Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ines Lledo, Blanca Ibanez, Ana Melero, Alegria Montoro, Juan F. Merino-Torres, Nadia San Onofre, Jose M. Soriano
Summary: This review examines the radioprotective effect of vitamins through ex vivo, in vitro, and in vivo studies. A total of 38 articles were included, which investigated the radioprotective effect of vitamins A, C, D, and E either alone or in combination with other compounds. The use of vitamins, either in their natural form or as supplements, can help reduce the negative effects of radiation on the body, organs, and cells. Among the thirteen vitamins, only vitamin E, followed by vitamin C, A, and D, showed radioprotective properties.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hajar Zarei, Mostean Bahreinipour, Yahya Sefidbakht, Shokouh Rezaei, Rouhollah Gheisari, Susan Kabudanian Ardestani, Vuk Uskokovic, Hiroshi Watabe
Summary: The study found that vitamin C and vitamin E have radioprotective effects against gamma radiation-induced protein structural changes, preventing alterations in the secondary and tertiary structure of the protein.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Seok Hui Kang, Bo Yeon Kim, Eun Jung Son, Gui Ok Kim, Jun Young Do
Summary: This study compared the effect of two uric acid-lowering drugs (allopurinol and febuxostat) on patient survival in hemodialysis patients. The results showed that patient survival during the use of uric acid-lowering drugs was similar to that of patients not receiving the drugs.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Mohammed Junaid Hussain Dowlath, Sathish Kumar Karuppannan, Pamela Sinha, Nihala Sultana Dowlath, Kantha Deivi Arunachalam, B. Ravindran, S. Woong Chang, Phuong Nguyen-Tri, D. Duc Nguyen
Summary: Radiation can be lethal at high doses, but beneficial in controlled doses for medical applications. Plants evolving in radiation conditions have demonstrated the ability to protect organisms against radiation. Studies on plant-based radioprotection have shown promising results and further research is needed to develop effective and safe radioprotectants for clinical use.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Isaac Rodriguez-Rovira, Angela Lopez-Sainz, Maria Encarnacion Palomo-Buitrago, Belen Perez, Francesc Jimenez-Altayo, Victoria Campuzano, Gustavo Egea
Summary: Redox stress is involved in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm in Marfan syndrome. Allopurinol, a xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor, acts as an antioxidant without changing uric acid levels and can block aortopathy in a MFS mouse model. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of hyperuricaemia on aortopathy pathogenesis in MFS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anna Lierova, Jitka Kasparova, Alzbeta Filipova, Jana Cizkova, Lenka Pekarova, Lucie Korecka, Nikola Mannova, Zuzana Bilkova, Zuzana Sinkorova
Summary: Hyaluronic acid is a major component of the extracellular matrix and plays a regulatory role in cell processes. This article reviews its history, metabolic pathway, unique properties, and interaction partners, and explores its potential applications in radiation-induced damage therapy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lashodya V. Dissanayake, Adrian Zietara, Vladislav Levchenko, Denisha R. Spires, Mariana Burgos Angulo, Ashraf El-Meanawy, Aron M. Geurts, Melinda R. Dwinell, Oleg Palygin, Alexander Staruschenko
Summary: The dysregulation of uric acid homeostasis is detrimental to cardiovascular and kidney health. This study established a rat model with the genetic ablation of the Xdh gene and found that the absence of Xdh leads to the accumulation of uric acid metabolites in the kidney, resulting in severe kidney injury and functional decline.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masafumi Kurajoh, Yoshikazu Hiura, Ryutaro Numaguchi, Yasutaka Ihara, Takumi Imai, Tomoaki Morioka, Masanori Emoto, Yukio Nishiguchi
Summary: Low uric acid level is associated with severe COVID-19 progression, possibly through inflammation, alveolar damage, and/or coagulation abnormality.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Blanca Ibanez, Ana Melero, Alegria Montoro, Nadia San Onofre, Jose M. Soriano
Summary: Propolis is a natural substance produced by bees that has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. This manuscript reviews the radioprotective effect of propolis and includes studies on cell-based experiments, animal models, and human trials. The results suggest that propolis can protect against radiation, and its efficacy is attributed to its various bioactive compounds. The characterization and dosage forms of propolis varied among different studies, and the ethanolic extract of propolis showed a significant presence of lipophilic bioactive compounds.
