Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amalia Papanikolopoulou, Helena C. Maltezou, Athina Stoupis, Dimitra Kalimeri, Androula Pavli, Fotini Boufidou, Maria Karalexi, Nikos Pantazis, Constantinos Pantos, Yannis Tountas, Vasiliki Koumaki, Maria Kantzanou, Athanasios Tsakris
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between CAUTIs, MDR bacteremia, and infection control interventions. The results showed that the use of scrub disinfectant solutions was associated with decreased CAUTI rates, and hand hygiene measures had a significant impact on infection control.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Wendy K. Jo, Edmilson Ferreira de Oliveira-Filho, Andrea Rasche, Alex D. Greenwood, Klaus Osterrieder, Jan Felix Drexler
Summary: The origins of the COVID-19 virus likely lie in animals such as bats and pangolins, rather than humans. Carnivores like domestic cats, ferrets, and minks are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, with evidence of possible cat-to-human transmission through airborne routes. Experimental assessments and studies are needed to evaluate the risk posed by COVID-19 in domestic and farmed carnivores.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Noha A. Kamel, Khaled M. Elsayed, Mohamed F. Awad, Khaled M. Aboshanab, Mervat I. El Borhamy
Summary: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of multidisciplinary approaches in controlling and treating infections caused by CRE and ESBL producers in a major tertiary healthcare setting in Egypt. The incidence rate of CRE and ESBL producers decreased after the implementation of multimodal infection control interventions. The highest resistance pattern was observed in CRE towards all tested beta-lactams and aminoglycosides, while both CRE and ESBL producers showed high susceptibility to colistin and tigecycline.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Katharina Ameli, Theresa F. Braun, Stephanie Kraemer
Summary: Animals play a crucial role in social occupational fields and their positive effects have been described in theory and practice. However, the significance of animal welfare in animal-assisted intervention settings has not been extensively researched. This study analyzed individual views on animal welfare based on interviews with professionals working with animals. It revealed that animal welfare plays an important role in animal-assisted interventions and identified various factors and actions relevant to ensuring animal welfare.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
A. Papanikolopoulou, H. C. Maltezou, P. Gargalianos-Kakolyris, I Michou, Y. Kalofissoudis, N. Moussas, N. Pantazis, E. Kotteas, K. N. Syrigos, C. Pantos, Y. Tountas, A. Tsakris, M. Kantzanou
Summary: A study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Greece found that hand hygiene was significantly associated with a reduction in the incidence of central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). Time-series analysis is an important tool for evaluating the effectiveness of infection control interventions.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Antonio Santaniello, Ilaria Cimmino, Ludovico Dipineto, Ayewa Lawoe Agognon, Francesco Beguinot, Pietro Formisano, Alessandro Fioretti, Lucia Francesca Menna, Francesco Oriente
Summary: Animal-assisted interventions have ancient roots and can improve human health, but there are risks of infectious disease transmission, especially E. cuniculi infection. Accurate diagnosis and control of infection are crucial in this field.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Flora Cruz-Lopez, Adrian Martinez-Melendez, Elvira Garza-Gonzalez
Summary: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a global public health concern and are associated with high mortality and antimicrobial resistance. The hospital environment serves as a potential reservoir for pathogenic microbial strains, which can persist on medical equipment surfaces, patient surroundings, and patient and healthcare worker surfaces. Understanding the hospital microbiota can provide knowledge on the relationship between commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, their role in HAI development, and the environmental conditions that promote their proliferation.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alexandra Peters, Marie N. Schmid, Pierre Parneix, Dan Lebowitz, Marlieke de Kraker, Julien Sauser, Walter Zingg, Didier Pittet
Summary: Healthcare-associated infections are a serious threat to patient safety globally, and the importance of hospital environmental hygiene has been revalued in infection prevention and control. Interventions in the healthcare environment have shown a reduction in patient colonization and healthcare-associated infections caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms, but more high-quality studies are needed for further verification.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Wing-Kee Yiek, Olga Coenen, Mayke Nillesen, Jakko van Ingen, Edmee Bowles, Alma Tostmann
Summary: Healthcare-associated infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Water in the environment can be a source of infection linked to outbreaks in hospitals. Proper handling, cleaning, and disinfection of water-containing medical devices are crucial in reducing microbial transmission to patients.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL
(2021)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Lisa Townsend, Nancy R. Gee
