Article
Environmental Sciences
Casey V. Doucet, Andrew L. Labaj, Joshua Kurek
Summary: The study found significant differences in microfiber content between different rivers but no clear association with WWTP discharge points. Despite differences in mussel size between the two tributaries, smaller mussels contained more microfibers.
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Robotics
Qiguang He, Zhijian Wang, Yang Wang, Zijun Wang, Chenghai Li, Raja Annapooranan, Jian Zeng, Renkun Chen, Shengqiang Cai
Summary: The study demonstrates the fabrication of liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) microfiber actuators using electrospinning technique, which exhibit exceptional performance in terms of large actuation strain, fast response speed, and high power density. The LCE microfibers also show excellent stability at high temperatures and can be remotely controlled using near-infrared laser through photothermal effect.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shannen Thora Lea Sait, Vaida Surviliene, Mart Jussi, Susana Gonzalez, Tomasz Maciej Ciesielski, Bjorn Munro Jenssen, Alexandros G. Asimakopoulos
Summary: A HybridSPE protocol tailored to UPC2-MS/MS was developed for the determination of 19 steroid hormones in grey seal blood plasma. The protocol showed acceptable recoveries ranging from 33 to 90% and a total run time of 5 min. The method exhibited good repeatability and low limits of quantification for most target analytes.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Philip S. Hammond, Tessa B. Francis, Dennis Heinemann, Kristy J. Long, Jeffrey E. Moore, Andre E. Punt, Randall R. Reeves, Maritza Sepulveda, Guojon Mar Sigurosson, Margaret C. Siple, Gisli Vikingsson, Paul R. Wade, Rob Williams, Alexandre N. Zerbini
Summary: This paper provides an overview of methods for estimating marine mammal population abundance, focusing on pinnipeds, cetaceans, and sirenians. Common methods include extrapolation for pinnipeds and transect surveys for cetaceans and sirenians. Key considerations include defining the population, selecting appropriate methods, and understanding the resources needed for data collection and analysis.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Yoon-Ji Lee, Giphil Cho, Sangil Kim, Inseo Hwang, Seong-Oh Im, Hye-Min Park, Na-Yeong Kim, Myung-Joon Kim, Dasom Lee, Seok-Nam Kwak, Sang-Heon Lee
Summary: This study reconstructs the population of the Dokdo sea lion using a population model and examines the impact of human hunting pressure. The results demonstrate a rapid decline in the population within 10 years of hunting, indicating an extinction risk.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Qiang Zhang, Jie Zhang, Shiwei Yang, Ruili Zhai, Yuyang Xie, Yongmin Li
Summary: In this paper, an optomechanical torsion sensor using a microfiber mechanical resonator is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The torsion angle is determined by monitoring the resonant frequency shifts of the microfiber resonator. The results show that the resonant frequency shift is non-linear to the torsion angle, with the fundamental mode being more sensitive than higher modes. The sensor exhibits high sensitivity and resolution, making it a promising candidate for practical engineering applications.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Carlos Mauricio Peredo, Danielle N. Ingle, Christopher D. Marshall
Summary: Marine mammals, particularly pinnipeds, have undergone significant morphological transformations in their evolutionary history. This study investigates the relationship between dental morphology and feeding behavior in pinnipeds. It finds significant differences in puncture performance across seven extant pinniped genera and categorizes them into effective, ineffective, and moderate puncturers based on cheek-teeth morphology. The overall complexity of the tooth row does not predict puncture performance.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Alyx O. Milne, Llwyd Orton, Charlotte H. Black, Gary C. Jones, Matthew Sullivan, Robyn A. Grant
Summary: California sea lions are capable of making task-specific whisker movements, such as using large movements to judge size, smaller lateral stroking movements to judge texture, and very small movements during visual tasks. This, combined with the ease of training and measuring whisker movements in mammals, makes whiskers an ideal system for studying perception, cognition, and motor control in mammals.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huan Lin, Nicholas Hunter, Hamidreza Zobeiri, Yanan Yue, Xinwei Wang
Summary: This study reports on the ultra thermal sensing capability of graphene microfibers (GMFs), especially at cryogenic temperatures. The electrical resistance of GMF increases significantly from 295 K to 11 K, making it an extremely sensitive material for temperature measurement at the micro/nanoscale. The GMFs also maintain their sensitivity after current annealing, improving their application robustness in thermally hostile environments.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yanpeng Li, Shijie Tan, Liuyang Yang, Liangye Li, Fang Fang, Qizhen Sun
Summary: A silica microfiber probe-based optical neuron (MPON) for robot finger motion detection was proposed in this study. The use of a composite structure protected the waveguide structure of the silica microfiber probe and successfully distinguished different finger motions.
ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elsa B. Girard, Adrian Fuchs, Melanie Kaliwoda, Markus Lasut, Evelyn Ploetz, Wolfgang W. Schmahl, Gert Worheide
Summary: Man-made pollution, including microplastics, are threatening the world's oceans. Sponges have been identified as potential bioindicators for microparticulate pollutants, with samples from coral reef demosponges near Bangka Island in Indonesia showing accumulation of a variety of particles including polystyrene, cotton, titanium dioxide and blue-pigmented particles. Sponges can incorporate thousands of microparticulate pollutants in their tissue, making them a strong candidate for biomonitoring efforts.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emad A. Alsherif, Turki M. Al-Shaikh, Omar Almaghrabi, Hamada AbdElgawad
Summary: This research aims to introduce a heavy metal resistant plant species and evaluate its effectiveness in remediating heavy metal contamination. Through field research, Sesuvium portulacastrum L. was identified as a plant species with strong heavy metal uptake capabilities. At the organ level, this plant species utilizes detoxification and antioxidant mechanisms to control growth reduction and oxidative damage.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinfeng Ding, Chengjun Sun, Changfei He, Jingxi Li, Peng Ju, Fengmin Li
Summary: The study found that the abundance of microplastics in the digestive systems of bivalves varied significantly between different seasons and regions, with microfibers being the most common shape. Ruditapes philippinarum accumulated more smaller-sized microplastics, while Mytilus galloprovincialis could reflect the variability of microplastic polymer types in the surrounding water.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Longgang Song, Bo Chang, Yuhang Feng, Jialong Jin, Quan Zhou
Summary: In this article, a novel self-alignment capillary gripper for microfiber manipulation is reported. The gripper is facile and convenient to use, and can achieve high precision self-alignment of microfibers. It is versatile and can be used with different types of microfibers, and can also construct two-dimensional patterns and plug fibers into microglass capillaries.
IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
D. J. Perez-Venegas, B. D. Hardesty, C. Wilcox, C. Galban-Malagon
Summary: This study used Generalized Additive Models to predict entanglement incidents in 13 pinniped species caused by fishing-related activities over the last four decades (1976-2017). By analyzing reported entanglement numbers, fishing effort covariates, and floating plastic debris distribution, the study generated global hotspot maps that identify regions where pinnipeds are susceptible to entanglement. The analysis highlighted entanglement hotspots in the North Pacific and Southeastern Australia.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Mauricio Seguel, Sarah A. Budischak, Anna E. Jolles, Vanessa O. Ezenwa
Summary: Host phenotypes can change in response to parasite infection and these changes can impact parasite interactions. In this study, the authors tracked changes in host immune and morphological phenotypes during co-infection of African buffalo with helminths and coccidia. They found that the clearance of different helminth species induced specific immune responses and affected coccidia shedding. Higher coccidia shedding had negative effects on host fitness. These findings highlight the complexity of parasite interactions and the importance of studying host phenotypes in understanding these interactions.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Leonardo Doig-Alba, Alonso Bussalleu, Susana Cardenas-Alayza, Marco Cardena-Mormontoy, Armando Valdes-Velasquez
Summary: Guano extraction in Peru has had significant impacts on endangered Humboldt penguin colonies, but the two most recent harvests did not show evidence of immediate effects on breeding. However, long-term population decline and irregular breeding patterns may obscure potential impacts.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yoelvis Sulbaran-Bracho, Matias Orellana-Saez, Juan Castro-Severyn, Cristobal Galban-Malagon, Eduardo Castro-Nallar, Ignacio Poblete-Castro
Summary: More than 21,000 tons of diesel oil were accidentally released into the environment in 2020, with water bodies being the most contaminated. Sustainable technologies are urgently needed to clean up rivers and oceans in order to protect wildlife and human health. Bacterial consortia, especially those from Antarctic microorganisms, show promise in diesel degradation, but their effectiveness at higher temperatures compared to their natural habitats remains uncertain.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Marcos Perez-Losada, Eduardo Castro-Nallar, Jose Laerte Boechat, Luis Delgado, Tiago Azenha Rama, Valentin Berrios-Farias, Manuela Oliveira
Summary: Allergic rhinitis and asthma lead to dysbiosis of nasal bacteriome, which can be potential biomarkers for diagnostics and therapeutics. This study provides insights into the distinct bacteriota in the nose during health and respiratory diseases.