Review
Polymer Science
Yang Li, Han Liu, Yaqun Ding, Wanyu Li, Yuansong Zhang, Shenglin Luo, Qiang Xiang
Summary: Major causes of radiation-induced disease include nuclear accidents, war-related nuclear explosions, and clinical radiotherapy. Hydrogel-based materials, with their tunable performance and excellent biocompatibility, are promising tools for the design of novel radioprotective therapeutic strategies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Isaac Rodriguez-Rovira, Cristina Arce, Karo De Rycke, Belen Perez, Aitor Carretero, Marc Arbones, Gisela Teixido-Tura, Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera, Victoria Campuzano, Francesc Jimenez-Altayo, Gustavo Egea
Summary: This study reveals that XOR plays a role in the progression of MFS aortopathy, and inhibiting XOR can halt the development of aortic root aneurysm in MFS mice. The study also suggests that redox stress is an important determinant of aortic aneurysm formation and progression in MFS, and further evaluation of XOR inhibitors in MFS patients is warranted.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jie Wei, Hyon K. Choi, Nicola Dalbeth, Xiaoxiao Li, Changjun Li, Chao Zeng, Guanghua Lei, Yuqing Zhang
Summary: This retrospective cohort study suggests that the use of SGLT2i in patients with gout and type 2 diabetes is associated with a lower risk of recurrent gout flares and mortality.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luc Molet-Benhamou, Kelly Virecoulon Giudici, Philipe de Souto Barreto, Christelle Cantet, Yves Rolland
Summary: This article examined the association between long-term use of urate-lowering therapies (ULT) and cognitive decline among community-dwelling older adults and found that ULT use was not associated with reduced cognitive decline over a 5-year follow-up. The study provides important insights into the relationship between cognitive function and urate-lowering therapies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Neetu Agrawal, Medha Arya, Priya Kushwah
Summary: Xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors are commonly used to treat gout and renal stone diseases related to hyperuricemia. Recent research suggests that these inhibitors may also have potential benefits in preventing vascular diseases, including cerebrovascular diseases. This is due to the involvement of serum uric acid in cardiovascular disease growth and the ability of XO inhibition to reduce oxidative stress in blood vessels. The development of new XO inhibitors with greater potency for hyperuricemia and gout treatment is of great interest.
CHEMICAL BIOLOGY & DRUG DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Salma Barkaoui, Melika Mankai, Najla B. Miloud, Mokhtar Kraiem, Joana Madureira, Sandra Cabo Verde, Nourhene Boudhrioua
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive investigation on the impact of gamma radiation on strawberries, evaluating physicochemical, microbiological, sensory, phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant aspects. The results showed that gamma radiation could effectively reduce mold and yeast proliferation at certain doses while affecting sensory quality and bioactive components, with 2 kGy demonstrating the most favorable results.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biology
Jagdish Gopal Paithankar, Tanhaji Sandu Ghodke, Rajashekhar K. Patil
Summary: Ionizing radiation is widely used in pest control in agriculture, but the resistance to radiation varies among different insect orders. Recent studies have shown that radiation resistance is independent of insect evolution.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Faizan Kalekhan, Avinash K. Kudva, Shamprasad Raghu, Suresh Rao, Sanath K. Hegde, Paul Simon, Manjeshwar S. Baliga
Summary: This review summarizes the therapeutic effects of certain plants and plant products in mitigating acute radiation dermatitis in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. The review also discusses the mechanisms responsible for these effects. The findings have important implications for cancer patients, dermatologists, and the agricultural and pharmaceutical sectors.
ANTI-CANCER AGENTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biology
Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Golgodu Krishnamurthy Rajanikant, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga
Summary: Despite inconclusive evidence, epidemiological studies suggest that increased exposure to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) can increase the risk of certain tumors. The use of medicinal plants with antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties, such as green tea polyphenols and Ginkgo biloba, may help mitigate the harmful effects of EMR exposure.