Summary: The rapid growth of Animal-assisted Interventions (AAI) has demonstrated the positive impact of animals on individuals' physical and mental health. The evolution of AAI towards incorporating animal welfare principles highlights the importance of considering animals' emotional well-being. Challenges remain in effectively monitoring animals in AAI settings, particularly in recognizing and addressing canine distress signals.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Erin R. Whitehouse, Anna Mandra, Jesse Bonwitt, Erin A. Beasley, Joanna Taliano, Agam K. Rao
Summary: Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for rabies is widely administered and highly effective. However, sporadic breakthrough infections have been reported. A systematic review of articles was conducted to characterize breakthrough infections. The review identified 52 articles with a total of 122 breakthrough infections. Adherence to core practices, such as wound cleaning and vaccine administration, varied among cases. Most participants received PEP within 2 days of exposure and severe wounds were common. Other possible causes of breakthrough infections included errors in immunoglobulin administration and delays in seeking healthcare.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Melissa Trevathan-Minnis, Amy Johnson, Ann R. Howie
Summary: AAI is a rapidly growing transdisciplinary field that requires more consistent language and standards. Animal-assisted interventions have specific goals within human-animal interactions, such as therapy, education, or vocational work. This article recommends a new set of competencies and guidelines to address the limitations within the field.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bernard Davoust, Stephanie Watier-Grillot, Cedric Roqueplo, Didier Raoult, Oleg Mediannikov
Summary: Veterinarians and doctors at the University Hospital Institute Mediterranee Infection (IHU) in Marseille, France, have been conducting epidemiological investigations for nearly thirty years, focusing on zoonotic infections between humans and animals. They have published 76 peer-reviewed articles on their studies, which have led to the detection of around thirty zoonotic pathogens and embody an original implementation of the One Health concept.
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Jana Meixner, Kurt Kotrschal
Summary: Dog-assisted interventions in educational settings have the potential to help children with special educational needs improve their emotional, social, and cognitive skills. However, there is still limited reliable evidence for the effectiveness of this approach, and the results from studies are mixed.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Yaqiong Guo, Una Ryan, Yaoyu Feng, Lihua Xiao
Summary: Animal farming intensification and concentrated animal feeding operations have led to heavy environmental contamination and increased transmission of zoonotic pathogens, causing changes in disease patterns and outbreaks in both humans and farm animals.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Zofia N. Zysman-Colman, Marissa J. Kilberg, Victor S. Harrison, Alessandra Chesi, Struan F. A. Grant, Jonathan Mitchell, Saba Sheikh, Denis Hadjiliadis, Michael R. Rickels, Ronald C. Rubenstein, Andrea Kelly
Summary: Despite improvements in health, shorter stature remains common in cystic fibrosis (CF). Youth with CF generally experience normal linear growth in mid- and late childhood compared to their peers and mid-parental height. Pancreatic insufficiency plays a role in tempering the heritability of height in CF individuals. Genetic risk scores provide better insight into height variability in pancreatic sufficient individuals compared to pancreatic insufficient individuals, suggesting additional factors influence height outcomes in CF.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Camille A. King, Thomas J. Smith, Elizabeth Holman, James A. Serpell, Temple Grandin
Summary: This study investigated factors influencing people's willingness to adopt dogs with various medical and behavioral issues. Results showed differences between genders in perception of adoptability for dogs with these issues. Participants with personal experience with dogs tended to be more accepting of dogs with special needs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lauren Powell, Chelsea Reinhard, Donya Satriale, Margaret Morris, James Serpell, Brittany Watson
Summary: This study identified key reasons and predictors for post-adoption returns of animals in shelters. Behavioral issues and incompatibility with existing pets were common reasons for returns, with adult dogs having the highest likelihood of being returned post-adoption. Breed and age were significant predictors of return likelihood and outcomes, with Pit bull-type breeds being more likely to be returned multiple times and euthanized post-return. The findings underscore the importance of considering animal behavior in adoption processes to reduce the likelihood of returns and improve post-adoption outcomes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kathryn R. Dalton, Kathy Ruble, Laurel E. Redding, Daniel O. Morris, Noel T. Mueller, Roland J. Thorpe, Jacqueline Agnew, Karen C. Carroll, Paul J. Planet, Ronald C. Rubenstein, Allen R. Chen, Elizabeth A. Grice, Meghan F. Davis
Summary: This study evaluated potential microbial sharing between pediatric patients and therapy dogs in healthcare settings. Results showed changes in the nasal microbiome of both patients and dogs. Increased contact was associated with greater microbial sharing between patients and therapy dogs, but a chlorhexidine-based dog decolonization protocol helped decrease this sharing.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
James A. Serpell