Article
Microbiology
Sergio Guajardo-Leiva, Katterinne N. Mendez, Claudio Meneses, Beatriz Diez, Eduardo Castro-Nallar
Summary: While progress has been made in studying microbial and viral communities in the oceans, the coastal waters of Northern Patagonia, particularly the Comau Fjord, remain understudied despite high-density salmon farming and other disturbances. In this study, the researchers found that the microbial and viral communities in the Comau Fjord were distinct from global surveys but shared similarities with cosmopolitan marine microbes and known viral members from North America and the southern oceans. They also discovered functional enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), indicating the potential impact of salmon farming and anthropogenic activities. These findings highlight the importance of further research on the diversity, resilience, and resistance of these communities.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Felix Ayala, Antia Rangel-Vega, Edgardo Quinde, Eddy Reyes, Martin Zeta-Flores, Juan Tume-Ruiz, Gabriel Enrique De-la-Torre
Summary: This study analyzed the scientific production and collaborations of Latin American Pacific Alliance countries in the field of microplastics research. Mexico has the highest number of publications, with a focus on marine-coastal/wetland ecosystems and fish. However, there is a lack of an inter-institutional group dedicated to microplastics research in these countries. Collaboration between academic institutions and government agencies is recommended.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Karla Pozo, German Oyola, Hector Jorquera, Victoria Gomez, Cristobal Galban-Malagon, Marcelo Mena-Carrasco, Ondrej Audy, Petra Pribylova, Yago Guida, Victor Hugo Estellano, Gerhard Lammel, Jana Klanova
Summary: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been widely used as flame retardants in various products. This study investigated the impact of a landfill fire on PBDE levels in the air and soil, and found an increase in PBDE concentrations in the affected areas. However, the concentrations were considered low compared to other regions and no direct health risk was suggested.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
D. J. Perez-Venegas, B. D. Hardesty, C. Wilcox, C. Galban-Malagon
Summary: This study used Generalized Additive Models to predict entanglement incidents in 13 pinniped species caused by fishing-related activities over the last four decades (1976-2017). By analyzing reported entanglement numbers, fishing effort covariates, and floating plastic debris distribution, the study generated global hotspot maps that identify regions where pinnipeds are susceptible to entanglement. The analysis highlighted entanglement hotspots in the North Pacific and Southeastern Australia.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Claudia Egas, Cristobal Galban-Malagon, Eduardo Castro-Nallar, Marco A. Molina-Montenegro
Summary: The Arctic and the Antarctic Continent are two eco-regions with extreme climatic conditions. Anthropogenic pollution by semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in these polar ecosystems has been well-documented since the 1960s and continues to pose a threat to biodiversity and the ecosystem. Microorganisms in polar environments have the potential for biodegradation of SVOCs through a variety of genes encoding enzymes, making bioremediation by native microorganisms a feasible strategy to mitigate SVOCs presence. A comprehensive approach at the molecular and ecological level is required to address the slow degradation and accumulation of SVOCs in polar ecosystems, with implications for the preservation of these ecosystems at a global level.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Editorial Material
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Fernando Vilchez-Delgado, Susana Cardenas-Alayza, Selene Diaz, Sandra Marquez-Alvis, Fatima Guzman, Alejandro Pereda-Sanchez, Evelin Garcia-Collave, Shaleyla Kelez, Yuri Hooker, Carlos Calvo-MacCentro
Article
Environmental Sciences
Susan Bengtson Nash, Pernilla Bohlin-Nizzetto, Cristobal Galban-Malagon, Simonetta Corsolini, Alessandra Cincinelli, Rainer Lohmann
Summary: Global production and emission of chemicals exceed assessment and monitoring capacities, calling for improved regulatory frameworks and expedited decision making. The polar regions represent unique areas to study global chemical behavior, but research in the Antarctic is underdeveloped due to geopolitical complexities and lack of legal recognition. This Personal View identifies four priority research gaps and recommends strategic actions for Antarctic Treaty parties.
