Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ling Huang, Weiwei Wang, Giulio Zanaroli, Ping Xu, Hongzhi Tang
Summary: This study identified a cytochrome P450-encoding gene responsible for HBCD catabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa HS9, showing that debromination and hydrogenation reactions are carried out by the enzyme CYP168A1. Detection of metabolites and O-18 isotope experiments confirmed the degradation mechanism of HBCDs.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ashley S. Meakin, Jack R. T. Darby, Stacey L. Holman, Michael D. Wiese, Janna L. Morrison
Summary: This study found that maternal hypoglycemia may reduce the activity of CYP1A2 in the maternal-fetal-placental unit, leading to increased exposure of the developing fetus to CYP1A2-specific substances. This suggests the need for further consideration of drug dosing adjustments in cases of late gestation maternal undernutrition.
Article
Developmental Biology
Ashley S. Meakin, Marzieh Amirmostofian, Jack Rt Darby, Stacey L. Holman, Janna L. Morrison, Michael D. Wiese
Summary: This study validated an assay to quantify the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in different compartments of the sheep maternal-placental-fetal unit. The results showed that maternal liver had several active CYP enzymes, while placenta and fetal liver had only a few active CYP enzymes. This study provides important insights for studying drug metabolism during pregnancy.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aalekhya Reddam, Andreas Sjodin, Whitney Cowell, Richard Jones, Shuang Wang, Frederica Perera, Julie B. Herbstman, Allison Kupsco
Summary: This study found associations between exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and birth outcomes in a cohort of Dominican and African American newborns, mainly affecting birth weight and length.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jinsong Xue, Qingqing Xiao, Min Zhang, Dan Li, Xiaofei Wang
Summary: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used flame retardants found in various materials. They have been detected in soil, air, water, dust, and animal tissues, and are associated with a range of toxic effects on different organ systems. Understanding the mechanisms and potential toxicity of PBDEs is important for developing effective prevention strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruiming Zhang, Pengfei Li, Xiangli Shi, Ruiying Zhang, Junjie Wang, Yanwei Li, Qingzhu Zhang, Wenxing Wang
Summary: Understanding the metabolic mechanism and derivatives of PBDEs is crucial for risk assessment. This study elucidated the metabolic mechanism of BDE-47 catalyzed by P450 enzymes and found that electrophilic addition is the main pathway. The resulting 6-OH-BDE-47 is a more kinetically preferable product and can lead to the formation of toxic PBDD/Fs.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Naomi Azar, Linda Booij, Gina Muckle, Tye E. Arbuckle, Jean R. Seguin, Elizabeth Asztalos, William D. Fraser, Bruce P. Lanphear, Maryse F. Bouchard
Summary: The study found that prenatal exposure to background levels of PBDEs, especially BDE-47, was associated with lower IQ scores in boys, but not in girls. This suggests that exposure to PBDEs during early development may have a sex-dependent and detrimental effect on a child's neurodevelopmental trajectory.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mantong Jin, Shunfei Zhang, Jiaqi He, Zhuhao Lu, Shanshan Zhou, Nanxi Ye
Summary: The study investigated PBDE contamination in the microenvironment of family automobiles in Hangzhou City, China. Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) was found to be the major component, primarily sourced from volatile polyurethanes in seat covers and foot pads. Infants and toddlers were most exposed to PBDEs, with BDE-47 and -99 posing the primary health risks.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Sanjita Paudel, Younah Kim, Su Min Choi, Ju-Hyun Kim, Jong-Sup Bae, Taeho Lee, Sangkyu Lee
Summary: Suberosin, a natural prenylated coumarin derivative, has been found to have various pharmacological properties, particularly as an anticoagulant. This study characterized the metabolic pathway and metabolites of suberosin in human liver microsomes, identifying eight metabolites and determining CYP1A2 and CYP2B6 as the major enzymes involved in its metabolism. Hydroxylation was found to be the predominant metabolic pathway in the phase I metabolism of suberosin. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of these metabolites in an in vivo system.
JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jiawei Chang, Hao Chen, Jia Chen, Xuehu Sun, Xuesheng Wu, Lei Liu, Zhouwei Xu, Weidong Chen, Jianlin Zhang, Xingyu Wang, Qingwang Liu
Summary: This study investigated the in vitro metabolism of cabozantinib in animal species and humans, revealing various metabolites and major metabolic pathways. The research showed that cabozantinib is primarily metabolized by the enzyme CYP3A4, providing valuable metabolic data for safety and efficacy assessment of the drug.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bingbing Sun, Jing Liu, Yu-Qi Zhang, Kenneth M. Y. Leungb, Eddy Y. Zeng
Summary: This study found that PBDEs in microplastics can leach upon ingestion, but the leaching kinetics of inherent contaminants from ingested microplastics are poorly understood. Although the bioaccumulation of PBDEs in fish oil can be accelerated in the gastrointestinal tract, the steady-state concentrations of PBDEs in cod tissue lipid through ingestion of microplastics were found to be below the lower end of the global PBDE concentration, suggesting that ingestion of microplastics by organisms remains a negligible pathway.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruixue Guo, Yumeng Qi, Beibei Li, Nannan Wu, Jie Tian, Zunyao Wang, Ruijuan Qu
Summary: This study systematically investigates the degradation kinetics and mechanisms of two common PBDEs congeners on biomass under sunlight irradiation conditions. It reveals the highest photodegradation rate on specific types of biomass and highlights the involvement of hydroxyl H in lignin from biomass in the formation of primary products.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Binxu Liu, Ningning Song, Tao Jiang, Juan Wu, Lei Zhang, Wei Ge, Chao Chai
Summary: The study investigated the distribution, congener patterns, possible sources, and ecological risks of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the surface sediments of 20 fishing ports along the coast of Bohai Sea. The results showed that BDE-209 was the dominant congener and high concentrations of PBDEs were found near Liaohe River, Haihe River, manufacturing plants of BFRs near Laizhou Bay, and tipping areas of marine garbage.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhenfei Yan, Chenglian Feng, Xiaowei Jin, Daqing Liu, Yajun Hong, Yu Qiao, Yingchen Bai, Hyo-Bang Moon, Abdul Qadeer, Fengchang Wu
Summary: In this study, in vitro metabolism kinetics of cresyl diphenyl phosphate (CDP) in crucian carp liver microsomes were comprehensively investigated, revealing that the metabolism rate of CDP was higher than other OPEs. The results suggest that CDP may easily accumulate in aquatic organisms, providing important information for understanding the environmental fate and metabolic processes of these substances.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Hongyu Li, Yunxue Li, Bushra Maryam, Zhiyong Ji, Jun Sun, Xianhua Liu
Summary: The combined toxicity of microplastics and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) poses a significant threat to aquaculture and food safety, affecting the health and gene expression of farmed fishes.
