Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
RuiYan Mei, WeiWei Qin, YanHua Zheng, Zhuo Wan, Li Liu
Summary: Exosomes secreted by adipose tissue play a crucial role in metabolic disorders, regulating specific mechanisms related to obesity, adipose inflammation, and diabetes. Adipose tissue is a major source of circulating exosomal miRNAs, which not only alter the state of patients with metabolic diseases but also affect the communication between metabolic organs.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marina Chaves de Oliveira, Ana Leticia Malheiros Silveira, Amanda Carla Clemente de Oliveira, Jaqueline Pereira Lana, Katia Anunciacao Costa, Erica Leandro Marciano Vieira, Vanessa Pinho, Mauro Martins Teixeira, Fatiha Merabtene, Genevieve Marcelin, Karine Clement, Adaliene Versiani Matos Ferreira
Summary: This study evaluated the participation of eosinophils in metabolic and adipose tissue homeostasis in mice and humans, showing that eosinophils play a role in controlling systemic and adipose tissue metabolic homeostasis by modulating glucose metabolism, inflammation, and visceral fat expansion. These findings provide important insights into the pathogenesis of obesity and metabolic-related diseases.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jessica Latorre, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Nuria Oliveras-Canellas, Francisco Ortega, Ferran Comas, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete
Summary: This study investigated the role of CDO1 gene expression in adipose tissue and found that higher CDO1 expression was associated with improved metabolic profiles, decreased fasting triglycerides and blood HbA1c levels, as well as gene expression markers of adipocyte function and inflammation in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue.
Review
Immunology
Yu Zhen, Wentao Shu, Xintong Hou, Yinan Wang
Summary: This study focuses on the role of innate immune cells in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to changes induced by obesity, leading to chronic inflammation and metabolic diseases. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding the quantitative and functional changes in immune cells in the context of obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction, highlighting the need to consider complex interactive networks among different cell populations in the development of biotherapeutic strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michaella Ben-Shachar, Tehila Daniel, Ayala Wollman, Sharmila Govindaraj, Sarit Aviel-Ronen, Albert Pinhasov, Tovit Rosenzweig
Summary: Chronic stress affects the development of obesity-related metabolic outcomes. In this study, researchers investigated the impact of stress response on metabolic health under obesity using a mouse model. The results showed that mice with stress vulnerability exhibited negative metabolic effects when fed a high-fat diet, while mice with stress resilience were protected. Furthermore, the study found a correlation between stress resiliency and inflammation in the development of healthy or unhealthy obesity.
Article
Cell Biology
Cheoljun Choi, Abhirup Saha, Seungchan An, Yoon Keun Cho, Heeseong Kim, Minsoo Noh, Yun-Hee Lee
Summary: This study found that during obesity, increased expression of Cx43 in macrophages promotes inflammatory responses in adipose tissue. Knocking out Cx43 in macrophages can reduce inflammatory responses in adipose tissue and improve glucose tolerance.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisa Felix-Soriano, Neira Sainz, Marta Fernandez-Galilea, Eva Gil-Iturbe, Jon Celay, Jose A. Martinez-Climent, Maria J. Moreno-Aliaga
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the potential beneficial effects of chronic docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on restoring subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) plasticity in obese aged female mice. The results showed that the DHA-enriched diet reduced adipocyte size and reversed the upregulation of lipogenic genes induced by the high fat diet (HFD). DHA supplementation restored the increase of proinflammatory genes, switched scWAT macrophages profile to a healthier phenotype, and induced beige adipocyte markers in obese aged mice.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gemma Carreras-Badosa, Ariadna Gomez-Vilarrubla, Berta Mas-Pares, Silvia Xargay-Torrent, Anna Prats-Puig, Elsa Puerto-Carranza, Francis de Zegher, Lourdes Ibanez, Judit Bassols, Abel Lopez-Bermejo
Summary: GDF-15 is positively associated with immunoglobulin levels in apparently healthy children, especially in those with higher body mass index or renal fat accumulation, suggesting a potential role of GDF-15 in regulating the immune adaptive system in human obesity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Gema Fruehbeck, Javier Gomez-Ambrosi, Beatriz Ramirez, Amaia Mentxaka, Amaia Rodriguez, Sara Becerril, Gabriel Reina, Victor Valenti, Rafael Moncada, Camilo Silva, Victoria Catalan