LANCET PLANETARY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Felix Ayala, Martin Zeta-Flores, Sonia Ramos-Baldarrago, Juan Tume-Ruiz, Antia Rangel-Vega, Eddy Reyes, Edgardo Quinde, Gabriel Enrique De-la-Torre, Leticia Lajo-Salazar, Susana Cardenas-Alayza
Summary: Plastics have brought benefits to society, but mismanagement has turned them into a serious environmental problem. This review focuses on the interactions between terrestrial mammals and plastic waste in the Americas, which is a hotspot of mammalian biodiversity and high plastic waste generation. We identified 46 scientific articles documenting plastic ingestion in 37 species and plastic use for nest or burrow construction in four species. The research on plastic pollution in terrestrial mammals is limited and lacks standardized analytical methods.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cristobal Galban-Malagon, Victoria Antonieta Gomez-Aburto, Andrea Hirmas-Olivares, Thais Luarte, Naiara Berrojalbiz, Jordi Dachs
Summary: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including DDT and its metabolites, are found worldwide and even in polar regions. This study reports the levels of DDT and its metabolites in the Antarctic environment, which were within the range of reported concentrations in the last 20 years. The source analysis indicates that most of the DDT comes from fresh applications and Dicofol formulations. The air mass trajectories suggest that the continental Antarctic peninsula and surrounding waters are major sources of DDT. Diffusive exchange shows that Antarctic surface waters act as the final sink for these compounds.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Atefeh Zendehboudi, Azam Mohammadi, Sina Dobaradaran, Gabriel E. De-la-Torre, Bahman Ramavandi, Seyed Enayat Hashemi, Reza Saeedi, Emran Moradpour Tayebi, Ahmad Vafaee, Amirhossein Darabi
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics and ecological risks of microplastics (MPs) in ballast water for the first time, and found high levels of MP pollution. These findings contribute to our understanding of the sources and risks of microplastics in marine ecosystems.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rose Boahemaa Pinto, Linda Bogerd, Martine van der Ploeg, Kwame Duah, Remko Uijlenhoet, Tim H. M. van Emmerik
Summary: Catchment-scale plastic pollution assessments provide insights into the sources, sinks, and pathways of plastic pollution. We propose an approach to quantify macroplastic transport and density in the Odaw catchment, Ghana, and find that the urban riverine zone has the highest transport, while the urban tidal zone has the highest riverbank and land macroplastic density.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aliya Baidourela, Qian Sun, Gongxin Yang, Umut Halik, Zhongkai Dong, Kaixu Cai, Guili Sun, Wenya Zhang, Sisi Cheng
Summary: The study focused on heavy metal pollution in the green vegetation of a suburban industrial area in Tuokexun County, Xinjiang, China. The results showed that the overall level of heavy metal pollution in the soil was minor, with mercury (Hg) being the most severe contamination, likely caused by human activities. The composition of heavy metal elements in trees was more stable compared to grass and shrubs, with varying concentrations across different vegetation. Shrubbery was found to be the most effective in heavy metal restoration, and there were disparities in heavy metal enrichment among different vegetation types.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
James H. Bridson, Hayden Masterton, Beatrix Theobald, Regis Risani, Fraser Doake, Jessica A. Wallbank, Stefan D. M. Maday, Gavin Lear, Robert Abbel, Dawn A. Smith, Joanne M. Kingsbury, Olga Pantos, Grant L. Northcott, Sally Gaw
Summary: Plastic pollution has significant environmental impacts, largely due to chemical additives. However, the behavior of plastic additives in marine environments is not well understood. A marine deployment experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of weathering on the extractables profile of four types of plastics in New Zealand over a period of nine months. The concentration of additives in polyethylene and oxo-degradable polyethylene was strongly influenced by artificial weathering, while polyamide 6 and polyethylene terephthalate showed minimal change. These findings emphasize the importance of considering leaching and weathering effects on plastic composition when assessing the potential impact and risk of plastic pollution in receiving environments.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alan G. Scarlett, Francis D. Spilsbury, Steven J. Rowland, Marthe Monique Gagnon, Kliti Grice
Summary: This study used diamondoid hydrocarbon distributions to identify the sources of environmental oil contamination. A suite of 20 diamondoids was found to accumulate in fish adipose tissue. The scatter plots of indices between fish and exposure oils showed a close to ideal 1:1 relationship, which can be used to determine the origin of the oil.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shan Jiang, Mengmeng Wan, Kun Lin, Yanshan Chen, Rui Wang, Liju Tan, Jiangtao Wang
