Article
Optics
Yi Qi, Genyu Chen, Dezheng Liu
Summary: This study aims to prevent droplet spatter in laser welding of galvanized sheets. Through the analysis of a three-dimensional welding simulation model, the relationship between keyhole oscillation and flow behavior is revealed. It is found that the major reason for droplet spatter is the impact force of the reflux and eddy of the metal pool toward the keyhole. However, using a certain output proportion of coaxial annular and Gaussian laser source can significantly improve the problem.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shumpei Fujio, Keisuke Takenaka, Yuji Sato, Rika Ito, Eiji Hori, Masahiro Tsukamoto
Summary: A hybrid laser system combining a blue laser and an infrared laser was used to weld pure copper wire. The study found that increasing the intensity of the blue laser can improve the welding efficiency of pure copper wire, leading to higher production efficiency in pure copper welding.
JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lu Li, Yafeng Huang, Yiqiang Fan
Summary: This study proposes a low-cost PMMA-based microfluidic chip bonding method using blue diode laser transmission welding. Compared with traditional bonding methods, this method achieves higher bonding strength without contaminating the microchannel.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Hao Cheng, Li Kang, Chao Wang, Qijun Li, Baohua Chang, Dong Du
Summary: This study observed the dynamic behavior of the backside of a molten pool during the full-penetration laser welding of Inconel 617 superalloy and investigated the influence of welding parameters on this behavior. The relationship between the keyhole penetration status and the formation of defects was examined. It was found that controlling the proportion of keyhole penetration time within a moderate range helps to inhibit the formation of processing defects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Xingkong Tao, Xianli Ba, Guomin Xu, Liming Liu
Summary: Low power pulsed laser-induced MAG hybrid overhead welding is an effective method for joining medium or thick pipe diameter steel. This paper focuses on the effect of pulsed laser configuration on the welding process and joint formation. By recording the welding process and analyzing the dynamic behaviors of keyhole and molten pool, it was found that a stable arc characteristic and smooth molten pool flow were formed under the laser power of 400 W. The optimal welding seam was obtained in this laser power, without undercut and splash.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Shuai Li, Bi Zhang, Qinghong Jiang, Huili Han, Jiale Wen, Cong Zhou
Summary: This paper investigates the characteristics of SLMed nickel-based wheel segments and the mechanism of porosity formation in the SLM process. The observation and analysis reveal that the balling phenomenon of Ni-Cr alloys leads to rough surfaces and porosities. Two types of diamond spatters are considered the main cause of the balling phenomenon.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Keisuke Takenaka, Yuji Sato, Shumpei Fujio, Keisuke Nishida, Rika Ito, Eiji Hori, Susumu Kato, Masaya Suwa, Shingo Uno, Koji Tojo, Masahiro Tsukamoto
Summary: The authors developed a 1.5-kW blue diode laser system and observed the keyhole-mode welding behavior during bead-on-plate welding of a pure copper plate. Blue laser, with higher absorption rate than near-infrared light, is advantageous for pure copper welding. The study achieved spatter-free keyhole-mode welding with a blue diode laser at specific output power and scanning speed.
WELDING IN THE WORLD
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zixuan Wan, Hui-Ping Wang, Jingjing Li, Joshua Solomon, Yuanjing Zhu, Blair Carlson
Summary: This study investigated the remote laser stitch welding of thin-gage zinc-coated steel sheets in lap joint condition and proposed measures to predict spatter occurrence. A thermo-fluid numerical model was developed to study the physics of the welding process and calculate the parameters affecting spatter generation. The effects of welding parameters on spatter occurrence were numerically studied and found to be directly influenced by laser linear energy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hao Cheng, Liangang Zhou, Qijun Li, Dong Du, Baohua Chang
Summary: The process parameters have significant effects on spatter formation during laser welding, with low power and speed resulting in small and fast-moving spatter, while high power and speed leading to large and slow-moving spatter.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Lidong Xu, Xinhua Tang, Siyuan Han, Ruolin Zhang, Chendong Shao, Haichao Cui
Summary: The dynamic behavior of the molten pool in full penetration laser welding with or without backing gas for aluminum alloy was observed. It was found that the use of backing gas can greatly improve the formation of a root hump. A numerical model was developed to explain this phenomenon by considering the metallic vapor ejection process. The model showed that the flow pattern of the melt in the molten pool was deeply affected by the vapor ejection pattern, and the surface tension played an important role in improving the root hump formation.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shumpei Fujio, Yuji Sato, Keisuke Takenaka, Rika Ito, Masatoshi Ito, Masayuki Harada, Takashi Nishikawa, Tetsuo Suga, Masahiro Tsukamoto
Summary: By combining a blue diode laser and a single-mode fiber laser into a hybrid system, highly efficient welding of pure copper for electric vehicles was achieved with increased molten volume and welding efficiency compared to using the fiber laser alone.
JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Stephanie M. Robertson, Alexander F. H. Kaplan, Jan Frostevarg
Summary: Material loss during keyhole mode laser welding can lead to surface imperfections which impact component performance negatively. High-speed imaging has identified four types of material ejection attempts: classical spatter, re-captured spatter, protuberances, and scalloping. The dynamics of the keyhole and melt pool play a key role in determining the success of ejection attempts, with the potential to cause further disturbances in the melt body.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
I. Bitharas, N. Parab, C. Zhao, T. Sun, A. D. Rollett, A. J. Moore
Summary: In this study, the authors directly investigated the impact of laser-material interaction on laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process using simultaneous in-situ synchrotron x-ray and schlieren imaging. By quantifying the morphological changes during the process, the instability of the process was revealed, and the effect of the powder layer on process stability was explored. These findings contribute to the design of process windows at higher power and speed, and provide a potential method for monitoring process stability.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Yanqiu Zhao, Xiang Li, Zhiqiang Liu, Jianfeng Wang, Yue Li, Xiaohong Zhan
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of different laser energy on the molten pool and keyhole during fiber-diode laser hybrid welding, and reveals the relationship between the dynamic characteristics of the molten pool and the keyhole. It demonstrates that fiber-diode hybrid welding can improve welding stability and quality.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nannan Chen, Zixuan Wan, Hui-Ping Wang, Jingjing Li, Baixuan Yang, Joshua Solomon, Blair Carlson
Summary: This study aimed to reduce pore generation in laser welding of selective laser melted AlSi10Mg by introducing high pressure. The impact of laser welding parameters and ambient pressure on porosity and weld geometry was investigated. The results showed that porosity ratio increased linearly with laser power or linear energy. The vacuum ambiance enlarged the pores and formed narrow and deep welds. As pressure increased, the porosity ratio decreased significantly, accompanied by a decrease in porosity size and weld penetration depth.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)