Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Adrian Hernandez, John Ingemi, Michael Sherman, Vinay Pasupuleti, Joshuan J. Barboza, Alejandro Piscoya, Yuani M. Roman, Charles M. White
Summary: Prophylactic use of hydroxychloroquine did not reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection or mortality, and was associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal side effects. The quality of evidence for these outcomes was deemed low to very low.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jorge Rojas-Serrano, Angelica Margarita Portillo-Vasquez, Ireri Thirion-Romero, Joel Vazquez-Perez, Fidencio Mejia-Nepomuceno, Alejandra Ramirez-Venegas, Karla Midori Perez-Kawabe, Rogelio Perez-Padilla
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine for prophylaxis of COVID-19 in health care workers. The results showed that hydroxychloroquine had a slightly higher effect size than placebo in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 infection, but this was not statistically significant.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Raphael B. Stricker, Melissa C. Fesler
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused over 200 million infections and more than four million deaths worldwide. The safety and efficacy of novel vaccines are still in question, while alternative approaches to prevention have been overlooked. Despite controversy, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been dismissed as a pre-exposure prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael J. Keane
Summary: Cavalcanti et al. highlighted in their article that the use of hydroxychloroquine and macrolides had quickly become common in Brazil for Covid-19 patients, making it challenging to enroll patients who had not used these medications before. Changes to the trial protocol were made in response to this situation.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Radha Rajasingham, Ananta S. Bangdiwala, Melanie R. Nicol, Caleb P. Skipper, Katelyn A. Pastick, Margaret L. Axelrod, Matthew F. Pullen, Alanna A. Nascene, Darlisha A. Williams, Nicole W. Engen, Elizabeth C. Okafor, Brian Rini, Ingrid A. Mayer, Emily G. McDonald, Todd C. Lee, Peter Li, Lauren J. MacKenzie, Justin M. Balko, Stephen J. Dunlop, Katherine H. Hullsiek, David R. Boulware, Sarah M. Lofgren
Summary: A clinical trial investigating hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis for healthcare workers at high risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 found that once-weekly or twice-weekly dosing did not significantly reduce the incidence of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 or COVID-19-compatible illness.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maruxa Zapata-Cachafeiro, Angela Prieto-Campo, Manuel Portela-Romero, Eduardo Carracedo-Martinez, Martina Lema-Oreiro, Maria Pineiro-Lamas, Somnath Chaudhuri, Angel Salgado-Barreira, Adolfo Figueiras
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of previous anticoagulant treatment on hospitalization risk, progression to severe COVID-19, and susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. The results showed that antivitamin K anticoagulants were associated with a significantly lower risk of hospitalization and susceptibility to infection. Direct-acting anticoagulants also seemed to decrease susceptibility, but were not associated with hospitalization risk. Furthermore, the use of low-molecular-weight heparins was associated with an increased risk of progression to severe COVID-19.
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Matthew P. Fox, Lucy D'Agostino McGowan, Bryan D. James, Justin Lessler, Shruti H. Mehta, Eleanor J. Murray
Summary: The debate on the use of hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin in treating COVID-19 requires thorough evaluation of facts and literature, and advocating for continual scrutiny to uphold scientific integrity and public health safety.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rauf Naizi, Fibha Syed, Mohammad Ali Arif, Rana Imran Sikander, Adil Ramzan, Valeed Bin Mansoor
Summary: This study showed that prophylactic use of HCQ in high-risk individuals significantly reduced the proportion of COVID-19 positive cases, and decreased the risks of shortness of breath, anosmia, and hospitalization among those infected with the virus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Praveen Kumar-M, Ritin Mohindra, Ashish Bhalla, Nusrat Shafiq, Vikas Suri, Deepa Kumari, Avaneesh Kumar Pandey, Ankur Gupta, Parul Chawla Gupta, Amol Patil, Ashish Kumar Kakkar, Samir Malhotra
Summary: The study found that hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis was safe and well-tolerated in healthcare workers when administered after appropriate screening and monitoring for adverse events.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Atiya R. Faruqui, Denis Xavier, Sandhya K. Kamat, Sujith J. Chandy, Bikash Medhi, Raakhi K. Tripathi, Yashashri C. Shetty, John Michael Raj, Sandeep Kaushal, S. Balakrishnan, Shubham Atal, Santanu K. Tripathi, Dinesh K. Badyal, Harihar Dikshit, Sukalyan Saha Roy, Niyati Trivedi, Suparna Chatterjee, Chetna Desai, C. D. Tripathi, Nirmala N. Rege, Pooja Gupta, R. Raveendran, Rajni Kaul, Nilima A. Kshirsagar
Summary: This study evaluated short-term adverse events of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in healthcare workers (HCWs) for COVID-19 prophylaxis. The results showed that most HCWs tolerated the first dose of HCQ well and only a small number experienced mild adverse reactions, with no hospitalizations required.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John Buckell, Joel Jones, Philippa C. Matthews, Sir Ian Diamond, Emma Rourke, Ruth Studley, Duncan Cook, Ann Sarah Walker, Koen B. Pouwels
Summary: The physiological effects of COVID-19 vaccination are well-documented, but the impact on behavior is not well understood. Risk compensation theory suggests that individuals may engage in more risky activities after being vaccinated, offsetting the gains in personal safety. This study found that behavior was not directly related to personal vaccination status, but was influenced by the level of vaccination in the wider population, indicating a potential risk compensation effect.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Harmanjit Singh, Prerna Chauhan, Ashish Kumar Kakkar
Summary: Amid the ongoing global pandemic of COVID-19, the effectiveness and safety of using hydroxychloroquine-sulfate (HCQS) as a treatment option remain uncertain and require further research data support.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marco Infante, Camillo Ricordi, Rodolfo Alejandro, Massimiliano Caprio, Andrea Fabbri
Summary: The clinical evidence suggests that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) does not provide benefits for the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and may even increase the risk of QT interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias. The FDA has revoked the Emergency Use Authorization for HCQ and chloroquine for treating COVID-19. The effectiveness of HCQ as a prophylactic measure against COVID-19 still needs to be further investigated.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Lubaba Shahrin, Mustafa Mahfuz, Md. Waliur Rahman, Md. Rezaul Hossain, Afsana Mim Khandaker, Md. Ashraful Alam, Din M. M. F. Osmany, Md. Munirul Islam, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Chaudhury Meshkat Ahmed, Tahmeed Ahmed
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine as a prophylaxis for COVID-19 in frontline healthcare workers. The results showed a slightly higher proportion of infections in the HCQ group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Proper infection prevention and control measures, along with vaccination, are the only way to prevent COVID-19.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jeffrey Pradeep Raj, Nithya Jaideep Gogtay, Avaneesh Pandey, Ashish Kumar Kakkar, Nusrat Shafiq, Padmaja Mekala, Usharani Pingali, Arun Prasath Raju, Surulivelrajan Mallayasamy, Nilima Arun Kshirsagar
Summary: Limited information on the population pharmacokinetics (popPK) of HCQ in an Indian setting when administered for prophylaxis against COVID-19 prompted a multicentric prospective study in India. The study analyzed HCQ concentrations in healthcare workers using a two-compartment structural model and proposed a new weight-based dosage regimen to maintain effective concentrations.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