Summary: This study found that circulating levels of IL-36 gamma were increased in patients with obesity, and decreased after weight and fat loss. The gene expression levels of IL36G were upregulated in visceral adipose tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with obesity. IL-36 gamma plays a role in regulating chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, and serves as a link between adipose tissue biology and obesity-associated comorbidities.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Paola de Candia, Claudio Procaccini, Claudia Russo, Maria Teresa Lepore, Giuseppe Matarese
Summary: Regulatory T cells, as key metabolic sensors, play a crucial role in controlling immune state and have promising therapeutic potential for autoimmune and metabolic disorders.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rosaria Vari, Beatrice Scazzocchio, Annalisa Silenzi, Claudio Giovannini, Roberta Masella
Summary: Obesity is a main risk factor for chronic diseases, while curcumin shows potential anti-inflammatory properties that can combat inflammation caused by obesity.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Seyyed Mohammad Reza Hashemnia, Reza Meshkani, Fahimeh Zamani-Garmsiri, Maryam Shabani, Maryam Tajabadi-Ebrahimi, Iraj Ragerdi Kashani, Seyed Davar Siadat, Samaneh Mohassel Azadi, Solaleh Emamgholipour
Summary: New evidence suggests that B. coagulans can be a promising alternative for treating metabolic disorders. However, its effects on obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation are still unknown.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oscar Osorio-Conles, Arturo Vega-Beyhart, Ainitze Ibarzabal, Jose Maria Balibrea, Josep Vidal, Ana de Hollanda
Summary: The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of dangerous heart attack risk factors. This study compares the dysfunction of obesity-associated white adipose tissue (WAT) between women with severe obesity with or without metabolic syndrome. The results show that women with metabolic syndrome exhibit greater adipocyte hypertrophy, increased fibrosis, and higher expression of macrophage and hypoxia markers in subcutaneous adipose tissue.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ruping Pan, Jiadai Liu, Yong Chen
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is classified into four types, with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) having the highest incidence rate and being most associated with obesity. T2DM is characterized by high blood glucose due to insulin resistance and insufficient insulin secretion. Obesity causes insulin resistance, but it can potentially be treated by activating thermogenic adipose tissues.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuan-Yuan Wang, Ya-Di Wang, Xiao-Yan Qi, Zhe-Zhen Liao, Yun-Ni Mai, Xin-Hua Xiao
Summary: Obesity is linked to chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, with alterations in adipose tissue macrophages playing a crucial role. Metabolic organs communicate with adipose tissue macrophages through secretion of organokines or exosomes, influencing obesity treatment outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdulmohsen Alterki, Mohamed Abu-Farha, Eman Al Shawaf, Fahd Al-Mulla, Jehad Abubaker
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a prevalent but underdiagnosed disorder that disrupts the circadian rhythm and is characterized by frequent interruptions in breathing during sleep, leading to systemic consequences. OSA is a well-recognized risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and it is also linked to obesity. The pathogenesis of both OSA and obesity involve oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Sardar Sindhu, Rasheed Ahmad
Article
Cell Biology
Ashraf Al Madhoun, Shihab Kochumon, Dania Haddad, Reeby Thomas, Rasheeba Nizam, Lavina Miranda, Sardar Sindhu, Milad S. Bitar, Rasheed Ahmad, Fahd Al-Mulla
Summary: Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Obese individuals have higher levels of CAV1 protein in adipose tissues. This study found a positive correlation between CAV1 gene expression and TNF-a. and NF -KB gene expression in obese adipose tissues.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fatema Al-Rashed, Dania Haddad, Ashraf Al Madhoun, Sardar Sindhu, Texy Jacob, Shihab Kochumon, Lina M. Obeid, Fahd Al-Mulla, Yusuf A. Hannun, Rasheed Ahmad
Summary: This study investigated the role of acyl-CoA synthetase-1 (ACSL1) in promoting the foamy/inflammatory phenotype of monocytes/macrophages under acute-high-fat feeding (AHFF) conditions. ACSL1 inhibition/knockdown suppressed the foamy/inflammatory phenotype by inhibiting the CD36-FABP4-p38-PPAR delta signaling axis. Oral administration of ACSL1 inhibitor triacsin-C in mice normalized the inflammatory/foamy phenotype of circulatory monocytes by suppressing FABP4 expression. Targeting ACSL1 can provide a therapeutic strategy to prevent AHFF-induced macrophage foaming and inflammation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nadeem Akhter, Ajit Wilson, Hossein Arefanian, Reeby Thomas, Shihab Kochumon, Fatema Al-Rashed, Mohamed Abu-Farha, Ashraf Al-Madhoun, Fahd Al-Mulla, Rasheed Ahmad, Sardar Sindhu