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stephanie Chaousis, Frederic D. L. Leusch, Colin J. Limpus, Amanda Nouwens, Liesbeth J. Weijs, Antonia Weltmeyer, Adrian Covaci, Jason P. van de Merwe
Summary: All seven species of sea turtle are facing increasing pressures from human activities that are impacting their health. Changes in blood proteins can indicate adverse health outcomes. This study examines the protein abundance in sea turtle plasma, compares protein expression between different populations, and investigates markers of contaminant exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaobo Zheng, Xiaodan Wu, Qian Zheng, Bi-Xian Mai, Rongliang Qiu
Summary: This study determined the abundances of microplastics (MPs) in various terrestrial and aquatic species from an abandoned e-waste recycling site. The abundances of MPs in wildlife were found to be positively correlated with body weight per individual but negatively correlated with body weight per body weight. The composition of polymer types in terrestrial vertebrates, especially birds, was more complex compared to other organisms.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shoji F. Nakayama, Annie St-Amand, Tyler Pollock, Petra Apel, Yu Ait Bamai, Dana Boyd Barr, Jos Bessems, Antonia M. Calafat, Argelia Castano, Adrian Covaci, Radu Corneliu Duca, Sarah Faure, Karen S. Galea, Sean Hays, Nancy B. Hopf, Yuki Ito, Maryam Zare Jeddi, Marike Kolossa-Gehring, Eva Kumar, Judy S. LaKind, Marta Esteban Lopez, Henriqueta Louro, Kristin Macey, Konstantinos C. Makris, Lisa Melnyk, Aline Murawski, Josh Naiman, Julianne Nassif, Nolwenn Noisel, Devika Poddalgoda, Lesliam Quiros-Alcala, Ata Rafiee, Loic Rambaud, Maria Joao Silva, Jun Ueyama, Marc-Andre Verner, Maisarah Nasution Waras, Kate Werry
Summary: Human biomonitoring (HBM) data can be used to compare population exposures, but finding the relevant health-based biomonitoring guidance values can be time-consuming. To address this issue, an online repository called the Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value (HB2GV) Dashboard has been created. This database provides a centralized location for researchers and decision makers to access and interpret HBM data.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Siebe Lievens, Evelynn Vervoort, Giulia Poma, Adrian Covaci, Mik Van Der Borght
Summary: Concerns about microplastics in the environment have grown, leading scientists to conduct thorough studies. A cryogenic grinding and wet-sieving method was developed to efficiently produce and fractionate microplastics. With this method, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics could be produced with specific particle sizes and easily separated into different size ranges. The method has the potential to be applied to other types of plastics as well.
METHODS AND PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chien-chia Chen, Karabi Mondal, Philippe Vervliet, Adrian Covaci, Evan P. O'Brien, Karl J. Rockne, James L. Drummond, Luke Hanley
Summary: Compound identification by database searching is commonly used in mass spectrometric data analysis. Machine learning was applied to statistically evaluate the identification results generated by software. Logistic regression was used to assign identification probabilities for each compound, providing more confidence in identification beyond database matching.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Elias Iturrospe, Rani Robeyns, Katyeny Manuela da Silva, Maria van de Lavoir, Joost Boeckmans, Tamara Vanhaecke, Alexander L. N. van Nuijs, Adrian Covaci
Summary: Despite being common, alcoholic liver disease remains poorly understood, especially in its early stages. In this study, alcoholic steatohepatitis was simulated in vitro to investigate the metabolic alterations and identify affected pathways. The researchers discovered key findings, such as the influence of TNF-alpha on hepatic triglycerides and the detection of FAHFA-containing triglycerides in human hepatocytes, which may play an important role in the progression of alcoholic steatohepatitis. Additionally, ethoxylated phosphorylcholine was identified as a potential new biomarker of ethanol exposure.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shanshan Yin, Thomas J. McGrath, Adam Cseresznye, Jasper Bombeke, Giulia Poma, Adrian Covaci
Summary: Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are a major environmental concern and it is essential to have an effective tool for monitoring personal exposure to CPs. In this study, silicone wristbands (SWBs) were used as a personal passive sampler, and results showed that micro-environments were key contributors to dermal exposure to CPs.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Katyeny Manuela da Silva, Michele Woelk, Palina Nepachalovich, Elias Iturrospe, Adrian Covaci, Alexander L. N. van Nuijs, Maria Fedorova
