Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qifan Yang, Deliang Chen
Summary: This review focuses on the importance of Na+ pump research, particularly on the structural and functional studies of the light-driven Na+-pumping rhodopsin (NaR). Key areas of investigation include uncovering the translocation pathway of Na+, examining the role of structural changes in the photocycle for Na+ transport, and investigating the timing of Na+ uptake/release.
Article
Plant Sciences
Siarhei A. Dabravolski, Stanislav Isayenkov
Summary: Soil salinity is a major factor affecting the growth of agricultural crops. The evolution of plant Na+/K+-P-ATPases shows significant differences in domain architecture and subunit composition depending on plant taxa and environmental salinity. The gradual replacement of the Na+-binding site with the Ca2+-binding site during evolution is observed in various organisms.
Review
Physiology
Spencer A. Freeman, Sergio Grinstein, John Orlowski
Summary: The protonation state of macromolecules affects their properties and functions. Protons are also involved in metabolic reactions and drive the transmembrane transport of substances. Maintaining the intracellular pH is crucial for cellular stability. Recent advancements in molecular probes and genomic, proteomic, and electrophysiological techniques have enhanced our understanding of the regulation of intracellular pH and its implications for cellular function in health and disease.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Anja T. Fuglsang, Michael Palmgren
Summary: Plant plasma membrane H+-ATPases and Ca2+-ATPases are crucial for maintaining low cytoplasmic concentrations of H+ and Ca2+ respectively, essential for plant growth and development. They are finely regulated in response to external stimuli and physiological adaptations.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander A. Baykov, Viktor A. Anashkin, Anssi M. Malinen, Alexander V. Bogachev
Summary: Membrane pyrophosphatases (mPPases) are ancient membrane transporters found in plant vacuoles and some prokaryotes and protists. They couple pyrophosphate hydrolysis with the transport of H+ and/or Na+ out of the cytoplasm, and play a significant role in regulating the level of cytoplasmic pyrophosphate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Milena Maya-Hoyos, Dulce Mata-Espinosa, Manuel O. Lopez-Torres, Blanca Tovar-Vazquez, Jorge Barrios-Payan, Juan C. Leon-Contreras, Marisol Ocampo, Rogelio Hernandez-Pando, Carlos Y. Soto
Summary: Identification and targeting of CtpF as a potential attenuation target for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has shown reduced proliferation and virulence in mouse models, while maintaining immunogenicity. Differential expression levels of ctpF in latent and progressive TB mouse models suggest its involvement in Mtb persistence. Possible complementary mechanisms for Ca2+ transport deficiencies mediated by P-type ATPases are also indicated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Vladislava Schulz, Christopher Schmidt-Vogler, Phillip Strohmeyer, Stefanie Weber, Daniel Kleemann, Dietrich H. Nies, Martin Herzberg
Summary: In the metallophilic betaproteobacterium, the Czc metal homeostasis system regulates the periplasmic concentrations of zinc, cobalt, and cadmium, while ZntA removes excess cytoplasmic zinc ions. Rmet_3456 acts as the main regulator for ZntA expression, with Rmet_2302 identified as the regulator for the CadA gene. These regulatory proteins form a complex network and balance cellular zinc content.
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yang Li, Tianyao Weng, Peisi Li, Hai Huang, Xinliu He, Kai Guo, Jiye Zhang, Juanjuan Xing, Shuankui Li, Ying Jiang, Jun Luo
Summary: This study investigates the manipulation of carrier concentration in semiconductors through doping using Cl substitution in BaCu2Te2. The substitution leads to a reduction in hole concentration and improves the thermal stability of the samples. Additionally, the introduction of point defects and second phase enhances phonon scattering and reduces thermal conductivity, resulting in improved thermoelectric properties. The findings demonstrate that synergistic improvements in thermal stability and thermoelectric performance can be achieved through chemical bonding strengthening and grain boundary engineering, which can be applied to other fast-ionic conductor thermoelectric materials.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Xueshan Fu, Seoung Dal Jung
Summary: In this paper, we study (F, F')(p)-harmonic maps between foliated Riemannian manifolds (M, g, F) and (M', g', F'). Trivially, (F, F')(2)-harmonic map is (F, F')-harmonic map, which is a critical point of the transversal energy functional E-B. There is another definition of a harmonic map on foliated Riemannian manifolds, called transversally harmonic map, which is a solution of the Euler-Largrange equation tau(b)(phi) = 0. Two definitions are not equivalent, but if F is minimal, then two definitons are equivalent. Firstly, we give the first and second variational formulas for (F, F')(p)-harmonic maps. Next, we investigate the generalized Weitzenbock type formula and the Liouville type theorem for (F, F')(p)-harmonic map.
