Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jonatan R. Granborg, Svend G. Kaasgaard, Christian Janfelt
Summary: Enzymatic treatment of maize in wet-milling processes has been used to increase the yield of extracted starch and proteins by breaking down insoluble cell-wall polysaccharides. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) can be a useful tool for identifying reaction products and understanding enzyme performance and substrate composition in maize samples.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qiqi Dong, Xinhua Zhao, Dongying Zhou, Zhenhua Liu, Xiaolong Shi, Yang Yuan, Peiyan Jia, Yingyan Liu, Penghao Song, Xiaoguang Wang, Chunji Jiang, Xibo Liu, He Zhang, Chao Zhong, Feng Guo, Shubo Wan, Haiqiu Yu, Zheng Zhang
Summary: Belowground interactions mediated by root exudates play a critical role in the productivity and efficiency of intercropping systems. This study investigated the assembly of microbial communities in maize, peanuts, and shared rhizosphere soil, as well as their regulatory mechanisms on root exudates under different planting patterns. The results showed that intercropped maize had significantly increased yield, while intercropped peanuts had significantly decreased yield. Root interactions had a significant effect on the content of ammonium nitrogen and the activities of related enzymes in the rhizosphere soil. Network analysis revealed a reshaped bacterial community composition and increased relative abundance of Bradyrhizobium in the shared soil of intercropped maize and peanuts. These findings suggest that interspecific root interactions improve the soil microenvironment, regulate nitrogen absorption and utilization, and provide a theoretical basis for high yield and sustainable development in maize and peanut intercropping.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jonatan R. Granborg, Svend G. Kaasgaard, Christian Janfelt
Summary: In the wet-milling of maize, using enzymes to degrade cell-wall polysaccharides can improve the extraction of starch. Mass spectrometry imaging was used to compare the degradation products and their distribution in maize kernels after treatment with xylanases. The images revealed the ability of the enzymes to produce various oligosaccharides in different locations of the maize kernels, providing new information on the efficiency of xylanase and possible changes in the arabinoxylan substrate.
JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Arnold Szilagyi, Laszlo Radocz, Maria Takacsne Hajos, Csaba Juhasz, Bela Kovacs, Gabriella Kovacs, Erika Budayne Bodi, Csaba Radvanyi, Makoena Joyce Moloi, Lorant Szoke
Summary: Woolly cupgrass exhibits allelopathic effects on maize, leading to inhibited growth parameters. Increased activities of antioxidative enzymes in the shoots may contribute to stabilizing leaf chlorophyll, promoting shoot protein, and dry weight. Further research is needed to explore the potential mechanisms underlying these findings and their implications for maize yield improvement under woolly cupgrass infestation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xuepei Zhang, Zhaowei Meng, Christian M. Beusch, Hassan Gharibi, Qing Cheng, Hezheng Lyu, Luciano Di Stefano, Jijing Wang, Amir A. Saei, Akos Vegvari, Massimiliano Gaetani, Roman A. Zubarev
Summary: This study investigated the effects of simultaneous depletion of heavy carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen isotopes on the bacterium E. coli and the enzymes expressed in it. The results showed that bacteria and enzymes grown in depleted media exhibited faster kinetics, possibly due to diminished conformational and vibrational entropy.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Long Wang, Xiaohui Wang, Fanqi Gao, Changning Lv, Likun Li, Tong Han, Fajun Chen
Summary: The promotion and application of transgenic Bt crops provide a way to prevent and control target lepidopteran pests and reduce environmental pressure from chemical pesticides. However, increased CO2 concentration poses a new risk to Bt crops, affecting their ecological sustainability. Inoculating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can enhance maize yield and defense substance expression under elevated CO2, improving insect resistance in Bt crops.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Liangjie Niu, Weili Huang, Lunyu Liu, Chenhui Xu, Xiaolin Wu, Wei Wang
Summary: This study investigated proteome changes in rapidly growing maize coleoptiles using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Significant changes in protein profiles were observed at specific time points, with 21 proteins related to growth processes. The rapid growth of coleoptiles is largely attributed to enhanced cellular processes and increased synthesis of growth-related proteins.