Summary: Obesity and metabolic syndrome are associated with metabolic inflammation, endotoxin, and free fatty acids. The study found that the interaction between metabolic stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress promotes inflammation and triggers TNF-alpha production through the ROS/CHOP/HIF-1 alpha and MAPK/NF-kappa B pathways. Antioxidants show therapeutic potential in inflammatory conditions involving metabolic/ER stresses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Anwar Mohammad, Eman Alshawaf, Hossein Arefanian, Sulaiman K. Marafie, Abbas Khan, Dong-Qing Wei, Fahd Al-Mulla, Jehad Abubaker
Summary: In this study, natural medicinal compounds were investigated as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2-NSP3 macrodomain-I. Computational modeling and simulation tools were used to explore the structural dynamics and binding affinity of the compounds. Two significant hits were identified, with strong binding affinity and inhibitory potential. The findings provide a basis for novel drug development against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rashed Alhammad, Mohamed Abu-Farha, Abdur Rahman, Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj, Lemia Shaban, Reem Alsabah, Samar Hamad, Maha M. Hammad, Arshad Channanath, Fahd Al-Mulla, Jehad Abubaker
Summary: This study investigated the association between LRG1 and iron deficiency anemia markers in school-aged children. High LRG1 levels were observed in anemic children compared to non-anemic children. Significant correlations were found between LRG1 and various markers including Hb, albumin, iron, and RDW. This research provides valuable insights into the relationship between LRG1 and iron deficiency anemia in children.
Article
Cell Biology
Mohamed Abu-Farha, Dhanya Madhu, Prashantha Hebbar, Anwar Mohammad, Arshad Channanath, Sina Kavalakatt, Nada Alam-Eldin, Fatima Alterki, Ibrahim Taher, Osama Alsmadi, Mohammad Shehab, Hossein Arefanian, Rasheed Ahmad, Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj, Fahd Al-Mulla, Jehad Abubaker
Summary: The ANGPTL8 R59W variant is associated with increased levels of TNF alpha, IL7, and NF-kappa B p65 activity. The weak transient binding of the ANGPTL8 R59W variant explains its regulatory role on the NF-kappa B pathway and inflammation.
Review
Cell Biology
Sulaiman K. Marafie, Fahd Al-Mulla
Summary: Post-translational modifications are crucial for regulating human diseases, and furin, a type of irreversible post-translational modifier, plays a role in the context of type 2 diabetes and the mTOR signaling pathway. Understanding the role of furin in diabetes and exploring its genetic variants is important for future therapeutic interventions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohamed Abu-Farha, Shibu Joseph, Anwar Mohammad, Arshad Channanath, Ibrahim Taher, Fahd Al-Mulla, Muhammad Mujammami, Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj, Jehad Abubaker, Anas M. Abdel Rahman
Summary: This study used metabolomics to investigate the impact of the ANGPTL8 R59W variant on metabolites in Arab individuals. The results showed significant associations between the variant and concentrations of lipid- and inflammation-related metabolites, highlighting the importance of this gene in lipid metabolism.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhi Liu, Aleksandar Krstic, Ashish Neve, Cristina Casalou, Nora Rauch, Kieran Wynne, Hilary Cassidy, Amanda McCann, Emma Kavanagh, Brendan McCann, Alfonso Blanco, Jens Rauch, Walter Kolch
Summary: KSR1 plays a critical role in mutant BRAF transformation, and its loss results in impaired cell proliferation and migration, cell cycle abnormalities, cellular senescence, and apoptosis. The study reveals that KSR1 directs ERK to phosphorylate substrates essential for cell survival, and its loss activates p38 MAPK pathway leading to cell cycle aberrations and senescence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Cell Biology
N. K. Aboud, L. Garcia-Gutierrez, W. Kolch, D. Matallanas
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Cell Biology
N. K. Aboud, L. Garcia-Gutierrez, W. Kolch, D. Matallanas
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hana Th. Almajed, Mohamed Abu-Farha, Eman Alshawaf, Sriraman Devarajan, Zahra Alsairafi, Ashraf Elhelaly, Preethi Cherian, Irina Al-Khairi, Hamad Ali, Rose Mol Jose, Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj, Ebaa Al-Ozairi, Fahd Al-Mulla, Abdulnabi Al Attar, Jehad Abubaker
Summary: This study found a significant increase in circulating ANGPTL8 levels in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), and the levels of ANGPTL8 were positively correlated with IGFBP-4 levels. This suggests a potential role of both ANGPTL8 and IGFBP-4 in the pathophysiology of DN. These findings highlight the significance of these biomarkers and suggest them as promising diagnostic molecules for the detection of DN.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)