Review
Food Science & Technology
Jacquelyn Cheng, Nikolai Kolba, Elad Tako
Summary: Zinc plays important roles in catalysis, regulation, and structure. Both hosts and their gut microbiota require zinc, creating competition and the need for balance. This systematic review examined the effects of dietary zinc and physiological status on gut microbiota. Zinc deficiency led to inconsistent changes in alpha-diversity and short-chain fatty acid production, but altered bacterial taxa involved in carbohydrate and glycan metabolism. High dietary zinc generally decreased alpha-diversity and short-chain fatty acid production, while increasing bacterial metal and antibiotic resistance genes. Further studies are needed to understand the effects of zinc on the gut microbiome and its potential as a biomarker.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bushra Afzal, Haleema Naaz, Neha Sami, Durdana Yasin, Nida Jamil Khan, Tasneem Fatma
Summary: Increasing population has led to higher food demand, resulting in indiscriminate use of pesticides which adversely affect non-target organisms. This study demonstrates that selenium nanoparticles can mitigate the toxicity of pesticides on cyanobacterial biofertilizers. The addition of selenium nanoparticles enhances antioxidant enzyme activity and shows potential for sustainable rice cultivation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Harshavardhan Mohan, Vaikundamoorthy Ramalingam, Aravinthan Adithan, Karthi Natesan, Kamala-Kannan Seralathan, Taeho Shin
Summary: In this study, spherical zinc ferrite nanoparticles were prepared with uniform size and a band gap suitable for visible light absorption. Zinc doping enhanced the absorption of visible light and improved the separation of photogenerated carriers, resulting in effective photocatalytic degradation of CBZ. The material showed high removal efficiency and a pseudo first-order kinetics with a rate constant of 0.0367 min(-1). In-vitro and in-vivo toxicity of the nanoparticles were also examined for environmental implications.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Mahmoud Mohseni, Ali Hamidoghli, Sungchul C. Bai
Summary: The study indicates that organic zinc (zinc methionine) at a level of 15 mg/kg in beluga sturgeon feed can significantly improve growth and immune function.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chen Gao, Chang Liu, Yuanyuan Wei, Qingtao Wang, Xuan Ni, Shaofeng Wu, Yizhuo Fang, Zhihui Hao
Summary: This study identified 107 compounds in the ethanol extract of salt-processed Psoraleae Fructus (EEPF) using UHPLC-HRMS analysis. Acute oral toxicity test in mice showed that the LD50 of EEPF was 15.95 g/kg. The liver and kidney were identified as the main target toxic organs of EEPF, causing liver injury through oxidative stress and pyroptotic damage via the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jolanta Pulit-Prociak, Anita Staron, Olga Dlugosz, Dominik Domagala, Katarzyna Janczyk, Marcin Banach
Summary: This study presents a method for preparing zinc oxide nanoparticles coated with galactose. The modified nanoparticles demonstrate higher stability and lower toxicity compared to the unmodified ones.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyoung-Yun Han, Mi-Sun Choi, Seokjoo Yoon, Je-Won Ko, Sang-Kyum Kim, Tae-Won Kim
Summary: This study confirmed kidney-biased organ toxicity of ifosfamide in rats, with identically altered genes in both the liver and kidney. Interferon regulatory factor 7 was identified as the main upstream regulator that changed in both organs. Further toxicogenomic studies are needed to fully understand the relationship between ifosfamide-induced genes and organ toxicity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Courtney Sakolish, Celeste E. Reese, Yu-Syuan Luo, Alan Valdiviezo, Mark E. Schurdak, Albert Gough, D. Lansing Taylor, Weihsueh A. Chiu, Lawrence A. Vernetti, Ivan Rusyn
Summary: The human microfluidic liver acinus microphysiology system (LAMPS) was evaluated for drug pharmacokinetics and toxicology, showing robustness and reproducibility when seeded with primary human hepatocytes or iPSC-derived hepatocytes, and demonstrating more physiologically and clinically relevant effects compared to 2D cultures.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nayoung Min, Hahyun Park, Taeyeon Hong, Jisoo Song, Gwonhwa Song, Whasun Lim
Summary: This study investigated the embryonic developmental toxicity of the herbicide terbutryn in zebrafish. The results showed that terbutryn exposure led to increased mortality, reduced body and eye size, and yolk sac edema in zebrafish. Fluorescence microscopy revealed the effects of terbutryn on blood vessel, motor neuron, and liver development, and apoptotic cell death was evaluated using acridine orange staining.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
He Huang, Min Wang, Lulu Hou, Xu Lin, Shifeng Pan, Peng Zheng, Qian Zhao
