Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zuzana Strizova, Iva Benesova, Robin Bartolini, Rene Novysedlak, Eva Cecrdlova, Lily Koumbas Foley, Ilja Striz
Summary: Macrophages are a heterogeneous cell population with various roles in defense mechanisms and tissue homeostasis. They can adopt different activation states depending on the microenvironment and natural signals they receive.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chih-Hsing Hung, Hua-Yu Hsu, Hsin-Ying Clair Chiou, Mei-Lan Tsai, Huey-Ling You, Yu-Chih Lin, Wei-Ting Liao, Yi-Ching Lin
Summary: Arsenic can promote macrophage polarization to M2 type, resulting in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lung epithelial cells. This study found that arsenic induces repolarization of M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages through the autophagy/mitophagy pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Peiwu Ding, Jie Liu, Yidi Meng, Hongfei Wang, Yun Huang, Guanhua Su, Chaorui Xia, Xinling Du, Nianguo Dong, Tianpen Cui, Jiaming Zhang, Jingdong Li
Summary: The study found that MFG-E8 and CaMKII may collaboratively regulate myocardial remodeling and M1/M2 macrophage polarization after MI. MFG-E8 can inhibit the polarization of M1 macrophages and promote the polarization of M2 macrophages.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Hengfang Zhang, Shuang Zhang, Xuan Dang, Lexun Lin, Liping Ren, Rong Song
Summary: Macrophages play a crucial role in the development of periodontitis and their phenotype is influenced by GPNMB protein. Overexpression of GPNMB in macrophages was found to enhance the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors and inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryoka Uchiyama, Eriko Toyoda, Miki Maehara, Shiho Wasai, Haruka Omura, Masahiko Watanabe, Masato Sato
Summary: PRP purified using commercial kits can affect macrophage polarization, with APS having a higher concentration of M1 and M2 macrophage related factors. When PRP supernatants were added to monocyte-derived macrophages and M1 polarized macrophages, it was observed that PRPs suppressed M1 macrophage polarization and promoted M2 macrophage polarization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Takahira Yamauchi, Manabu Makinodan, Michihiro Toritsuka, Kazuki Okumura, Yoshinori Kayashima, Rio Ishida, Naoko Kishimoto, Masato Takahashi, Takashi Komori, Yasunari Yamaguchi, Ryohei Takada, Kazuhiko Yamamuro, Sohei Kimoto, Yuka Yasuda, Ryota Hashimoto, Toshifumi Kishimoto
Summary: The expression of TNF-alpha in M1 macrophages and the ratio of TNF-alpha expression in M1/M2 macrophages were significantly higher in patients with ASD compared to TD individuals, while no significant difference was found in TNF-alpha expression in monocytes. This finding suggests that TNF-alpha expression in cultured macrophages may provide insights into the pathobiology of ASD and could serve as biomarkers for diagnosis in adults with high-functioning ASD.
Article
Oncology
Iolanda Spera, Ricardo Sanchez-Rodriguez, Maria Favia, Alessio Menga, Francisca C. Venegas, Roberta Angioni, Fabio Munari, Martina Lanza, Annalisa Campanella, Ciro L. Pierri, Marcella Canton, Alessandra Castegna
Summary: The study validated an in-house generated immortalized macrophage cell line from BMDMs by comparing its functional and metabolic characteristics to primary macrophages, showing similar features. This immortalized cell line can be used as a suitable model for evaluating how perturbations can influence the phenotypical and functional features of murine macrophages in vitro.
Review
Immunology
Maurizio Cutolo, Rosanna Campitiello, Emanuele Gotelli, Stefano Soldano
Summary: This article discusses the balance between innate and adaptive immunity in autoimmune rheumatic diseases, specifically rheumatoid arthritis, and its impact on the inflammatory process and clinical outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yaozhong Hu, Jiaxin Gu, Jing Lin, Yi Wang, Feier Yang, Jia Yin, Zhenting Yu, Sihao Wu, Huan Lv, Xuemeng Ji, Shuo Wang
Summary: The intervention of EGCG on macrophage polarization was found to promote M2 polarization and inhibit M1 polarization, particularly in liver, colon, spleen, and brain.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Claire E. Witherel, Kimheak Sao, Becky K. Brisson, Biao Han, Susan W. Volk, Ryan J. Petrie, Lin Han, Kara L. Spiller
Summary: This study investigates the role of macrophages in ECM assembly, showing that the phenotype of macrophages influences the formation and characteristics of fibrous tissues. By designing gelatin hydrogels containing cytokines, the shift in macrophage phenotype was promoted to affect the ECM composition and architecture.
