Field-based evaluation of hip adductor and abductor strength in professional male ice hockey players: Reference values and influencing factors

Objectives: To provide reference values and examine the influence of hip/groin pain on hip adductor and abductor strength in professional male ice hockey players, by using a straightforward 5-min procedure. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: On-field assessment of hip/groin muscle strength with dynamometry, together with the concomitant level of hip/groin pain with a visual analogue scale. Participants: Professional male ice hockey players competing in the Swiss National League (n = 187). Main outcome measures: Hip abductor strength, hip adductor strength and hip adductor:abductor ratio. Results: Reference values by playing position (goalkeepers, defenders and forwards) are provided for asymptomatic athletes. Players with hip/groin pain during adduction displayed lower hip adductor strength (p = 0.001) and hip adductor:abductor ratio (p = 0.012) than their symptom-free peers. Conclusions: The presence of hip/groin pain during adductor testing may contribute to selective hip adductor weakness, whose cause-effect relation with possible groin problems remains to be demonstrated. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.