Summary: Lead is a toxic heavy metal that can damage male reproductive function. Selenium has the ability to counteract lead toxicity, and in this study, it was found that selenium can mitigate the reproductive toxicity of lead by enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms in the spermatogonia and Leydig cells of chickens.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Simona Codruta Heghes, Oliviu Vostinaru, Cristina Mogosan, Doina Miere, Cristina Adela Iuga, Lorena Filip
Summary: Coumarins, a family of benzopyrones, are widely distributed in nature and can be found in seeds, fruits, flowers, or roots of various plant species. They are present in significant concentrations in certain herbs or spices used as nutraceuticals, but can also be found in cosmetics or household products due to their pleasant odor. Accidental exposure to high doses of coumarins can lead to harmful effects in patients. This review provides a summary of the latest published data on preclinical and clinical studies with natural coumarins, focusing on the investigation of general and specific toxicity, to better understand the safety profile of these valuable compounds. Regulatory aspects regarding the use of natural coumarins in different regions of the world are also reviewed.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hojun Lee, Garam An, Junho Park, Whasun Lim, Gwonhwa Song
Summary: This study demonstrates the toxic effects of molinate on zebrafish larvae, including reduced viability and successful hatching, and the induction of apoptosis, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress response. Additionally, molinate exposure leads to abnormal cardiovascular, neuronal, and liver development in zebrafish.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Milos Bogdanovic, Hila Asraf, Noa Gottesman, Israel Sekler, Elias Aizenman, Michal Hershfinkel
Summary: Tight regulation of neuronal Zn2+ is critical for physiological function. Multiple Zn2+ transporters, such as ZIP1 and ZIP3, are involved in the uptake and distribution of Zn2+. In this study, we found that the expression of ZIP1 and ZIP3 was developmentally regulated in mouse hippocampal neurons, with higher levels of expression in mature neurons. ZIP1 and ZIP3 were ubiquitously expressed on somas and most neuronal processes in cultured neurons, while in adult mouse hippocampal brain, ZIP1 was predominantly expressed in the CA3 stratum pyramidale, and ZIP3 primarily localized in the stratum lucidum. Silencing of ZIP1 or ZIP3 reduced Zn2+ uptake in vitro, and silencing of ZIP3 protected CA3 neurons from neurodegeneration following seizures in vivo. These findings suggest that distinct Zn2+ transporters play different roles in regulating Zn2+ accumulation and toxicity in different neuronal populations in the hippocampus.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Quintino Malu, Katelene Lima, Maryam Malmir, Rui Pinto, Isabel Moreira da Silva, Luis Catarino, Maria Paula Duarte, Rita Serrano, Joao Rocha, Beatriz Silva Lima, Olga Silva
Summary: This study investigated the phytochemical properties of Lannea velutina and Sorindeia juglandifolia leaves, as well as their in vivo oral repeated-dose toxicity and in vitro genotoxicity. The main marker constituents found in both species were gallic acid and anacardic acid. No significant toxicity or genotoxicity was observed. These findings suggest the safe medicinal use of these plant extracts.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Masaya Hitomi, Fumika Akizawa, Satoshi Kondo, Koji Dogishi, Sakura Fujiwara, Hiroki Kimoto, Takayasu Moroki
Summary: Zinc deficiency has adverse effects, and zinc complexes are commonly used as supplements but with few toxicity reports. In this study, zinc maltol (ZM) was administered orally to male rats for 4 weeks to evaluate its toxicity. Toxicities were observed at a dose of 1000 mg/kg, including pancreatitis, anemia, and decreased bone density, while no toxicities were observed in the ligand group. These findings provide helpful insights for the development of new zinc complexes and supplements.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cameron M. Cushing, Michael S. Petronek, Kellie L. Bodeker, Sandy Vollstedt, Heather A. Brown, Emyleigh Opat, Nancy J. Hollenbeck, Thomas Shanks, Daniel J. Berg, Brian J. Smith, Mark C. Smith, Varun Monga, Muhammad Furqan, Matthew A. Howard, Jeremy D. Greenlee, Kranti A. Mapuskar, Joel St-Aubin, Ryan T. Flynn, Joseph J. Cullen, Garry R. Buettner, Douglas R. Spitz, John M. Buatti, Bryan G. Allen, Vincent A. Magnotta
Summary: This study evaluates the efficacy of P-AscH in GBM treatment, demonstrating that T2* and QSM MRI responses are consistent with the conversion of Fe3+ to Fe2+ induced by P-AscH. The results suggest that T2* and QSM MR imaging could serve as potential biomarkers of treatment response in GBM patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. S. Petronek, J. M. Stolwijk, S. D. Murray, E. J. Steinbach, Y. Zakharia, G. R. Buettner, D. R. Spitz, B. G. Allen
Summary: The metabolic differences between cancer cells and normal cells present an opportunity to develop new therapeutic approaches, and the pro-oxidant and antioxidant properties of melatonin, vitamin E, selenium, and vitamin C can be effectively utilized to improve cancer patient outcomes.
