Article
Optics
Pei Huang, Hao Yuan, Huabao Cao, Hushan Wang, Xianglin Wang, Yishan Wang, Wei Zhao, Yuxi Fu
Summary: We propose and demonstrate an all-optical pulse sampling technique based on transient grating, which provides a simple and robust way to characterize ultrashort laser pulses without retrieval algorithms. The modulation of diffracted pulses directly represents the temporal profile of the perturbation pulse.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
S. Karlsson, M. Kozlowski, L. Grund, S. A. K. Andersson, K. C. E. Haller, K. Persson
Summary: This paper presents a method for non-destructive testing of glass strength. Samples of annealed float glass were subjected to controlled Vickers microindentation-induced cracking and compared to un-indented samples. The non-destructive testing using nonlinear acoustic waves resulted in defect values, which were found to correlate linearly to the indentation force. Ring-on-ring testing yielded realistic strength values in the range of 45 to 110 MPa. The study shows that a non-destructive testing method for glass strength is feasible.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jeremy Orosco, James Friend
Summary: Traditionally, acoustic streaming is assumed to be a steady-state fluid response to passing acoustic waves. However, this assumption is often invalid in modern microacoustofluidics context. This study presents a mathematical method to properly treat the spatiotemporal scale disparities between acoustics and fluid dynamics.
Article
Acoustics
Dimitri Donskoy, Dong Liu
Summary: The Vibro-Acoustic Modulation method has been actively researched for the last two decades for the detection and characterization of various structural and material flaws. This study proposes a baseline-free approach that measures the power damage coefficient beta instead of the Modulation Index, offering testing without established reference value and insights into the nonlinear mechanisms transformation during damage evolution. The experimental investigation and validation of this approach show promising results for practical applications in damage detection and monitoring.
JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
(2021)
Article
Acoustics
Yu Zhao, Yuan Chen, Lin Ye
Summary: This study develops a non-contact acoustic approach combined with an effective numerical model to accurately detect tile debonding from a wall. The method utilizes a directional sound source and a laser doppler vibrometer (LDV) to generate and capture vibration signals on the tile surface for analysis. Experimental and numerical results show good agreement, demonstrating the effectiveness of the method in detecting different shapes of debonding areas.
JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Curtis Rasmussen, Andrea Alu
Summary: The efficiency and bandwidth of traditional passive acoustic radiators are severely limited, but these constraints can be overcome by loading a piezoelectric transducer with a non-Foster active circuit, resulting in significantly improved radiation bandwidth and efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate a threefold increase in bandwidth, paving the way for non-Foster acoustic radiation technologies.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Freddy Houndekindo, Taha B. M. J. Ouarda
Summary: Statistical methods are useful in estimating wind resources and identifying locations for further investigation. This study proposes a non-parametric approach to map wind speed distribution, which is more flexible than existing methods. The results show that this approach performs better in regions with high wind regime variability.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Robotics
Jared Nakahara, Joshua R. Smith
Summary: Acoustic traps and levitation systems can manipulate objects and materials without contact, and this paper presents an acoustic balance method to measure the weight of trapped objects. The method combined with material adding and merging techniques can enable a robot to perform closed-loop operations to acquire or maintain a desired quantity of material.
IEEE ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zeyang Gao, Ting Mei
Summary: This study deduces the acoustically-induced refractive index distribution of a fiber Bragg grating, investigates the mechanism of forming acoustically-induced reflection peaks, and confirms the two-step and three-step processes through experimental validation. The results are significant for the design and application of fiber-optic devices based on acoustic-optic interactions.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Eric C. Hobson, Weiping Li, Benjamin A. Juliar, Andrew J. Putnam, Jan P. Stegemann, Cheri X. Deng
Summary: Resonant Acoustic Rheometry (RAR) is a new, non-contact technique for characterizing mechanical properties of soft and viscoelastic biomaterials. RAR uses surface wave analysis to extract material properties, providing consistent quantitative data and dynamic performance tracking. It circumvents limitations of conventional rheology methods and is a valuable noninvasive tool for quantifying viscoelastic mechanical properties.
