Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Erika Salciute-Simene, Raimundas Stasiunaitis, Eduardas Ambrasas, Jonas Tutkus, Ignas Milkevicius, Gintare Sostakaite, Andrius Klimasauskas, Gintautas Kekstas
Summary: The study shows that episodes of ENI in critically ill patients are frequent and prolonged, often leading to underfeeding. The proportion of underfeeding is higher on trial days with ENI, with lower caloric and protein intake.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jessica Dittmer, Robert M. Brucker
Summary: This study investigated the role of microbiome in host nutrient allocation during diapause of parasitoid wasp N. vitripennis, revealing the essential role of microbiome and altered microbiome composition during diapause. The prolonged larval diapause had a transstadial effect on the adult microbiome, leading to changes in the abundance of dominant microbiome members and potential bacterial pathogens. The impact of diapause on the microbiome is likely influenced by various factors, including altered host regulatory mechanisms and the host environment.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
John K. DiBaise, James S. Scolapio
Summary: This article highlights the importance of home parenteral and enteral nutrition in clinical nutrition and the development of these therapies to support patients. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to understand all aspects of HPEN in order to provide safe, effective, and cost-effective support to patients.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aileen Hill, Gunnar Elke, Arved Weimann
Summary: Nutritional therapy for critically ill patients should be tailored to individual patients, focusing on the phase of critical illness, metabolic tolerance, leading symptoms, and comorbidities. Personalized and disease-specific nutritional therapy in the ICU requires an interdisciplinary approach and frequent reevaluation for optimal clinical outcomes.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pierre Singer, Annika Reintam Blaser, Mette M. Berger, Philip C. Calder, Michael Casaer, Michael Hiesmayr, Konstantin Mayer, Juan Carlos Montejo-Gonzalez, Claude Pichard, Jean -Charles Preiser, Wojciech Szczeklik, Arthur R. H. van Zanten, Stephan C. Bischoff
Summary: Following the new ESPEN Standard Operating Procedures, the previous 2019 guideline on medical nutrition therapy for critically ill patients has been shortened and partially revised. This publication proposes a practical guideline based on the published scientific guideline, but with shortened and illustrated flow charts. The main goal of this practical guideline is to increase understanding and facilitate implementation of Nutrition in the ICU guidelines, including all items discussed in the previous guidelines and special conditions.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Erin E. Morris, Neely C. Miller, Nicholas A. Marka, Jennifer L. Super, Emily M. Nagel, Juan David Gonzalez, Ellen W. Demerath, Sara E. Ramel
Summary: Retrospective studies show that parenteral nutrition during the first week after birth, providing calories, proteins, and lipids, is associated with improved neurodevelopment. However, an enhanced parenteral nutrition protocol in the early stage did not lead to improved neurodevelopmental outcomes. Instead, higher enteral caloric and protein intake in the first week after birth were associated with improved processing speed.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amanda A. Rupert, David S. Seres, Jianhua Li, Adam S. Faye, Zhezhen Jin, Daniel E. Freedberg
Summary: The study found that delayed enteral nutrition (EN) ordering in ICU patients was associated with factors such as the use of vasopressors and orders placed by physicians. Delayed EN ordering was linked to shorter ICU-free days, longer ICU admissions, and longer hospitalizations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Juan Carlos Lopez-Delgado, Teodoro Grau-Carmona, Esther Mor-Marco, Maria Luisa Bordeje-Laguna, Esther Portugal-Rodriguez, Carol Lorencio-Cardenas, Paula Vera-Artazcoz, Laura Macaya-Redin, Beatriz Llorente-Ruiz, Rayden Iglesias-Rodriguez, Diana Monge-Donaire, Juan Francisco Martinez-Carmona, Laura Sanchez-Ales, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Monica Crespo-Gomez, Cristina Leon-Cinto, Jose Luis Flordelis-Lasierra, Lluis Servia-Goixart
Summary: This study evaluated the use, complications, and nutrition delivery associated with parenteral nutrition (PN) in adult critically ill patients, especially when used early and as the initial route. The results showed that early PN administration was safe and provided adequate nutrition delivery. Additional enteral nutrition (EN), when possible, may optimize protein requirements for patients who received initial PN.