RESULTS IN MATHEMATICS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Tridib Ganguly, Alexandra M. Peterson, Marissa Burkholder, Jessica K. Kajfasz, Jacqueline Abranches, Jose A. Lemos
Summary: Zinc is widely used in oral healthcare, but the mechanism by which S. mutans overcomes zinc toxicity remains largely unknown. This study discovered that S. mutans has a higher tolerance to high zinc stress compared to other streptococci, and identified potential strategies used by S. mutans to overcome zinc toxicity. The study also revealed a previously uncharacterized P-type ATPase transporter and transcriptional regulator as responsible for the high zinc tolerance of S. mutans.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Marina A. Medvedeva, T. E. Simos, Ch. Tsitouras
Summary: We explore a family of half-implicit Numerov-type methods for solving numerical problems, which achieve sixth algebraic orders and require four function evaluations per step. By reducing the number of stages, we develop a specific method and conduct numerical tests on stiff periodic problems to demonstrate its efficiency.
MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Soni Prayogi, Yoyok Kresna, Yoyok Cahyono, Darminto
Summary: Silicon nanowires are used to improve the performance of solar cell devices, offering increased broadband optical absorption and reduced carrier collection distance. These nanowires can be grown in a disordered array using a low-cost method and are compatible with large areas. Experimental results show that reactive Hydrogen ions can be doped to construct nanowire architectures in amorphous silicon solar cells, resulting in an increase in efficiency from 1.11% to 1.57%.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bangsen Ouyang, Wenke He, Liyun Wu, Li-Dong Zhao, Ya Yang
Summary: Thermoelectric and photoelectric effects are introduced into a single device to enhance efficiency, leveraging a p-type multifunctional material to fabricate a self-powered photodetector with exceptional performance and coupling enhancement effects.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Z. L. Wang, S. W. Fan
Summary: The study reveals that BeS is a transparent semiconductor with a visible light transmittance of up to 80%. Through atomic doping, N, Li, and Na can form shallow acceptor defects, providing new opportunities for transparent electronics and optoelectronic applications.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Ghassen Charrad, Justine Harmel, Romain Berthelot, Pierre-Louis Taberna, Patrice Simon, Patrick Rozier
Summary: Layered oxides with the composition NaxMO2 have attracted attention for their composition diversity and promising electrochemical performances in sodium-ion batteries. This study attempts to synthesize sodium-rich P-type NaxMn2/3Ni1/3O2 and NaxMn1/2Ni1/2O2 and investigates their electrochemical behavior. The optimization of the synthesis protocol led to stabilize only P3-type single-phases. The investigation shows that the actual Na content is limited but still higher than conventionally reported for most of P3-type layered oxides.
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mehrdad Asadian, Mojtaba Saadati, Fariba Bagheri Bajestani, John Beardall, Fateme Abdolahadi, Nafiseh Mahdinezhad
Summary: This study knocked out the Cia5 gene in algae using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and investigated its impact on the CO2 sequestration ability of C. reinhardtii. The results showed that the mutant species had lower CO2 removal efficiency compared to the control species.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Peng Jin, Yan Ji, Quanting Huang, Peiyuan Li, Jinmei Pan, Hua Lu, Zhe Liang, Yingyan Guo, Jiahui Zhong, John Beardall, Jianrong Xia
Summary: This study examined the long-term adaptive responses of phytoplankton to high CO2 conditions and found that it leads to a decrease in photosynthesis and respiration. The results also indicate that metabolism reduction plays an important role in the adaptive mechanisms of phytoplankton to climate change.
Article
Plant Sciences
Stuart H. Larsen, Sven Ihnken, John Beardall
Summary: The use of culture media and sterile technique in laboratories can lead to elevated levels of CO2 in the atmosphere, affecting the acidity of the media and potentially impacting long-term culture maintenance and physiological studies. Ways to mitigate this effect are discussed.
Article
Engineering, Marine
John A. Raven, John Beardall
Summary: Defining the physiological traits of phytoplankton requires comparison with benthic organisms and further investigation on survival under natural conditions. Both phytoplankton and benthic microalgae share similar photosynthetic pigments and mixotrophic capabilities, but their responses to light variations and inorganic nutrient supplies need more research.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jia-Zhen Sun, Tifeng Wang, Ruiping Huang, Xiangqi Yi, Di Zhang, John Beardall, David A. Hutchins, Xin Liu, Xuyang Wang, Zichao Deng, Gang Li, Guang Gao, Kunshan Gao
Summary: Sun et al. investigate the effects of current and potential future oxygen levels on phytoplankton growth and photosynthesis. Their results demonstrate positive effects of low oxygen on phytoplankton growth, photosynthesis, and inorganic carbon acquisition.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Guang Gao, John Beardall, Peng Jin, Lin Gao, Shuyu Xie, Kunshan Gao
Summary: This paper reviews the changes in carbon capture and sequestration of marine primary producers and assesses the potential of different marine primary producers in carbon neutrality and climate change mitigation. Blue carbon plants are limited by available areas, while enhancing the carbon sequestration efficiency of microalgae is complex and uncertain. On the other hand, offshore cultivation of macroalgae has substantial potential due to higher carbon sequestration capacity and available areas.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Pranali Deore, Christopher K. Barlow, Ralf B. Schittenhelm, John Beardall, Santosh Noronha
Summary: This study used an untargeted approach to profile the temporal dynamics of Dunaliella tertiolecta-specific exo-metabolites under grazing pressure. The study identified potential markers of grazing-mediated stress and outlined a clear methodology for screening exo-metabolites in marine algal samples.
JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Peng Jin, Jiaofeng Wan, Yunyue Zhou, Kunshan Gao, John Beardall, Jiamin Lin, Jiali Huang, Yucong Lu, Shiman Liang, Kaiqiang Wang, Zengling Ma, Jianrong Xia
Summary: This study investigates the adaptation of a model marine diatom to high CO2 and warming. Through integrating genomics, transcriptomics, and physiological data, the researchers found that under the combination of high CO2 and warming, the loss of genetic diversity in the population was smaller, indicating that the evolution driven by warming was constrained by high CO2. The study also reveals the role of gene expression involved in key metabolic pathways or biological processes in this constraint.
Article
Plant Sciences
Stuart H. Larsen, John Beardall
Summary: The presence of a carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) in phytoplankton affects their response to changes in dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations in the ocean. Previous studies suggested that the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi did not possess a CCM, but recent research indicates otherwise. This study shows that another coccolithophore species, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, also has a functioning CCM, suggesting that increased CO2 concentrations may not lead to enhanced growth rates. Careful adjustments in centrifugation speeds are necessary when working with Gephyrocapsa oceanica due to the larger size of its liths compared to Emiliania huxleyi.
Article
Microbiology
Dong Xu, Shujie Huang, Xiao Fan, Xiaowen Zhang, Yitao Wang, Wei Wang, John Beardall, Georgina Brennan, Naihao Ye
Summary: Projected ocean acidification (OA) alters seawater chemistry and bio-toxicity of metal ions, but its effect on marine microalgae resilience to metal stress is unclear. This study examines the impact of OA on copper metabolism in Thalassiosira pseudonana. Results show that increased pCO(2) promotes growth and photosynthesis, but decreases copper accumulation and toxicity. The study also reveals alterations in copper detoxification strategies and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities under elevated CO2. These findings provide insight into the bioremediation capacity of marine primary producers under climate change.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiaofeng Wan, Yunyue Zhou, John Beardall, John A. Raven, Jiamin Lin, Jiali Huang, Yucong Lu, Shiman Liang, Mengcheng Ye, Mengting Xiao, Jingyuan Zhao, Xiaoying Dai, Jianrong Xia, Peng Jin
Summary: DNA methylation and gene transcription cooperate to contribute to the adaptation of microalgae to global changes.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Stuart H. Larsen, John Beardall
Summary: A subtropical clone of Gephyrocapsa oceanica was tested for its response to temperature and salinity. It was found that DMSP content in the cells increased with salinity and decreased with temperature. Furthermore, net DMSP production rate depended on cell size and growth rate, with the highest production rate observed below the optimum growth temperature. These findings suggest a complex relationship between temperature and DMSP production.
Article
Environmental Sciences
He Li, John Beardall, Kunshan Gao
Summary: The marine picocyanobacterium Synechococcus plays a significant role in primary production in the global oceans. However, its responses to changing pCO(2) and light levels have been poorly studied. This research found that the growth of Synechococcus strain CB0101 is strongly influenced by light intensity, with peak growth at 250 μmol m(-2) s(-1). Elevated pCO(2) inhibits cell growth at high light intensities and decreases photosynthetic carbon fixation rates. It also significantly reduces particulate organic carbon and nitrogen, particularly under low light. These findings suggest that future ocean acidification may affect the growth and competitiveness of Synechococcus in surface waters.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Finnley W. R. Ross, Philip W. Boyd, Karen Filbee-Dexter, Kenta Watanabe, Alejandra Ortega, Dorte Krause-Jensen, Catherine Lovelock, Calvyn F. A. Sondak, Lennart T. Bach, Carlos M. Duarte, Oscar Serrano, John Beardall, Patrick Tarbuck, Peter I. Macreadie
Summary: Seaweed has the potential to mitigate climate change, but there are uncertainties surrounding its impact and the need for accurate carbon accounting. Four potential ways to enhance seaweed's contribution to climate change mitigation are: protecting and restoring wild seaweed forests, expanding sustainable nearshore seaweed aquaculture, offsetting industrial CO2 emissions using seaweed products, and sinking seaweed into the deep sea. Despite these opportunities, verified carbon accounting and sustainability thresholds are needed before large-scale investment.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cong Zhou, Di Zhang, Xiangqi Yi, John Beardall, Kunshan Gao
Summary: Ocean warming has significant effects on the physiology and growth of Emiliania huxleyi, a non-calcifying strain of coccolithophore. Short-term and long-term thermal treatments showed that increasing temperatures enhanced the growth of this species, but did not result in persistent adaptive changes in its growth characteristics and cellular components.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)