Article
Acoustics
Eunjong Ahn, Myoungsu Shin, John S. Popovics
Summary: This study investigates the suitability of applying air-coupled ultrasonic diffuse-wave techniques to concrete structures for evaluating micro-cracking damage. The results show that the air-coupled method provides similar reliability to the full-contact method, while allowing faster and more flexible data collection.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yang Liu, Mingjin Cai, Wangyou Zhang, Wanling Feng, Xingyuan Sun, Yang Zhang, Hongli Zhou
Summary: This study evaluated apple crispness using acoustic signals and predicted the crispness using multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN). Results showed that ANN predicted apple crispness more accurately than MLR.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Han Yang, Bin Wang, Stephen Grigg, Ling Zhu, Dandan Liu, Ryan Marks
Summary: Acoustic Emission (AE) testing offers significant benefits in damage location capability, but the time-consuming training process of the delta-T mapping technique can be a barrier to large-scale applications. The Finite Element (FE) method provides a solution by reducing the time and effort required for data collection and processing.
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Keith Sebastian, Alexander Melnikov, Koneswaran Sivagurunathan, Xinxin Guo, Xianzhi Wang, Andreas Mandelis
Summary: Pre-sintered compressed metal powder components were studied using non-destructive imaging by means of Lock-In Thermography (LIT) to evaluate the feasibility of this method in assessing material integrity properties. The results showed that LIT phase images can quantitatively display differences between components, providing a new inspection approach for industrial production.
NDT & E INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Zongzheng Wang, Siwei She, Jialong Yang, Xin Pei, Wei Pu
Summary: This study investigates the lubricated dynamic contact stiffness in point contact and spiral bevel gears under periodic fluctuation load and velocity. The results reveal uncommon characteristics, such as an obvious hysteresis loop when the phase of load and velocity is at specific angles. The dynamic contact stiffness of SBG is highly sensitive to load and speed fluctuation.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Abdallah Reza, Guanze He, Cody A. Dennett, Hongbing Yu, Kenichiro Mizohata, Felix Hofmann
Summary: Tungsten is a promising candidate material for plasma-facing armour components in future fusion reactors. However, its normally excellent thermal transport properties can be degraded by irradiation. The study shows that thermal diffusivity in tungsten can recover between 450 K and 650 K, but remains reduced after annealing at higher doses. Thermal diffusivity provides an efficient tool for assessing total defect content in tungsten.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kay Song, Hongbing Yu, Phani Karamched, Kenichiro Mizohata, David E. J. Armstrong, Felix Hofmann
Summary: Understanding the mechanisms of plasticity in structural steels is crucial for the operation of next-generation fusion reactors. This study focuses on the deformation behavior of FeCr and aims to differentiate the nucleation process of dislocations for initiating plasticity from their propagation through the material. The results show that the nucleation of dislocations is mainly derived from pre-existing sources and is not significantly affected by the presence of irradiation defects or Cr content.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. Cloete, E. Tarleton, F. Hofmann
Summary: This paper presents a theoretical framework for calculating Burgers vectors from strain and lattice rotation data in materials with low dislocation density, as well as its implementation into a computer program for automation. The method's efficacy is validated using simulated data, demonstrating its reliable identification of dislocation positions and accurate determination of Burgers vectors from experimental data. The reported method offers a general and robust framework for determining dislocation position and associated Burgers vector, which can be readily applied to data from different experimental techniques.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yu Ren Zhou, Surya Effendy, Juner Zhu, Michael T. Petr, Colin D. Cwalina, Martin Z. Bazant, Bilge Yildiz, Ju Li, Michael P. Short
Summary: Water-based anti-corrosion coatings, as environmentally-friendly alternatives to solvent-based coatings, have limitations in challenging corrosion environments. This study investigates the coupled effects of water absorption and ion transport in hydrated latex films and proposes mechanisms to explain these effects. The findings of this study provide useful insights for designing high-corrosion resistance water-based coatings.
JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Gregory M. Wallace, Elena Botica Artalejo, Michael P. Short, Kevin B. Woller
Summary: This article presents a rapid development pathway for fusion reactor antenna materials. The pathway includes combinatorial thick-film sputtering and transient grating spectroscopy to quickly determine the optimal material and simulate the effects of neutron damage. Focused testing on larger composition samples is conducted to validate the workflow and provide additional data.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Saleem Abdulfattah Ahmed Al Dajani, Benjamin Reid Dacus, Cody A. Denett, M. Grace Burke, Lawrence Waldron, Thak Sang Byun, James J. Wall, Kuba Bar-Din Anglin, Omar Abdulfattah Ahmed Al Dajani, Konrad J. Krakowiak, Franz. -J. Wiak, Alan Schwartzmann, C. Cem Tasan, Peter Hosemann, Michael Philip Short
Summary: Non-destructive evaluation techniques can rapidly identify the health of mission-critical nuclear reactor components by inferring material properties of interest based on measurable properties, such as surface acoustic wave peak splitting correlating with embrittlement induced by spinodal decomposition.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Martin S. Meier, Paul A. J. Bagot, Michael P. Moody, Daniel Haley
Summary: A large collection of atom probe tomography (APT) datasets from past experiments were gathered into a database for statistical analyses. A method of treating the data as point clouds and using a city block distance-based metric to compare spectra was proposed, allowing for quick and automated searching for similar spectra. The clustering of spectra in the point cloud was found to provide valuable insights into the sample materials. A study on hydrogen behavior revealed correlations with voltage, electric field, and sample base material, indicating potential postionization of H2+ ions and frequent increases in the absolute amounts of H2+ and H+ throughout APT experiments.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Emmanouil Trachanas, Andrea Bignami, Nikolaos Gazis, Angus P. C. Wylie, Kevin B. Woller, Benjamin R. Dacus, Michael P. Short, Evangelos Gazis, George Fikioris
Summary: Components of particle accelerators are exposed to high radiation environments, which can degrade material properties and affect performance and lifetime. A study demonstrates the use of Transient Grating Spectroscopy (TGS) as a powerful technique to detect post irradiation changes in thermal diffusivity of polycrystal, high-purity, oxygen-free copper.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yang Yang, Weiyue Zhou, Sheng Yin, Sarah Y. Wang, Qin Yu, Matthew J. Olszta, Ya-Qian Zhang, Steven E. Zeltmann, Mingda Li, Miaomiao Jin, Daniel K. Schreiber, Jim Ciston, M. C. Scott, John R. Scully, Robert O. Ritchie, Mark Asta, Ju Li, Michael P. Short, Andrew M. Minor
Summary: Corrosion is a common failure mode in materials. The authors report a percolating 1D wormhole corrosion morphology using advanced electron microscopy and theoretical simulations. The work presents a vacancy mapping method with nm-resolution, identifying the incubation sites of the wormholes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Julan Wu, Nesma T. Aboulkhair, Stuart Robertson, Zhaoxia Zhou, Paul A. J. Bagot, Michael P. Moody, Michele Degano, Ian Ashcroft, Richard J. M. Hague
Summary: Laser powder-bed fusion (PBF-LB) is an additive manufacturing technique widely used for the production of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets, offering advantages in minimizing rare-earth element waste and post-processing requirements. Previous studies on PBF-LB Nd-Fe-B have focused on reducing defects and improving magnetic properties. This research presents a comprehensive analysis of the microstructure and its correlation with permanent magnetic performance.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Mark R. Boyd, Julia A. Cartwright, Jaspreet Singh, Paul A. J. Bagot, Charlotte L. Bays, Queenie H. S. Chan, Matthew J. Genge, Michael P. Moody
Summary: This study characterizes the textural and compositional changes caused by weathering on an unmelted, fine-grained Antarctic micro meteorite (MM), revealing nanoscale elemental heterogeneity and complex alteration assemblages. The findings highlight the significant impact of terrestrial weathering on the geochemistry of MM in the terrestrial environment.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Guanze He, Hongbing Yu, Phani Karamched, Junliang Liu, Felix Hofmann
Summary: Elastic interactions play a crucial role in controlling irradiation damage evolution, yet experimental investigation on this topic is largely lacking. In this study, we used transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution on-axis transmission Kikuchi diffraction techniques to study the correlation between the evolution of irradiation-induced damage structures and the associated lattice strains in self-ion irradiated pure tungsten. The results revealed different dislocation loop structures depending on the sample thickness, indicating that free surfaces restrict the formation of extended defect structures observed in thicker samples. Strain analysis using high-resolution Kikuchi diffraction demonstrated the formation of crystallographically-oriented long-range strain fluctuations above 0.01 dpa and a decrease in total elastic energy above 0.1 dpa.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ziv Ungarish, Michael Aizenshtein, Kevin Woller, Michael P. Short, Shmuel Hayun
Summary: This study compares the performance of AM AlSi10Mg with different microstructures under irradiation conditions. The results show that the samples subjected to heat treatment are more sensitive to irradiation, with a significant decrease in thermal diffusivity and increase in hardness.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Weiyi Chen, Alexander Berwald, Alicia Hauke, Victoria Zimmermann, Christoph F. Bayer, Michael P. M. Jank
Summary: Humidity sensing is an important condition monitoring tool, particularly inside power electronic modules. A humidity sensor based on capacitive characterization of interdigitated metal electrode structures has been developed, and the sensor structure has been optimized using finite element simulation. Electric field simulations and experiments have demonstrated the sensor's ability to measure humidity in air and water absorbing solid-state materials, proving its suitability.