Article
Pediatrics
Mylene Jouancastay, Camille Guillot, Francois Machuron, Alain Duhamel, Jean-Benoit Baudelet, Stephane Leteurtre, Morgan Recher
Summary: This study compared the applicability of French (2014) and American (2017) pediatric guidelines in a PICU setting. It found that hemodynamic failure was a risk factor for non-application of both guidelines. Additionally, the study suggested that the American 2017 guidelines, which utilize predictive Schofield equations, may be more useful and applicable than the higher recommendations of the 2014 guidelines. Further multicenter studies to validate pediatric guidelines are deemed necessary.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wen Xu, Ming Zhong, Tingting Pan, Hongping Qu, Erzhen Chen
Summary: This study found that gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid levels are associated with enteral nutrition tolerance in critically ill patients. On the first day of enteral nutrition initiation, the tolerance group had higher microbiota diversity and operational taxonomic units than the intolerance group. On the third day, the genus Escherichia-Shigella was significantly elevated in the tolerance group. The levels of short-chain fatty acids decreased more significantly in the intolerance group.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Esther G. Neelis, Barbara A. E. de Koning, Jessie M. Hulst, Rodanthi Papadopoulou, Caroline Kerbiriou, Edmond H. H. M. Rings, Rene M. H. Wijnen, Ben Nichols, Konstantinos Gerasimidis
Summary: Children with intestinal failure receiving parenteral nutrition show alterations in gut microbiota composition and function, with depletion of beneficial SCFAs and species and an increase in potentially harmful pathobionts. Nutrient intake and enteral nutrition have significant impacts on microbial community structure.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Monica M. van Nieuwkoop, Dharmanand Ramnarain, Sjaak Pouwels
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the causes, frequency, and periods of enteral nutrition interruption (ENI) in the ICU. The study found that unplanned ENIs were most common in the first 3 days of ICU admission, with diagnostic reasons being the main cause. Approximately 25% of patients failed to meet their calculated caloric and protein requirements during the first 4 days of admission.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joeri De Cloet, Ine Simal, Karel Benoot, Linde Goossens
Summary: In this retrospective study, the authors analyzed the adherence to the ESPGHAN 2018 PN guidelines and growth of 86 neonates admitted to the NICU. The study found that the guidelines were mostly followed for carbohydrate provisions, but lipid provisions often exceeded the recommended maximum. Protein provisions tended to fall below the recommended minimum. Overall, adherence to the ESPGHAN 2018 PN guidelines had a positive impact on the stable growth of neonates during their NICU stays.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Juan Carlos Lopez-Delgado, Teodoro Grau-Carmona, Javier Trujillano-Cabello, Carlos Garcia-Fuentes, Esther Mor-Marco, Maria Luisa Bordeje-Laguna, Esther Portugal-Rodriguez, Carol Lorencio-Cardenas, Paula Vera-Artazcoz, Laura Macaya-Redin, Juan Francisco Martinez-Carmona, Lidon Mateu-Campos, Maria Gero-Escapa, Rosa Gastaldo-Simeon, Belen Vila-Garcia, Jose Luis Flordelis-Lasierra, Juan Carlos Montejo-Gonzalez, Lluis Servia-Goixart
Summary: This study found that the use of immunonutrition formulas during ICU stay may be associated with improved outcomes. Patients who received immunonutrition formulas had higher caloric and protein intake, as well as better survival rates. Furthermore, the use of immunonutrition was also related to lower need for vasopressor support and continuous renal replacement therapies.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Laura Pedretti, Serena Massa, Davide Leardini, Edoardo Muratore, Sofia Rahman, Andrea Pession, Susanna Esposito, Riccardo Masetti
Summary: Children with cancer are at high risk for nutritional problems, but the importance of nutrition in their treatment is underestimated. This review explores the impact of nutrition on treatment outcomes and the need for a standardized approach to nutritional care in pediatric cancer patients.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Leslie A. Hamilton, Michael L. Behal, Ashley R. Carter, A. Shaun Rowe
Summary: This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with the development of hyperchloremia in neurocritical care ICU patients. The results showed that APACHE II Score, initial serum osmolality, and total 3% and 23.4% saline volumes were associated with the development of hyperchloremia. In addition, hyperchloremia was found to increase the risk of acute kidney injury.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michael L. Behal, Jenni K. Thomas, Melissa L. Thompson Bastin, Breanne M. Mefford
Summary: Cefepime induced neurotoxicity (CIN) can occur in patients with normal renal function or dose-adjusted regimens, necessitating accurate monitoring of cefepime concentrations and renal function estimation. In patients with altered mental status (AMS), consideration of CIN should be included in the differential diagnosis. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) may play a crucial role in diagnosing and managing CIN.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Leslie A. Hamilton, Michael L. Behal, William P. Metheny
Summary: The study assessed the effectiveness of pharmacist-led education on improving medical resident pharmacotherapy knowledge, with results showing that pharmacist-led lectures led to significant improvements in medical residents' pharmacotherapy knowledge. Medical residents value reinforcement of basic pharmacotherapy knowledge.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Alexander H. Flannery, Adam S. Kiser, Michael L. Behal, Xilong Li, Javier A. Neyra
Summary: The study evaluated the effect of RAS inhibiting medications prior to admission on the severity of kidney injury in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. The results showed that patients receiving RAS inhibition had more severe AKI upon admission and during the first week compared to those not receiving RAS inhibition.
