Journal
CURRENT RHEUMATOLOGY REPORTS
Volume 22, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11926-020-00892-w
Keywords
Osteoporosis; Bone fragility; Inflammatory arthropathies; Bone mineral density; Bone quality; DXA
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI125080] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR069670] Funding Source: Medline
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Purpose of Review Patients with inflammatory arthropathies have a high rate of fragility fractures. Diagnostic assessment and monitoring of bone density and quality are therefore critically important. Here, we review standard and advanced techniques to measure bone density and quality, specifically focusing on patients with inflammatory arthropathies. Recent Findings Current standard procedures are dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT). DXA-based newer methods include trabecular bone score (TBS) and vertebral fracture assessment (VFA). More advanced imaging methods to measure bone quality include high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) as well as multi-detector CT (MD-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Quantitative ultrasound has shown promise but is not standard to assess bone fragility. While there are limitations, DXA remains the standard technique to measure density in patients with rheumatological disorders. Newer modalities to measure bone quality may allow better characterization of bone fragility but currently are not standard of care procedures.
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