ELECTROMAGNETIC BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jagdish Gopal Paithankar, Sharanya Kushalan, S. Nijil, Smitha Hegde, Sudarshan Kini, Anurag Sharma
Summary: This study investigated the effects of chemically synthesized 3-mercapto propionic acid-functionalized CdTe QDs on the survival, development, reproduction, and behavior of organisms using Drosophila melanogaster as a model. The study found that high concentrations of CdTe QDs led to decreased survival rates, delayed emergence, impaired reproduction, and wing deformities in the organisms. CdTe QDs also caused elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death in gut cells, indicating subcellular toxicity. However, co-exposure with the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) alleviated the developmental, reproductive, and survival adversities caused by CdTe QDs.
Article
Neurosciences
Sayali Chandrashekhar Deolankar, Mohd Altaf Najar, Poornima Ramesh, Anagha Kanichery, Avinash K. Kudva, Shamprasad Varija Raghu, T. S. Keshava Prasad
Summary: Accumulation of A beta(42) peptides forming plaque in various regions of the brain is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease progression. However, there is currently no effective management strategy for attenuating the early-stage toxicity induced by A beta(42). This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of aqueous extracts from Bacopa monnieri and Centella asiatica (both commonly known as Brahmi) using a Drosophila melanogaster model. Through quantitative proteomics analysis, the study found that the Brahmi extract restored the expression of a significant portion of differentially expressed proteins in A beta(42)-expressing flies, which are involved in neuronal pathways associated with cell cycle re-entry, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dynamics. The neuroprotective effect of Brahmi was also confirmed by negative geotaxis behavioral analysis. These findings provide a platform for developing novel therapies for Alzheimer's disease by elucidating the molecular targets of neuroprotection conferred by the aqueous extracts of Bacopa monnieri or Centella asiatica.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nishal Keshav, Ramyalakshmi Ammankallu, Shashidhar, Jagdish Gopal Paithankar, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga, Rajashekhar K. Patil, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Shamprasad Varija Raghu
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by chronic inflammation in the intestine, is triggered by oxidative stress caused by reactive free radicals. The global incidence of IBD is increasing but lacks long-term therapeutic options. The absence of adequate animal models has hindered understanding the pathogenesis of IBD. This study used Drosophila as a model to induce and investigate DSS-induced colitis, finding that DSS-induced inflammation in Drosophila lowers antioxidant molecule levels, affects lifespan, and induces cellular damage in the GI tract.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sathyanarayana D. Shankara, Arun M. Isloor, Avinash K. Kudva, Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Pavan K. Jayaswamy, Pushyaraga P. Venugopal, Praveenkumar Shetty, Debashree Chakraborty
Summary: In this study, a series of new 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives were synthesized and their structures were characterized. The compounds were found to exhibit anti-cancer and anti-diabetic properties. Molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies were performed to investigate the binding behavior of the candidates. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the cytotoxic and anti-diabetic efficacy of some compounds.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Suresh Rao, Venkataramana Kini, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Thomas George, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga
Summary: Although useful in treating cancer, exposure to ionizing radiation can have harmful side effects. Certain fruits and phytochemicals have been found to be effective in preventing radiation-induced damage. Clinical studies have shown that fruits can help mitigate radiation-induced mucositis, dermatitis, and cystitis.
Article
Polymer Science
Shwetarani Rajamani, Ramesh Gani, Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Avinash Kudva, Murigendra Hiremath, Apsara Kavital, Nityasree Ramanath, Anand Nasalapure
Summary: In this study, environmentally friendly packaging material was synthesized using nanotechnology, which effectively inhibits microbial growth and improves the shelf-life of food.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Rajanikant Golgodu Krishnamurthy, Jayesh Mudgal, Thomas George, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga
Summary: Exposure to ionizing radiation can harm the brain, leading to increased blood-brain barrier permeability, neuronal apoptosis, reduced neurogenesis, impaired synaptic plasticity, and cognitive dysfunction. Dietary plants and phytochemicals, such as vitamin E, corilagin, curcumin, resveratrol, and ursolic acid, have shown potential in mitigating radiation-induced damage to the central nervous system. Furthermore, alpha-tocopherol and the micronutrient selenium have neuroprotective effects in cancer survivors previously treated with brain radiation.