Summary: Epilipids, a subset of the lipidome, play a crucial role in regulating redox lipid metabolism and influencing cell fate decisions. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) combined with liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) can improve the peak capacity and separation ability for the analysis of oxidized complex lipids. This study demonstrates the advantages and limitations of implementing IMS in LC-HRMS workflows and provides insights into the annotation of oxidized complex lipids.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lidia Belova, Giulia Poma, Maarten Roggeman, Yunsun Jeong, Da-Hye Kim, Patrick Berghmans, Jan Peters, Amina Salamova, Alexander L. N. van Nuijs, Adrian Covaci
Summary: Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) in European indoor dust were identified, characterized, and semi-quantified using ion-mobility high-resolution mass spectrometry. Targeted QACs (21) and suspect QACs (17) were detected with high detection frequencies. The concentrations of individual QACs were estimated and daily intakes for adults and toddlers were calculated. This study provides important insights into the potential human exposure to QACs.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thomas J. McGrath, Giulia Poma, Sebastien Hutinet, Yukiko Fujii, Robin E. Dodson, Boris Johnson-Restrepo, Dudsadee Muenhor, Gaud Dervilly, Ronan Cariou, Adrian Covaci
Summary: In this study, dust samples from Japan, Australia, Colombia, and Thailand were analyzed for different chain lengths of chlorinated paraffins. The results showed that chlorinated paraffins were detected in all samples, with the highest concentrations found in samples from Colombia and Thailand. Based on current toxicological data, it was determined that short-chain and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins in indoor dust do not pose a health risk through ingestion.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elisabeth Hansen, Jiachen Sun, Bjorn Helander, Jan Ove Bustnes, Igor Eulaers, Veerle L. B. Jaspers, Adrian Covaci, Marcel Eens, Sophie Bourgeon
Summary: English Summary: Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as organochlorines (OCs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), can have adverse health effects on wildlife. White-tailed eagles in the Baltic ecosystem have suffered population declines due to severe exposure to DDT and PCB. In this study, feathers from breeding WTE pairs were analyzed to investigate the annual variations in feather corticosterone (fCORT), POPs, and dietary proxies. The results did not support fCORT as a relevant biomarker of contaminant-mediated effects in WTEs, but fCORT can be used as a non-destructive assessment of long-term stress physiology in wild raptors.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paulien Cleys, Lucas Panneel, Jasper Bombeke, Catalina Dumitrascu, Govindan Malarvannan, Giulia Poma, Antonius Mulder, Philippe G. Jorens, Adrian Covaci
Summary: This study reports metabolites of phthalate and alternative plasticizers in neonatal hair samples as biomarkers for exposure to these plasticizers. Results showed that hair sampled from premature neonates after a NICU stay contained significantly higher metabolite concentrations of both phthalates and alternative plasticizers compared to healthy control neonates. Prolonged NICU exposure to respiratory support devices and gastric tubes was correlated with increased concentrations in hair samples.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yi-Ye Jiang, Yan-Hong Zeng, Rui-Feng Lu, Ke-Lan Guan, Xue-Meng Qi, Qunjie Feng, Ling Long, Yan-Ting Zhang, Xiaobo Zheng, Xiao-Jun Luo, Bi-Xian Mai
Summary: A trophic position model that considered trophic discrimination factor and beta(Glu/Phe) variations was applied to study the trophic transfer of halogenated organic pollutants in wetland food webs. The model accurately characterized the structure of the wetland food web and improved the reliability of the trophic magnification factor. The study revealed three interlocking food webs in the wetland and found that the kingfisher food web had the highest biomagnification capacity.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Anran Cai, Sylvie Remy, Virissa Lenters, Bianca Cox, Greet Schoeters, Adrian Covaci, Roel Vermeulen, Lutzen Portengen
Summary: Childhood exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may affect metabolic outcomes. Our study found associations between certain chemicals and body mass index, abdominal obesity, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Further investigation is needed for sex-specific effects.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaobo Zheng, Xiaodan Wu, Ruifeng Lu, Xingpei Cao, Bi-Xian Mai
Summary: Enrichment of chiral polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can trace their movement through food webs and this study investigated their concentrations and enantiomer fractions (EFs) in different species. The results highlighted the influences of prey uptake and biotransformation on the trophic dynamics of chiral PCBs.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
