral and gut microbiome in the development and progression of IBD and their impact on overall gut health. The interconnected oral and gut microbiome, as complex microbial communities, are implicated in IBD pathogenesis, and understanding their relationship can provide insights into disease management and prevention strategies.
Article
Microbiology
Ram Hari Dahal, Shukho Kim, Yu Kyung Kim, Eun Soo Kim, Jungmin Kim
Summary: The gut microbiome consists of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, and viral communities. Various factors such as diet, age, stress, host genetics, and diseases can affect the diversity and abundance of bacterial species in the gut (dysbiosis). This study aimed to investigate the gut microbial composition in healthy controls (HCs) with Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and ischemic colitis (IC) and identify biomarkers for distinguishing these conditions. The researchers used culture-independent and culture-based methods to analyze the gut microbial profile and validated biomarkers using quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR). They found that CD, UC, and IC conditions were associated with reduced bacterial diversity and species richness compared to HCs. Specific changes in microbial abundance were observed, including a decrease in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Prevotella sp. and an increase in potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli. Different bacteria were found to be abundant in CD, UC, and IC patients, suggesting potential biomarkers for each condition. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii reduction and increased abundance of specific bacteria could serve as biomarkers for CD, UC, and IC, respectively, aiding in diagnosis.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Kineret Serebrinsky-Duek, Maria Barra, Tal Danino, Daniel Garrido
Summary: We developed molecular biosensors that can quantitatively detect the absence of propionate and butyrate using logic NOT gates and bacterial promoters. Furthermore, we demonstrated the potential of these genetic systems for delivering therapeutic molecules in the gut.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Samantha Nunez, Maria Barra, Daniel Garrido
Summary: In this study, a molecular quantification method of free fucose was designed and developed using fluorescent Escherichia coli. The molecular circuit showed specificity against other monosaccharides and exhibited a linear response in the range of 0-45 mM. The biosensor was successfully tested on different concentrations of free fucose and the supernatant of Bifidobacterium bifidum JCM 1254, indicating its applicability in detecting free fucose.