Article
Plant Sciences
Di Li, Jinlong Dong, Nazim S. Gruda, Xun Li, Zengqiang Duan
Summary: Greenhouse cultivation in winter often leads to low CO2 concentration and root-zone temperature, which are main limiting factors for vegetable growth. Increasing root-zone temperature has a greater impact on cucumber yield and total dry weight compared to elevated CO2. Long-term elevated CO2 can lead to photosynthetic acclimation in cucumber plants.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Haydee E. Laza, Veronica Acosta-Martinez, Amanda Cano, Jeff Baker, James Mahan, Dennis Gitz, Yves Emendack, Lindsey Slaughter, Robert Lascano, David Tissue, Paxton Payton
Summary: The study found that soil respiration and temperature could serve as indicators of ecosystem productivity and climate feedback in future semi-arid climates. Soil organic carbon and AMF were also identified as indicators of soil nutrient status. This research provides important insights into understanding the impact of these changes on soil ecology and climate feedback, as well as the carbon cycling and productivity of peanut agroecosystems in future climates.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lingling Qu, Xiaotian Gu, Jing Li, Jian Guo, Dalei Lu
Summary: Heat stress during grain filling leads to accelerated degradation of chlorophyll, disrupted reactive oxygen species metabolism, reduced antioxidant enzyme activity, and leaf damage. Down-regulation of photosynthesis-related genes inhibits enzymatic activities involved in photosynthesis, thereby reducing yield. The study also found that YN7 showed higher heat tolerance than SYN5, suggesting its potential use in waxy maize planting areas with frequent high temperatures.
Article
Agronomy
Bettina Eichler-Loebermann, Theresa Zicker, Mareike Kavka, Stephanie Busch, Christine Brandt, Philipp Stahn, Konrad Miegel
Summary: Mixed cropping of cereals and legumes can benefit from complementary utilization of resources, especially under conditions of phosphorus deficiency. This study found that the performance of cereal-legume mixtures can be independent of external phosphorus supply and may even outperform sole cropping of maize or sorghum in terms of yields and phosphorus uptake.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chunhua Lv, Zhenghua Hu, Jian Wei, Yin Wang
Summary: The maternal carbon dioxide environment affects the response of rice offspring to elevated carbon dioxide, resulting in decreased stomatal density and photosynthetic benefits. These findings contribute new insights into predicting future crop growth and yield.
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sadam Hussain, JinJin Wang, Muhammad Asad Naseer, Muhammad Saqib, Manzer H. Siddiqui, Fahid Ihsan, Xiaoli Chen, Xiaolong Ren, Saddam Hussain, Hafiz Naveed Ramzan
Summary: Intercropping plays a crucial role in improving drought tolerance in rainfed wheat and maize in the semiarid Loess Plateau of China by enhancing physiological and biochemical characteristics, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities. This study found that intercropping treatments significantly increased photosynthesis, gas exchange traits, and antioxidant activities, while reducing lipid peroxidation and malondialdehyde content. Furthermore, intercropping and nitrogen addition also regulated the expression levels of multiple genes, improving the drought tolerance of the crops.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Venkatesh Kokila, Radha Prasanna, Arun Kumar, Sekar Nishanth, Jyoti Shukla, Udita Gulia, Lata Nain, Yashbir Singh Shivay, Awani Kumar Singh
Summary: This study investigated the influence of cyanobacterial inoculants on soil and plant parameters and found that cyanobacterial inoculation can significantly enhance soil nutrients, crop growth, and productivity under elevated CO2 conditions.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sumera Javad, Saba Maqsood, Anis Ali Shah, Ajit Singh, Adnan Noor Shah, Muhammad Nawaz, Muhammad Amjad Bashir, Eman M. El Nashar, Mansour A. Alghamdi, Attalla F. El-kott, Walid F. A. Mosa
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) on mitigating heavy metal stress in wheat. The results showed that the application of IONPs significantly improved the growth and antioxidant capacity of wheat plants. Therefore, IONPs have a positive effect on alleviating heavy metal stress in wheat.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sunil K. Gupta, Marisha Sharma, Vivek K. Maurya, Farah Deeba, Vivek Pandey
Summary: This study investigated the proteomic response in apoplast and chloroplast pathways of wheat varieties under ethylenediurea (EDU) treatment to tropospheric ozone (O-3). The results show that EDU activates antioxidant defense mechanisms and regulates protein abundance to minimize ozone stress. Plants can develop O-3 tolerance by optimizing the apoplast ROS pool under EDU treatment.
Article
Plant Sciences
Anil Kumar, Varun Kumar, Arvind Kumar Dubey, Mohd Akram Ansari, Shiv Narayan, Meenakshi, Sanoj Kumar, Vivek Pandey, Veena Pande, Indraneel Sanyal
Summary: The over-expression of the CaGrx gene led to elevated activity of glutaredoxin and induced antioxidant enzymes, antioxidants, and stress-responsive amino acids in Arabidopsis plants exposed to drought and salinity. This enhancement in the antioxidant defense system provided tolerance against both stresses, reducing stress markers, enhancing root growth and seed germination, and improving physiological parameters, chlorophylls, and carotenoids. Moreover, the increased activity of the cysteine biosynthesis enzyme led to elevated glutathione biosynthesis, maintaining the ascorbate-glutathione cycle under stress conditions.
PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pratiksha Singh, Rekha Kannaujia, Shiv Narayan, Ashish Tewari, Pramod A. Shirke, Vivek Pandey
Summary: The study revealed that long-term exposure to elevated ozone levels had significant effects on the photosynthetic traits and anti-oxidative defense system of Leucaena leucocephala. While the tree initially showed greater sensitivity to ozone during the first 12 months, it developed moderate tolerance by the end of the second year.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Xiao-Long Bai, Qi Liu, Dharmalingam Mohandass, Min Cao, Han-Dong Wen, Ya-Jun Chen, Sunil Kumar Gupta, Lu-Xiang Lin, Jiao-Lin Zhang
Summary: The study found that in high elevation subtropical forests in Southwest China, the spatial distribution of lianas is mainly influenced by spatial autocorrelation, with host trees and topography playing a smaller role in explaining their spatial distribution.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rekha Kannaujia, Pratiksha Singh, Vivek Prasad, Vivek Pandey
Summary: The study evaluated the potential of biogenic silver nanoparticles (B-AgNPs) as an effective ozone protectant for wheat, showing promising results in enhancing ozone tolerance and improving yield attributes in wheat cultivars. Particularly, the 25 mg/L concentration of B-AgNPs demonstrated a more pronounced effect on yield attributes and lower accumulation in grains for both cultivars.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mohd Akram Ansari, Nasreen Bano, Anil Kumar, Arvind Kumar Dubey, Mehar Hasan Asif, Indraneel Sanyal, Veena Pande, Vivek Pandey
Summary: This study investigated drought tolerance mechanisms in clusterbean by analyzing physiological, biochemical, and transcriptome data of tolerant and sensitive genotypes under drought stress. The tolerant genotype maintained higher relative water content, pigment concentrations, and net photosynthesis compared to the sensitive genotype. Enhanced enzymatic antioxidant activity and higher ratios of antioxidant molecules were observed in the tolerant genotype. Transcriptome analysis revealed differential expression of genes related to starch and sucrose metabolism in the tolerant genotype. Overall, these findings contribute to our understanding of drought tolerance mechanisms in clusterbean.
FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Surabhi Surabhi, Veena Pande, Vivek Pandey
Summary: EDU treatment enhances wheat growth and yield under high CO2 environment. EDU treatment also reduces oxidative stress caused by high ambient ozone. However, high CO2 environment negatively impacts grain nutrient content in wheat.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Pratiksha Singh, Ashish Tewari, Vivek Pandey
Summary: Increasing concentrations of ground-level ozone have significant impacts on the growth of Leucaena leucocephala and the properties of its rhizospheric soil. Our results suggest that the increasing ozone concentrations will have serious implications for aboveground plant growth and belowground soil fertility.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ashwani Kumar Verma, Akanksha Singh, Rajneesh Singh, Prabhatam Mishra, Shiv Narayan, Vivek Pandey, Pramod Arvind Shirke, Sribash Roy
Summary: This study investigates the methylome, transcriptome, and morpho-physiological responses of two Arabidopsis thaliana populations to elevated [CO2]. The results show variations in DNA methylation at the local level depending on the population origin, but no change in global methyl cytosine (mC) content. The differentially methylated genes belonged to distinct functional categories, with more genes related to methylation machinery down-regulated in the high elevation population. Understanding the epigenetic response to e[CO2] may inform future crop improvement strategies.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sharfa Naaz, Richa Rai, Dibyendu Adhikari, Rekha Kannaujia, Rushna Jamal, M. A. Ansari, Israil Ansari, Vivek Pandey, S. K. Barik
Summary: This study investigates the geographic distribution and yield of wheat under future climate change scenarios using global General Circulation Models (GCMs) and Free Air CO2/O3 Enrichment (FACE) experiments. The results show a reduction in climatically suitable areas for wheat cultivation and differential impacts of elevated CO2, O-3, and temperature on wheat yield. Only two wheat cultivars showed no yield decline, while the majority exhibited significant declines. The study concludes that the future of wheat cultivation in India is bleak.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Pradyumna Kumar Singh, Yuvraj Indoliya, Lalit Agrawal, Surabhi Awasthi, Farah Deeba, Sanjay Dwivedi, Debasis A. Chakrabarty, Pramod Shirke, Vivek Pandey, Nandita Singh, Om Prakash Dhankher, Saroj Kanta Barik, Rudra Deo Tripathi
Summary: Drought stress affects plant biomass production and yield, and studying the genomic and proteomic mechanisms behind it can provide insights for developing effective strategies to overcome drought stress and improve crop yield.
CURRENT PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