Article
Immunology
Ding Ma, Xing Zhou, Yu Wang, Liming Dai, Jie Yuan, Jianping Peng, Xiaoling Zhang, Chuandong Wang
Summary: In this study, we investigated the expression changes of small noncoding RNAs during macrophage polarization using high-throughput sequencing analysis and qPCR. Our results showed that miRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, and repeat RNAs exhibited altered expression patterns during different polarization states, suggesting their potential roles in regulating macrophage function.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Jiuyang Liu, Xiafei Geng, Jinxuan Hou, Gaosong Wu
Summary: This article examines the critical roles of M1 and M2 macrophages in tumor progression, with M1 possessing anti-tumor properties and M2 promoting tumor growth and metastasis.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Qiuju Li, Ming Yuan, Xue Jiao, Yufei Huang, Jing Li, Dong Li, Miaomiao Ji, Guoyun Wang
Summary: The study found that M1NVs can directly or indirectly inhibit the migration and invasion of EM-ESCs, as well as reduce tube formation. In a mouse model, M1NVs suppressed the development of endometriosis by reprogramming M2 macrophages, without causing organ damage.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min Ji, Yanping Chen, Lu Zhang, Leqian Ying, Chunchun Huang, Lin Liu
Summary: The contribution of M2 macrophages and related genes to the prognosis of colon cancer is uncertain. This study constructed a risk model using M2 macrophage-related genes (M2RGs) to predict the prognosis of colon cancer patients. The risk model was positively associated with clinicopathological characteristics, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint inhibitor targets, immune escape risk, and the efficiency of anti-cancer medications.
APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hong Zhen, Hongbo Hu, Guojie Rong, Xiuxiu Huang, Chang Tan, Xinyuan Yu
Summary: Administration of vitamin A or vitamin D can alleviate BPD-linked pulmonary injury induced by LPS and have a significant impact on macrophage polarization.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Paolo Carrega, Paola Orecchia, Linda Quatrini, Nicola Tumino, Roberta Vene, Roberto Benelli, Alessandro Poggi, Stefano Scabini, Maria Cristina Mingari, Lorenzo Moretta, Paola Vacca
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Luigi Pistelli, Clementina Sansone, Arianna Smerilli, Marco Festa, Douglas M. Noonan, Adriana Albini, Christophe Brunet
Summary: The study found that marine microalgae are a valuable and eco-sustainable source of pigments that can be used for photochemoprevention. Certain marine pigments can effectively reduce UV-induced damage in melanoma model cells and regulate intracellular reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide levels, thereby intervening in signaling pathways associated with cancer induction.
Review
Immunology
Andrea De Lerma Barbaro, Maria Teresa Palano, Martina Cucchiara, Matteo Gallazzi, Lorenzo Mortara, Antonino Bruno
Summary: The article examines the importance of immune cell effector metabolism, focusing on neutrophils and NK cells in the fields of cancer immunology and tumor immunometabolism, and reviews relevant strategies for targeting tumor metabolism.
Article
Immunology
Maria Teresa Palano, Matteo Gallazzi, Martina Cucchiara, Andrea De Lerma Barbaro, Daniela Gallo, Barbara Bassani, Antonino Bruno, Lorenzo Mortara
Summary: The tumor immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in tumor development by facilitating interactions between immune cells through cell-to-cell contact and soluble factors. Cells like neutrophils and natural killer cells contribute to tumor progression through dangerous liaisons, dissecting cellular and molecular mechanisms involved.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonino Bruno, Douglas M. Noonan, Roberto Valli, Giovanni Porta, Roberto Taramelli, Lorenzo Mortara, Francesco Acquati
Summary: Ovarian cancer is a malignant gynecological cancer with a 5-year survival rate of 25-30% in the last decade. Cancer immunotherapy is considered a promising strategy for ovarian cancer treatment. The human RNASET2 gene plays a crucial role in suppressing tumor diversity by establishing functional communication between ovarian cancer cells and innate immune system effectors. The protein product of RNASET2 promotes the recruitment of anti-tumoral macrophages to the cancer tissue. This finding suggests the potential of developing a multitasking therapeutic approach for ovarian cancer treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Clementina Sansone, Luigi Pistelli, Angelo Del Mondo, Luana Calabrone, Angelo Fontana, Douglas M. Noonan, Adriana Albini, Christophe Brunet
Summary: This study demonstrates the anti-inflammatory effects of Diatoxanthin (Dt) on human lung cells, specifically the A549-hACE2 cell line. Dt enhances cell metabolism and ACE2 enzymatic activity, while decreasing the production of interleukin-6 and increasing the release of interleukin-10 in response to the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. Dt also upregulates genes and proteins related to the interferon pathway and innate immunity response. These findings suggest that Dt may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment and/or prevention of severe inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natasa Kustrimovic, Raffaella Bombelli, Denisa Baci, Lorenzo Mortara