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Lucy P. Evans, Katherine N. Gibson-Corley, Robert F. Mullins, Budd A. Tucker, Amy Trent, Edwin M. Stone, Karra A. Jones
JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Daniel C. Ma, Carryn M. Anderson, Samuel N. Rodman, Visarut Buranasudja, Michael L. McCormick, Andrew Davis, Elizabeth Loth, Kellie L. Bodeker, Logan Ahmann, Jessica R. Parkhurst, Wenqing Sun, Kayla R. Follmer, Andrean L. Simons, John M. Buatt, Douglas R. Spitz, Melissa A. Fath, Bryan G. Allen
Summary: Ketogenic diets may increase metabolic oxidative stress in head and neck cancer cells, enhancing sensitivity to radiation and platinum-based chemotherapy; however, a phase 1 clinical trial showed difficulties in maintaining diet compliance and associated toxicities.
RADIATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samantha N. Jensen, Nicole M. Cady, Shailesh K. Shahi, Stephanie R. Peterson, Arnav Gupta, Katherine N. Gibson-Corley, Ashutosh K. Mangalam
Summary: The study demonstrates that altering the composition of the gut microbiota through dietary interventions can alleviate the severity of multiple sclerosis and may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kranti A. Mapuskar, Emily J. Steinbach, Amira Zaher, Dennis P. Riley, Robert A. Beardsley, Jeffery L. Keene, Jon T. Holmlund, Carryn M. Anderson, Diana Zepeda-Orozco, John M. Buatti, Douglas R. Spitz, Bryan G. Allen
Summary: Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapy agent with potent anti-tumor activity, but it can cause renal injuries, leading to the need for intervention strategies to reduce kidney damage. In addition to DNA cross-linking, cisplatin affects mitochondrial metabolism, resulting in reactive oxygen species production and renal damage. Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase mimetics show potential in preventing platinum-associated nephrotoxicity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zain Mehdi, Michael S. Petronek, Jeffrey M. Stolwijk, Kranti A. Mapuskar, Amanda L. Kalen, Garry R. Buettner, Joseph J. Cullen, Douglas R. Spitz, John M. Buatti, Bryan G. Allen
Summary: Pharmacological ascorbate shows promise as both an adjuvant for cancer therapy and a radiosensitizer in cancer treatment research, while also demonstrating radioprotective effects on normal tissues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Derek Simonsen, Nicole Cady, Chunyun Zhang, Rachel L. Shrode, Michael L. McCormick, Douglas R. Spitz, Michael S. Chimenti, Kai Wang, Ashutosh Mangalam, Hans-Joachim Lehmler
Summary: The study found that benoxacor may have toxic effects on the liver and testes of mice, but did not result in significant pathological changes. It had some impact on the cecal microbiome, but did not alter the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Metabolomic analysis revealed that benoxacor affected various metabolites and was quickly metabolized to potentially toxic compounds, challenging the assumption of the safety of inert ingredients in pesticide formulations.
