Article
Hematology
Kevin T. Trigani, Scott L. Diamond
Summary: PS sorting in a clot is correlated with clot contraction, but fibrin is inversely correlated with both contraction and PS sorting. Fibrin attenuates clot contraction and PS sorting relative to clots without fibrin.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Daria S. Morozova, Alexey A. Martyanov, Sergei Obydennyi, Julia-Jessica D. Korobkin, Alexey Sokolov, Ekaterina Shamova, Irina Gorudko, Anna L. Khoreva, Anna Shcherbina, Mikhail A. Panteleev, Anastasia N. Sveshnikova
Summary: In this study, an ex vivo experimental model for observation of granulocyte activity in thrombus formation was developed. Results showed that granulocytes from patients with WAS had reduced motility compared to healthy donors. The study suggests that WASP deficiency disrupts granulocyte behavior in thromboinflammatory conditions.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chaojun Tang, Lei Wang, Yulan Sheng, Zhong Zheng, Zhanli Xie, Fan Wu, Tao You, Lijie Ren, Lijun Xia, Changgeng Ruan, Li Zhu
Summary: This study demonstrated that disturbed blood flow can induce platelet accumulation in atherosclerosis, with CLEC-2 gene knockout potentially reducing subendothelial accumulation of platelets and monocytes/macrophages, thereby ameliorating plaque formation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sobha Karuthedom George, Lucia Laukova, Rene Weiss, Vladislav Semak, Birgit Fendl, Victor U. Weiss, Stephanie Steinberger, Guenter Allmaier, Carla Tripisciano, Viktoria Weber
Summary: This study demonstrates the differences in counting and characterizing platelet-derived EVs using different instruments and techniques. Flow cytometry and nanoparticle tracking analysis can accurately quantify the number of EVs, and reveal potential discrepancies in counts between different instruments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Gloria I. Perez, Matthew P. Bernard, Daniel Vocelle, Ahmed A. Zarea, Najla A. Saleh, Matthew A. Gagea, Doug Schneider, Maxine Bauzon, Terry Hermiston, Masamitsu Kanada
Summary: Under physiological conditions, PS predominantly localizes to the cytosolic leaflet of the plasma membrane. However, during apoptosis and in tumor cell-derived EVs, PS is exposed on the cell surface. This study demonstrates the importance of PS-exposing EVs as a potential biomarker for early cancer detection, and provides insights into different EV subtypes.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Claire S. Whyte, Nicola J. Mutch
Summary: This article discusses models of thrombus formation and dissolution and their importance. By simulating physiological shear rates, these models can unravel the molecular and cellular processes that determine thrombus stability. They are of great significance for understanding the disruptions in thrombus formation and pathophysiological processes, and can help evaluate the effectiveness of novel drug targets and antithrombotic drugs.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Kjersti Tunstromer, Lars Faxalv, Pia Larsson, Tomas L. Lindahl, Niklas Boknas
Summary: Pharmacological inhibition of the platelet ADP-receptor P2Y(12) is important in preventing atherothrombotic events. Our study compared the effects of two different P2Y(12) inhibitors and found that one had a slower but significant platelet inhibitory effect. Additionally, we observed that inhibited platelets gradually accumulated at the periphery of the thrombus.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jingnan Huang, Natalie J. Jooss, Delia Fernandez, Albert Sickmann, Angel Garcia, Kanin Wichapong, Ingrid Dijkgraaf, Johan W. M. Heemskerk
Summary: This study reveals a shear-dependent signaling axis of PTK2, integrin alpha IIb beta 3, and CIB1 in collagen- and GPVI-dependent thrombus formation, which is modulated by GPR56.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Awirut Charoensappakit, Pongpratch Puapatanakul, Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa, Attakorn Palasuwan, Egarit Noulsri, Duangdao Palasuwan
Summary: This study found that patients with glomerular hematuria (GH) have higher numbers of red blood cell-derived microparticles (RMPs) and phosphatidylserine (PS)-exposing red blood cells (RBCs) in their urine. These parameters have the potential to be predictive tools for diagnosing GH.
CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Stefano Ghirardello, Anna Lecchi, Andrea Artoni, Mauro Panigada, Stefano Aliberti, Erica Scalambrino, Silvia La Marca, Marco Boscarino, Andrea Gramegna, Paolo Properzi, Chiara Abruzzese, Francesco Blasi, Giacomo Grasselli, Fabio Mosca, Armando Tripodi, Flora Peyvandi
Summary: The study found that COVID-19 patients displayed impaired platelet thrombus formation in the early phase of the disease compared to later stages and controls, independently from illness severity.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jaco Botha, Aase Handberg, Jens B. Simonsen
Summary: Flow cytometry is commonly used to characterize extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, this study found that PS labeling and detergent lysis methods may be confounded by lipoproteins. It suggests using transmembrane proteins to differentiate EVs from lipoproteins.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Hiroaki Yaoi, Yasuaki Shida, Takehisa Kitazawa, Midori Shima, Keiji Nogami
Summary: Emicizumab enhances thrombin generation and improves defective hemostasis in whole blood from PwHAs under high shear conditions. The concomitant use of bypassing agents with emicizumab does not lead to excessive thrombus formation, making it a viable option for hemostatic management of emicizumab-treated PwHAs with inhibitors.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
K. L. Zheng, H. Wallen, D. Aradi, T. C. Godschalk, C. M. Hackeng, J. R. Dahlen, J. M. Ten Berg
Summary: The study evaluated platelet function in patients with coronary artery disease receiving dual antiplatelet therapy using the T-TAS PL assay. The results showed that the assay was able to effectively discriminate between treated and untreated individuals.
Article
Hematology
Sanne L. N. Brouns, Bibian M. E. Tullemans, Cristiana Bulato, Gina Perrella, Elena Campello, Luca Spiezia, Johanna P. van Geffen, Marijke J. E. Kuijpers, Rene van Oerle, Henri M. H. Spronk, Paola E. J. van der Meijden, Paolo Simioni, Johan W. M. Heemskerk
Summary: This study assessed the role of platelets in thrombus and fibrin formation in patients with protein C or protein S deficiency under high-shear flow conditions. The results showed that these patients had impaired platelet activation, thrombus phenotype, and fibrin formation, but unchanged platelet adhesion. The defect may be caused by negative platelet priming.
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Hideki Abe, Kimika Endo, Masayuki Nogawa, Masayuki Shiba, Shigeki Miyata, Masahiro Satake
Summary: The flow path-ultraviolet C (UVC) irradiation system for platelet concentrates can improve platelet functionalities in hemostasis by enhancing clot formation and adhesion capabilities.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marijke J. E. Kuijpers, Johan W. M. Heemskerk, Kerstin Jurk
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Gael B. Morrow, Nicola J. Mutch
Summary: Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), a SERPIN inhibitor, is primarily known for its regulation of fibrinolysis. However, it is now known that this inhibitor functions and contributes to many (patho)physiological processes including inflammation, wound healing, cell adhesion, and tumor progression. This review discusses the past, present, and future roles of PAI-1, with a particular focus on the discovery of this inhibitor in the 1970s and subsequent characterization in health and disease.
SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Somodi, Emoke Horvath, Helga Bardos, Barbara Barath, David Petho, Eva Katona, Jozsef Balla, Nicola J. Mutch, Laszlo Muszbek
Summary: Macrophages express FXIII-A, which cross-links proteins and may stabilize atherosclerotic plaque. These macrophages can become foam cells by accumulating oxLDL. FXIII-A is retained during the transformation into foam cells and its content increases. The presence of FXIII-A in the plaque suggests its involvement in plaque formation and structurization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Mohammed M. Jalal, Claire S. Whyte, Fraser P. Coxon, Nicola J. Mutch
Summary: In this study, it was found that atorvastatin (ATV) impairs the prenylation of Rab27b and Rap1a, leading to weakened platelet function. ATV delays clot formation and attenuates clot firmness, inhibits platelet aggregation and clot retraction, and reduces the binding of fibrinogen and P-selectin on activated platelets. Additionally, ATV affects the structure and stability of platelets and clots.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Claire S. S. Whyte
Summary: The hemostatic and innate immune system have intricate interactions. Inflammation in blood vessels promotes thrombus formation, while fibrin is involved in the innate immune response against invading pathogens. This interplay led to the introduction of the terms thromboinflammation and immunothrombosis. Once a thrombus forms, the fibrinolytic system is responsible for resolving and removing clots. Immune cells possess fibrinolytic regulators and plasmin, the central fibrinolytic enzyme, which also have diverse roles in immune regulation. This article discusses the intricate relationship between the fibrinolytic and innate immune system.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Claire S. Whyte, Marina Panova-Noeva
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Joanne L. Mitchell, Gemma Little, Alexander P. Bye, Renato S. Gaspar, Amanda J. Unsworth, Neline Kriek, Tanya Sage, Alexander Stainer, Ibidayo Sangowawa, Gael B. Morrow, Ricardo N. Bastos, Susan Shapiro, Michael J. R. Desborough, Nicola Curry, Jonathan M. Gibbins, Claire S. Whyte, Nicola J. Mutch, Christopher I. Jones
Summary: This study identifies the role of platelet FXIII-A in platelet function. Platelet FXIII-A enhances fibrinogen binding to the platelet surface and improves platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. FXIII-A is also involved in platelet spreading and clot retraction.
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Isabella Provenzale, Ilaria De Simone, Jonathan M. Gibbins, Johan W. M. Heemskerk, Paola E. J. van der Meijden, Chris I. Jones
Summary: This study investigated the roles of different extracellular matrix proteoglycans in platelet responses and thrombus formation. It was found that one proteoglycan (perlecan) enhanced platelet activation and promoted thrombus formation, but also reduced platelet adhesion under flow. This suggests that proteoglycans play an important role in platelet activation and thrombus formation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pratima Chowdary, Banwari Agarwal, Maria Rita Peralta, Sanjay Bhagani, Simon Lee, James Goldring, Marc Lipman, Emal Waqif, Mark Phillips, Helen Philippou, Jonathan H. Foley, Nicola J. Mutch, Robert A. S. Ariens, Kathleen A. Stringer, Federico Ricciardi, Marie Watissee, Derralynn Hughes, Amit Nathwani, Anne Riddell, David Patch, Jim Buckley, Mark De Neef, Rahul Dimber, Cecilia Diaz-Garcia, Honey Patel, Aarti Nandani, Upuli Dissanayake, Nick Chadwick, Ahmed A. A. M. M. Alkhatip, Peter Watkinson, Eamon Raith, Suveer Singh, Tony Wolff, Rajeev Jha, Simon E. Brill, Ameet Bakhai, Alison Evans, Farhat Gilani, Keith Gomez
Summary: Nebulized recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) has the potential to improve lung injury and oxygenation in COVID-19 patients. Preliminary studies show better outcomes in patients receiving non-invasive respiratory support (NIRS). Randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the clinical effects.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Claire S. Whyte, Gael B. Morrow, Julia S. Gauer, Samantha J. Montague, Philip L. R. Nicolson
Summary: The 2023 annual meeting of the British Society for Haemostasis and Thrombosis (BSHT) was held in Birmingham, United Kingdom, focusing on novel therapeutics and emerging technology. This article discusses the exciting research presented at the meeting.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Megan Simpson, Anuj Narwal, Eric West, Jill Martin, Catherine N. Bagot, Andrew R. Page, Henry G. Watson, Claire S. Whyte, Nicola J. Mutch
Summary: This study found that VITT patients show evidence of overt disseminated intravascular coagulation and fibrinogenolysis, which is mediated by dysregulated plasmin generation. These findings are important for understanding the clinical features and mechanisms of VITT.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Constance C. F. M. J. Baaten, Magdolna Nagy, Wolfgang Bergmeier, Henri M. H. Spronk, Paola E. J. van der Meijden
Summary: Coronary atherosclerosis is the leading cause of heart disease in developed countries and is a chronic inflammatory process. The composition and location of atherosclerotic plaques determine the phenotype of the lesion, and plaque rupture or erosion can lead to acute clinical events. The contribution of platelets to thrombus formation differs depending on the plaque phenotype.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)