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that alterations in microbiota composition may play a crucial role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of prostate cancer. The use of biological technologies has enabled the study of the microbiome signature in the gut, urinary tract, and prostate and its correlation with inflammation, host immunity response, and cancer progression. Understanding the complex interactions between the microbiome and prostate cancer could lead to improved treatment approaches and patient outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valentina Artusa, Luana Calabrone, Lorenzo Mortara, Francesco Peri, Antonino Bruno
Summary: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are important tumour-initiating cells that play a crucial role in recurrence after chemotherapy. Targeting CSCs by exploiting their signature molecular pathways offers opportunities for therapies. Inhibiting stemness can reduce the risk posed by CSCs, limiting their capacity for tumorigenesis, proliferation, metastasis, and recurrence. This article discusses the role of CSCs in tumour biology, CSC therapy resistance mechanisms, the role of the gut microbiota in cancer development and treatment, and current advances in discovering microbiota-derived natural compounds targeting CSCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Gallo, Denisa Baci, Natasa Kustrimovic, Nicola Lanzo, Bohdan Patera, Maria Laura Tanda, Eliana Piantanida, Lorenzo Mortara
Summary: Vitamin D plays a vital role in bone health and is involved in various cellular processes. It has been found to have clinical implications in immune surveillance against infections and autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. Recent research has focused on the role of innate immune cells and their interaction with vitamin D and acquired immune cells in the onset and regulation of certain autoimmune diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Luana Calabrone, Valentina Carlini, Douglas M. M. Noonan, Marco Festa, Cinzia Ferrario, Danilo Morelli, Debora Macis, Angelo Fontana, Luigi Pistelli, Christophe Brunet, Clementina Sansone, Adriana Albini
Summary: The exploration of natural preventive molecules from marine microorganisms for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical use has increased. In this study, an extract from the marine diatom Skeletonema marinoi and its carotenoid pigment fucoxanthin showed potential chemopreventive and anti-angiogenic activities against prostate cancer and endothelial cells. The extract and fucoxanthin inhibited cell growth and hindered vascular network formation. Molecular analysis revealed modulations in angiogenesis and inflammation molecules. These findings highlight the potential of microalgae-derived drugs as a source of novel nutraceuticals for cancer prevention.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barbara Bassani, Martina Cucchiara, Andrea Butera, Omar Kayali, Alessandro Chiesa, Maria Teresa Palano, Francesca Olmeo, Matteo Gallazzi, Claudia Paola Bruna Dellavia, Lorenzo Mortara, Luca Parisi, Antonino Bruno
Summary: This review examines the multifaceted involvement of neutrophils in periodontitis and summarizes their contribution to periodontal-related comorbidities. Neutrophils play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and defending against microbial threats. However, in the context of periodontitis, neutrophil dysfunction and sustained inflammation can lead to tissue damage, bone resorption, and the development of systemic comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis. Understanding the role of neutrophils in periodontitis pathogenesis and their impact on systemic health has significant implications for disease management and patient care.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Campomenosi, Lorenzo Mortara, Barbara Bassani, Roberto Valli, Giovanni Porta, Antonino Bruno, Francesco Acquati
Summary: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in developing innovative anticancer therapies targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME). Extensive research over the past two decades has revealed a consistent anticancer activity for several members of the T2 ribonuclease family, found in evolutionarily distant species. These ribonucleases have multi-tasking properties that can counteract cancer cell growth at multiple levels, affecting crucial processes in TME-induced tumor growth.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natasa Kustrimovic, Daniela Gallo, Eliana Piantanida, Luigi Bartalena, Adriana Lai, Nicola Zerbinati, Maria Laura Tanda, Lorenzo Mortara
Summary: Maintaining the delicate balance between immune response and tolerance is crucial for health. T regulatory cells play a pivotal role in preserving self-tolerance and suppressing inflammation. In Graves' disease, these cells are likely impaired or reduced in frequency. Understanding the role of Tregs in Graves' disease is important for developing new treatment strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)