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. S. Petronek, J. J. St-Aubin, C. Y. Lee, D. R. Spitz, E. G. Gillan, B. G. Allen, V. A. Magnotta
Summary: T-2* relaxation is sensitive to local magnetic field inhomogeneities and recent studies suggest it is also sensitive to the oxidation state of iron. Experimental testing showed that T-2* relaxation times are directly proportional to the spin magnetic moment of transition metals. Additionally, T-2* relaxation times were found to be significantly longer for diamagnetic metal Ga3+ compared to paramagnetic metal Fe3+.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Breanna M. Scorza, Kurayi G. Mahachi, Arin C. Cox, Angela J. Toepp, Adam Leal-Lima, Anurag Kumar Kushwaha, Patrick Kelly, Claudio Meneses, Geneva Wilson, Katherine N. Gibson-Corley, Lyric Bartholomay, Shaden Kamhawi, Christine A. Petersen
Summary: Vertically infected dogs are capable of transmitting parasites to sand flies, with dogs having mild to moderate clinical disease showing higher transmission rates. The skin parasite burden has a significant correlation with sand fly parasite uptake.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Michael S. Petronek, Douglas R. Spitz, Garry R. Buettner, Bryan G. Allen
Summary: In this study, it was found that the iron oxide nanoparticle Ferumoxytol (FMX) can be oxidized by the products produced from the radiolysis of water. Additionally, the reducing species generated from the radiolysis of water can reduce the Fe3+ sites of the FMX core in the presence of soluble Fe2+. Furthermore, it was shown that ionizing radiation stimulates the release of ferric iron from FMX. Therefore, FMX may serve as an adjuvant to enhance radiotherapy.
JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kyle J. Kinney, Sharon S. Tang, Xiao-Jun Wu, Phuong M. Tran, Nikhila S. Bharadwaj, Katherine N. Gibson-Corley, Ana N. Forsythe, Katarina Kulhankova, Jenny E. Gumperz, Wilmara Salgado-Pabon
Summary: The superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin C (SEC) is critical for Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis (SAIE) in rabbits. Superantigenicity alone cannot account for SAIE, and the antiangiogenic effects of SEC may play an important role.
Retraction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephen J. Roy, Olha M. Koval, Sara C. Sebag, Karima Ait-Aissa, Bryan G. Allen, Douglas R. Spitz, Isabella M. Grumbach
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kelsey Voss, Allison E. Sewell, Evan S. Krystofiak, Katherine N. Gibson-Corley, Arissa C. Young, Jacob H. Basham, Ayaka Sugiura, Emily N. Arner, William N. Beavers, Dillon E. Kunkle, Megan E. Dickson, Gabriel A. Needle, Eric P. Skaar, W. Kimryn Rathmell, Michelle J. Ormseth, Amy S. Major, Jeffrey C. Rathmell
Summary: T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) exhibit metabolic abnormalities, with excess iron playing a potential role in SLE pathogenesis. The transferrin receptor (CD71) is critical for T(H)1 cells and inhibitory for induced regulatory T cells (iT(regs)). Increased CD71 expression and iron uptake were observed in activated T cells, particularly in SLE-prone T cells. Blocking CD71 reduced intracellular iron, mTORC1 signaling, and the production of T(H)1 and T(H)17 cells, while enhancing iT(regs) and IL-10 secretion. In vivo treatment targeting CD71 reduced kidney pathology in SLE-prone mice. CD71 expression on T(H)17 cells correlated with disease severity in SLE patients. Thus, T cell iron uptake via CD71 contributes to T cell dysfunction and can be targeted to limit SLE-associated pathology.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Michael S. Petronek, Emily J. Steinbach, Amanda L. Kalen, Zachariah J. Builta, Cameron M. Callaghan, Dan E. Hyer, Douglas R. Spitz, Ryan T. Flynn, John M. Buatti, Vincent A. Magnotta, Diana Zepeda-Orozco, Joel J. St-Aubin, Bryan G. Allen
Summary: The combination of GBCA and radiation therapy did not increase the risk of AKI in mice, as shown in the study. However, further investigation is needed to evaluate the risk of chronic kidney injury with multiple doses of GBCA administered concurrently with radiation therapy.
RADIATION RESEARCH
(2021)
