Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tae Hoon Kim, Nayoung Bae, Taeho Kim, Albert L. Hsu, Mark Hunter, Jung-Ho Shin, Jae-Wook Jeong
Summary: Endometriosis is positively associated with obesity, but negatively associated with low BMI. High-fat diet-induced obesity can increase the development of endometriosis, while obesity with leptin deficiency and leptin receptor deficiency can suppress the development of endometriosis. These findings suggest that leptin and its receptor play a critical role in the development of endometriosis.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hayato Nomura, Hayato Terayama, Daisuke Kiyoshima, Ning Qu, Kosuke Shirose, Shuhei Tetsu, Shogo Hayashi, Kou Sakabe, Takeshi Suzuki
Summary: This study investigates the effects of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) administration on the testis, and finds that DEX does not have damaging effects on the testis, despite the presence of DEX receptors.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Stazi, Silvia Zampar, Hans-Wolfgang Klafki, Thomas Meyer, Oliver Wirths
Summary: A range of factors, including physical activity and caffeine supplementation, may reduce the risk of developing dementia and Alzheimer's disease in later life. Previous studies have shown that chronic oral caffeine supplementation and enriched environment housing can improve memory and cognitive performance in AD mice. However, combining physical activity and caffeine did not have a major additive effect in improving learning and memory function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hong-Yu Zhou, Ya-Ping Huai, Xing Jin, Ping Yan, Xiao-Jia Tang, Jun-Ya Wang, Nan Shi, Meng Niu, Zhao-Xiang Meng, Xin Wang
Summary: This study suggests that an enriched environment can improve cognitive function in mice after stroke by regulating inflammatory response.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosalba Siracusa, Ramona D'Amico, Daniela Impellizzeri, Marika Cordaro, Alessio Filippo Peritore, Enrico Gugliandolo, Rosalia Crupi, Angela Trovato Salinaro, Emanuela Raffone, Tiziana Genovese, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Roberta Fusco, Rosanna Di Paola
Summary: The study aimed to assess the effects of autophagy and mitophagy induction in a rat model of endometriosis, finding that rapamycin reduced lesion volume, area, and diameter by activating these pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ksenija Velickovic, Hilda Anaid Lugo Leija, Bojana Kosic, Harold Sacks, Michael E. Symonds, Virginie Sottile
Summary: Both brown adipose tissue (BAT) and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) can produce heat through non-shivering thermogenesis due to the presence of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). The appearance of thermogenically active beige adipocytes in iWAT, known as browning, can be induced with hypothermia and involves the leptin pathway. Leptin deficiency leads to impaired adipogenic differentiation and reduced brown/beige marker expression.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Hua Zhang, Caitlynn Knight, S. R. Wayne Chen, Ilya Bezprozvanny
Summary: It has been found that RyanR is overactive in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and inhibiting RyanR may be beneficial for AD treatment. This study investigated the potential connection between basal RyanR activity and autophagy in neurons. The results showed that the basal RyanR2 activity inhibited autophagy through the calcineurin-AMPK-ULK1 pathway, and increased basal RyanR2 activity in AD may lead to the inhibition of neuronal autophagy and accumulation of β-amyloid. The findings suggest that reducing RyanR2 activity may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention in AD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Zi-qing Zhang, Yan Lu, Hao Zhang, Su-he Dong, Ya-tong Wu, Si-nian Wang, Ai-hua Huang, Qi-sheng Jiang, Shi-min Yin
Summary: The study aims to verify the hypothesis that an enriched environment (EE) alleviates sleep deprivation-induced fear memory impairment by modulating the basal forebrain (BF) PIEZO1/calpain/autophagy pathway. The results showed that mice housed in an EE performed better than those in a closed, isolated environment (CE) in fear memory tests after sleep deprivation. The study concluded that EE combats sleep deprivation-induced fear memory impairments by inhibiting the BF PIEZO1/calpain/autophagy pathway.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Milan Obradovic, Emina Sudar-Milovanovic, Sanja Soskic, Magbubah Essack, Swati Arya, Alan J. Stewart, Takashi Gojobori, Esma R. Isenovic
Summary: Leptin, a peptide hormone, regulates food intake, body mass, and reproductive function, playing a crucial role in fetal growth, immune responses, angiogenesis, and lipolysis. Leptin resistance can lead to reduced satiety, overconsumption of nutrients, and increased body mass, potentially causing obesity. Combining leptin therapies with sensitizers may help overcome resistance and treat obesity effectively.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jingying Huang, Xuan Chan, Yuchun Lv
Summary: The study revealed a positive correlation between HMGB-1 and inflammatory cytokines, as well as a positive correlation between HMGB-1 and beclin-1 in ectopic endometrium. Results also showed upregulation of autophagy-related markers beclin-1, atg13, and p62 in the ectopic endometrium. Knockdown of HMGB-1 under hypoxic conditions suppressed inflammatory cytokines and autophagy-related markers in HESCs.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ozge Besci, Sevde Nur Firat, Samim Ozen, Semra Cetinkaya, Leyla Akin, Yilmaz Kor, Zafer Pekkolay, Servan Ozalkak, Elif Ozsu, Senay Savas Erdeve, Suekran Poyrazoglu, Merih Berberoglu, Murat Aydin, Tulay Omma, Baris Akinci, Korcan Demir, Elif Arioglu Oral
Summary: This study presents new cases of LEP and LEPR deficiency, provides long-term follow-up of previously described patients, and defines the genotype-phenotype relationships based on reported cases in literature. The study found that patients with LEP deficiency were diagnosed at a younger age, had higher BMI SD scores, and were more likely to have hyperinsulinemia. The genetic variants in LEPR deficiency were different from those in LEP deficiency.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mi Zhang, Fangfang Chen, Xueqing Sun, Yanping Huang, Yan Zeng, Jinying Chen, Shiqi Wu, Chen Xu
Summary: By analyzing the expression of 02-AR in different prostate tissues through the GEO database in NCBI and constructing docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cell lines, it was found that inhibiting the activity of 02-AR increased cell sensitivity to docetaxel. The mechanism involves the regulation of 02-AR in the cellular response to docetaxel through apoptosis and autophagy via caspase signaling and Atg5/AMPK/mTOR pathway as well as the effect of 02-AR on the crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy via p38 MAPK and JNK/c-Jun/ FOXO3a signaling pathways.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ananda Baral, Pil-Hoon Park
Summary: Leptin induces cytotoxicity in rat hepatocytes by activating NLRP3 inflammasomes, mediated through ROS production, ER stress, and autophagy. Inhibition of inflammasomes protects hepatocytes from leptin-induced cell death.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Kyosuke Okuyama, Yukari Shiwaku, Ryo Hamai, Toshihide Mizoguchi, Kaori Tsuchiya, Tetsu Takahashi, Osamu Suzuki
Summary: This study investigated the accumulation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) around octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) materials. The results showed that OCP promoted osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs more effectively and attracted more MSCs compared to CDHA. Additionally, the physicochemical and structural analyses provided evidence of OCP's transformation in physiological environments.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Juhi Bagaitkar
Summary: In this study, Gibbings et al demonstrate that the inflammatory milieu plays a more significant role than cell-intrinsic Nox2 deficiency in skewing MoMacs into an inflammatory state and preventing their immunophenotypic maturation in CGD.