Summary: In this study, the concentration, composition, distribution, and sources of PCBs in surface seawater of the Bohai Bay were analyzed. The results showed that PCBs in the Bohai Bay had high concentrations and were primarily derived from land-based sources such as port activities and river inputs. The PCBs in the Bohai Bay may come from commercial PCBs and their incineration products, municipal landfills, wood and coal combustion, and industrial activities, etc.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Icaro S. A. Porto, Saulo V. A. Dantas, Caio S. A. Felix, Francisco A. S. Cunha, Jailson B. de Andrade, Sergio L. C. Ferreira
Summary: This study evaluated the risks of mercury levels in sardines consumed by low-income population in Salvador, Brazil. The results showed that the mercury content in the sampled sardines posed no risks to human health. This study is significant as most sardines in Salvador come from Todos os Santos Bay, which has a history of mercury contamination.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiahui Chen, Chengyu Yuan, Guanqun Zhai, Guangcheng Chen, Heng Zhu, Jun Liu, Yong Ye
Summary: This study investigated the combined influences of species selection and site elevation on greenhouse gas fluxes from restored mangrove soils. The results suggest that Avicennia marina should be selected for mangrove restoration to minimize carbon release and reduce the influence of greenhouse gas fluxes on the global greenhouse effect.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emmanuel Onyeabor, Uju Obuka
Summary: The Gulf of Guinea region in Africa is a significant area for coastal countries, playing a vital role in their economic and environmental development. This study aims to reduce marine plastic pollution in the region by utilizing legal instruments.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuanli Liu, Stephan Luttjohann, Alvise Vianello, Claudia Lorenz, Fan Liu, Jes Vollertsen
Summary: Large area attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (LAATR-FTIR) is a novel technique for detecting small microplastics, with limited accuracy for large microplastics. However, it shows promise in homogeneous matrices. The spectra quality is comparable between transmission mode and LAATR mode.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Phuc T. D. Le, Andrew M. Fischer, Britta D. Hardesty, Heidi J. Auman, Chris Wilcox
Summary: This study explores the relationship between ocean currents and the accumulation of floating marine debris (FMD) and finds that higher concentrations of FMD are associated with frontal frequencies (FF). FMD is primarily trapped in accumulation zones between fronts and the coastline, which have high biodiversity value.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rosa Sawan, Perine Doyen, Florence Viudes, Rachid Amara, Celine Mahfouz
Summary: Few studies have examined the impact of urbanization and meteorological events on microplastics discharged into the sea through rivers. Surface water samples were collected from two Lebanese rivers, with differing degrees of urbanization, during dry and wet periods. The results showed that the most industrialized river had a significantly higher abundance of microplastics compared to the less-industrialized river. There was also a correlation between particle contamination and the season at each site, with microplastic concentrations highest on the first day of the wet season. These findings highlight the importance of considering meteorological events in accurately assessing plastic pollution influx into coastal waters.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Katherine R. Shaw, Jonathan L. Whitney, Eileen M. Nalley, Madeline C. Schmidbauer, Megan J. Donahue, Jesse Black, Raquel N. Corniuk, Kellie Teague, Rachel Sandquist, Catherine Pirkle, Rachel Dacks, Max Sudnovsky, Jennifer M. Lynch
Summary: This study examines the ingestion of plastic in reef fish in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. Plastic particles were found in the gastrointestinal tracts of multiple fish species. However, further analysis revealed that these particles were actually natural materials and posed no threat to human consumers.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Revati Hardikar, C. K. Haridevi, Shantaj Deshbhratar
Summary: This study investigated the variability in phytoplankton functional structure using a trait-based approach and explored the relationship between species traits and environmental factors, as well as their impact on ecosystem functioning. The results revealed that morphological traits, temperature, and ammonia played a decisive role in the seasonal succession of phytoplankton species. It was found that certain traits favored higher biomass production but might hinder energy transfer efficiency. The strong correlation between environmental variables and phytoplankton functional structure supports the practical implementation of a trait-based approach in studying phytoplankton community dynamics under different environmental conditions.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Engki A. Kisnarti, Nining Sari Ningsih, Mutiara R. Putri, Nani Hendiarti, Bernhard Mayer
Summary: This study examines the movement patterns of plastic marine debris in Indonesian waters, revealing that Indonesia contributes significantly to transboundary marine debris in the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the South China Sea. Most of the debris remains in Indonesian waters and moves back and forth due to the influence of monsoon currents.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2024)