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sarah T. Eudaley, Shelby P. Brooks, Leslie A. Hamilton
Summary: Combining kratom with prescription psychotropic medications can possibly lead to serotonin syndrome, highlighting the importance for clinicians to be aware of this potential interaction.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mary N. Walton, Leslie A. Hamilton, Sonia Salyer, Brian F. Wiseman, Ann M. Forster, A. Shaun Rowe
Summary: This study compared the safety outcomes of tenecteplase and alteplase for acute ischemic stroke. The results showed that there were no significant differences in major bleeding, all-cause inpatient mortality, and adverse events between the two treatment groups. Thus, tenecteplase may be a reasonable alternative for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Letter
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michael L. Behal, Aaron M. Cook
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alexandra Wiegand, Michael Behal, Blake Robbins, Brittany Bissell, Komal Pandya, Breanne Mefford
Summary: This article reviews the use of dexmedetomidine in critically ill patients for niche indications such as sleep, delirium, alcohol withdrawal, sepsis, and immunomodulation. The study found that dexmedetomidine may improve morbidity outcomes in delirium, sleep, and alcohol withdrawal syndrome. However, due to limited studies and poor quality of evidence, no conclusions can be drawn regarding its role in immunomodulation and sepsis.
ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sherif Hanafy Mahmoud, Fatma R. Hefny, Nicholas G. Panos, Laura Delucilla, Zinquon Ngan, Marc M. Perreault, Leslie A. Hamilton, A. Shaun Rowe, Pamela L. Buschur, Jocelyn Owusu-Guha, Sulaiman Almohaish, Melissa Sandler, Michael J. Armahizer, Megan E. Barra, Aaron M. Cook, Colleen A. Barthol, Trager D. Hintze, Anna Cantin, Jessica Traeger, Joseph R. Blunck, Justin Shewmaker, Sarah V. Burgess, Kristin Kaupp, Caitlin S. Brown, Sarah L. Clark, Erin D. Wieruszewski, Eljim P. Tesoro, Abdalla A. Ammar, Mahmoud A. Ammar, Mandy J. Binning, Stanislav Naydin, Neal Fox, David M. Peters, Leana N. Mahmoud, Shaun P. Keegan, Gretchen M. Brophy
Summary: This study aimed to determine the association between different nimodipine formulations and administration techniques and the safety and effectiveness of nimodipine in aSAH. The study found that administering nimodipine as a liquid product was associated with a higher prevalence of diarrhea compared to other administration techniques/formulations. Withdrawal of liquid from nimodipine capsules prior to administration was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of dose reduction or discontinuation due to hypotension. Crushing tablets and withdrawing liquid from capsules prior to administration were associated with an increased risk of delayed cerebral ischemia.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
A. Shaun Rowe, Leslie A. Hamilton, Jacob A. Barber, Theresa Dinh, Allison Randolph, Thomas Christianson
Summary: This study investigated the expansion of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with factor Xa inhibitor-associated ICH who were treated with activated prothrombin complex concentrates (aPCCs). The results showed that there was no significant change in mean ICH volume and no reported cases of thromboembolism. Further studies are needed to determine which patient population would benefit the most from treatment with aPCC.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Komal Pandya, Ali Wiegand, Michael Behal, Jackie Dempsey, Bill Olney, Jeremy Flynn, Alexander H. Flannery, Kathryn Ruf
Summary: The job of a critical care pharmacy specialist has expanded to include quality improvement and administrative tasks. The University of Kentucky developed a 4-week rotation called Critical Care Administration/Medication Use Quality & Outcomes to train PGY2 critical care residents in these areas. This rotation provides valuable experiences beyond bedside care and helps prepare residents for future tasks as clinical pharmacists.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Allison M. Kenneally, Michael L. Behal, Elizabeth J. Beckman, Breanne M. Mefford
Summary: This study aims to investigate sedation/analgesia practices for patients receiving NMBAs. The results showed that combination therapy was commonly used, but there was variations in the choice of sedation agents.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Leslie A. Hamilton, Tyler Marie Kiles, Kenneth C. Hohmeier
Summary: This study describes the perspectives and concerns of Black students regarding pharmacy residency training, including potential racial bias in recruitment and interviews, as well as cost issues. The results can inform institutions and pharmacy residency programs in improving recruitment and interview processes to enhance overall equity and inclusion.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Justin Gatwood, Sujith Ramachandran, Sohul A. Shuvo, Michael Behal, Tracy Hagemann, Kenneth C. Hohmeier, Chi-Yang Chiu
Summary: This study found that certain social determinants of health have an impact on adherence to annual influenza vaccination in American adults. Factors such as being female, immunocompromised, and living in rural areas were associated with higher rates of vaccine adherence. Areas with higher levels of poverty tended to have higher vaccine adherence, while areas with a lower proportion of Democratic voters had lower vaccine adherence.
JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE & SPECIALTY PHARMACY
(2022)