Summary: The domestication of wolves is believed to have occurred between 40,000 and 15,000 years ago, with two main origin stories proposed - the commensal scavenger hypothesis and the pet keeping hypothesis. The former suggests self-domestication of wolves by scavenging in human settlements, while the latter points to ancient humans capturing and nurturing wolf pups as the basis for cooperative social relations.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
E. E. Hecht, I Zapata, C. E. Alvarez, D. A. Gutman, T. M. Preuss, M. Kent, J. A. Serpell
Summary: The study found that behavioral traits in dogs are related to neural structures, with social processing and fight-or-flight response networks associated with fear and aggression, while trainability is linked to the expansion of brain cortex.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lauren Powell, Deborah L. Duffy, Katherine A. Kruger, Brittany Watson, James A. Serpell
Summary: The study found that relinquishing owners had a high rate of denial when directly asked about behavior issues with their dog but their dogs scored higher on most behavior assessment scales, indicating more undesirable behaviors. Relinquishing owners' reports were not influenced by confidentiality, suggesting their lack of understanding of dog behavior may be a factor.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lauren Powell, Chelsea L. Reinhard, James Serpell, Brittany Watson
Summary: Shelter medicine has grown significantly in recent years, leading to a shortage of shelter veterinarians and retention concerns. This study aimed to understand veterinarians' perceptions of shelter medicine and their job satisfaction, loneliness, and professional fulfillment. Findings suggest that involvement in decision-making for patients and shelter management procedures may increase willingness to continue working in shelter medicine, and strategies to improve workplace relationships and offer career development opportunities could enhance job satisfaction and retention of veterinarians.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Isain Zapata, M. Leanne Lilly, Meghan E. Herron, James A. Serpell, Carlos E. Alvarez
Summary: This study found that multiple genetic markers are associated with canine behavioral traits and diagnoses. Small body size is associated with various problem behaviors, while large body size is associated with increased trainability. Having children in the home is associated with canine anxiety, while illness and other animals in the home are associated with coprophagia. Pit Bull-type dogs are strongly associated with leash pulling behavior.
Article
Pediatrics
Zofia Zysman-Colman, Zoya Munsar, Saba Sheikh, Ronald C. Rubenstein, Andrea Kelly
Summary: This study compared weight-for-length and body mass index as estimators of undernutrition in children with cystic fibrosis. The results indicated that body mass index may better capture undernourished status than weight-for-length in shorter infants.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
David J. Menor-Campos, Carlos Ruiz-Soriano, James Serpell
Summary: The Fe-BARQ is a validated survey instrument for understanding cat behavior, with its Spanish version also demonstrating good reliability and validity. The study reveals that various factors such as age, outdoor access, household structure, and breed can influence cat behavior.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY BEHAVIOR-CLINICAL APPLICATIONS AND RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Lauren Powell, Chelsea L. Reinhard, James Serpell, Brittany Watson
Summary: Shelter medicine is popular among prospective veterinarians, but there is a shortage of veterinarians entering the field. This study found high levels of interest in shelter medicine among veterinary students, but they had concerns about compassion fatigue, weekend work, and euthanasia. Students rated shelter medicine duties and employment characteristics more positively than veterinarians.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lauren Powell, Chelsea L. Reinhard, Donya Satriale, Margaret Morris, James Serpell, Brittany Watson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of unsuccessful animal adoptions on owners' willingness to adopt again. The research found that 10% of individuals adopted animals from the shelter within 12 months of return, and the likelihood of post-return adoption was influenced by return reasons and species. Returns due to owner-related reasons, such as health issues or unrealistic expectations, reduced the chances of post-return adoption, while returns due to the animal's health increased the likelihood. The findings highlight the importance of aligning adopters' expectations with the reality of owning a pet and minimizing behavioral incompatibility between owners and animals.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shanis Barnard, Hannah Flint, Alessia Diana, Traci Shreyer, Aitor Arrazola, James Serpell, Candace Croney
Summary: Rehoming can be stressful for dogs retired from commercial breeding kennels, and their ability to adapt to a new home environment is important for successful adoption. This study investigated the welfare of retiring dogs and its association with management practices in kennels, as well as behavioral factors related to rehoming outcomes.
Article
Respiratory System
Anna L. O'Dea, Rui Feng, Laurel J. Glaser, Christina Kubrak, Ronald C. Rubenstein, Daniel J. Dorgan, Denis Hadjiliadis, Steven M. Kawut, Gina Hong
Summary: The clinical significance of Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) detection in the absence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in cystic fibrosis (CF) airways remains unclear. Positive Af culture result was associated with both lower FEV1 percent predicted and increased frequency of severe pulmonary exacerbations in individuals with CF.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
