Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Violeta Caballero-Lopez, Max Lundberg, Kristaps Sokolovskis, Staffan Bensch
Summary: The genetic basis of bird migration, particularly in two subspecies of willow warblers, shows minor differences clustering on chromosomes, with a biallelic marker known as WW2 demonstrating a steep cline across migratory divides. This marker consists of two variants originating from an ancient retrovirus infection. Further research is required to investigate the potential interaction of this marker with genetic elements controlling migration direction.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Maria V. V. Matantseva, Sergey A. A. Simonov
Summary: This study investigated the three-dimensional utilization of space and territory advertisement behavior in Arctic forests. The results showed that expanding territory analysis into three dimensions could provide a more accurate estimation of territory overlap compared to two-dimensional methods, and the study also revealed the avoidance behavior of birds in overlapping territories.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Magdalena Remisiewicz, Les G. Underhill
Summary: This study found that the timing of Willow Warblers' spring passage is influenced by both European and African climate indices. The migration timing in different periods of spring is influenced by climate indices in different parts of the winter range. The study recommends using this method to study the phenological responses of birds to climate change.
Article
Biology
M. Matantseva, S. A. Simonov, N. Lapshin
Summary: The study presents findings of conspecific brood parasitism in willow warblers breeding in western Russia, where 2 chicks were found to be unrelated to their social parents. The study concludes that genetic methods provide the most reliable evidence for confirming conspecific brood parasitism, compared to other factors such as brood size or egg characteristics.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Xinchen Lu, Trevor F. Keenan
Summary: The length of the growing season affects the carbon, water, and energy fluxes of terrestrial ecosystems. The start of the growing season has been found to be advanced due to elevated spring temperatures, but the mechanisms controlling the end of the growing season are less understood. Recent studies suggest a link between growing season photosynthesis and the timing of end of season senescence, but this relationship has not been extensively tested in different ecosystems.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Claudia Hahn, Andreas Luscher, Sara Ernst-Hasler, Matthias Suter, Ansgar Kahmen
Summary: The study found that the resistance and recovery of grasses to drought vary throughout the growing season, with the highest resistance in spring when plants are in their reproductive stage. Post-drought growth rates of grasslands outperformed control growth rates, leading to relatively small overall drought-induced losses in annual biomass production. Overall, temperate grasses show a high recovery potential to drought and are able to compensate for immediate drought effects on total annual biomass production.
Review
Fisheries
M. D. Tillotson, M. C. Arostegui, C. S. Austin, A. E. Lincoln, W. Matsubu, K. N. McElroy, T. P. Quinn
Summary: Migration timing in animals can evolve to match seasonal changes in abiotic conditions and resource pulses, but shifts due to climate change may disrupt this synchronization. Climate change can influence migration timing through various pathways, while factors unrelated to climate like anthropogenic modifications, demographic effects, and fisheries can also impact phenology. This makes it challenging to determine the causal basis of observed patterns, requiring rigorous testing of mechanistic hypotheses and systematic ruling out of alternative causes. Salmon exemplify the complexities of migration timing changes, from climate shifts to anthropogenic influences.
REVIEWS IN FISHERIES SCIENCE & AQUACULTURE
(2021)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Joshua J. Baugh, Derek L. Monette, James K. Takayesu, Ali S. Raja, Brian J. Yun
Summary: Academic emergency physicians spend approximately 25% of their time engaging in teaching activities during clinical shifts, primarily through implicit means such as case discussions. There are different teaching archetypes among attending physicians in terms of coupling patient care and teaching, which can impact educational and patient care outcomes.
WESTERN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Sophie Bennett, Mike P. Harris, Sarah Wanless, Jonathan A. Green, Mark A. Newell, Kate R. Searle, Francis Daunt
Summary: Competition for high-quality breeding sites is intense in colonial species. This study found that occupancy of breeding sites during the non-breeding season is related to site quality, breeding timing, and breeding success. Sites with longer and more frequent occupancy tend to have earlier breeding timing and higher breeding success rates.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Michael E. Van Nuland, Ian M. Ware, Chris W. Schadt, Zamin Yang, Joseph K. Bailey, Jennifer A. Schweitzer
Summary: The potential impact of natural soil microbial communities on plant phenology and growth, especially in different plant populations, is an important aspect of climate change research. Transferring plant genotypes to different elevation soil communities can alter foliar phenology and growing season length, affecting annual biomass production.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Michael Huesemann, Song Gao, Scott Edmundson, Lieve M. L. Laurens, Stefanie Van Wychen, Nathan Beirne, Andrew Gutknecht, Robert Kruk, Kyle Pittman, Matthias Greer, Steffen Graham, Trenton Mueller
Summary: Assessing the seasonal biomass productivity and compositional shift dynamics is crucial for selecting algae strains for outdoor pond cultivation. The top 21 strains were tested under simulated winter and summer conditions, and their biomass productivity and compositional changes were measured. The strains showed different productivity levels and compositional shifts in response to nutrient depletion, with some strains doubling their carbohydrate content and others increasing their lipid content by over 50%.
ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Ornithology
Erik D. Prytula, Matthew W. Reudink, Stefanie E. Lazerte, Jared Sonnleitner, Ann E. Mckellar
Summary: Climate change has caused changes in ecosystems and weather, impacting the migration and breeding patterns of North American swift species. Vaux's Swifts and Chimney Swifts have shifted their breeding distributions and migration routes, with changes in the timing and speed of their migrations. These responses may be attributed to the earlier onset of spring and delayed colder temperatures in the fall. The results highlight the phenotypic plasticity of swifts in response to changing environmental conditions.
JOURNAL OF FIELD ORNITHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ornithology
Chima J. Nwaogu, Will Cresswell
Summary: Research on Common Bulbuls in central Nigeria shows that moult is more sensitive to rainfall than breeding, with moult starting later than the onset of the rains on average. The study also indicates that the onset of moult is timed to the wet season in each locality, despite weak breeding seasonality in Common Bulbuls. This adaptive strategy may evolve to maintain optimal annual cycle routine in seasonal environments where breeding is prone to unpredictable local perturbations.
JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Reid R. Redden, Tammi L. Neville, Danielle N. Black, Mellissa R. Crosswhite, Crosswhite Carl R. Dahlen
Summary: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of exogenous progesterone and exogenous gonadotropins in inducing estrus and enhancing fertility in out-of-season breeding ewes. The study found that the use of controlled internal drug releasing devices (CIDR) and P.G. 600 significantly increased the proportion of ewes lambing and the lambing rate. Timing of P.G. 600 did not affect the results, but the combination of CIDR and P.G. 600 enhanced the proportion of lambs born earlier in the lambing season.
TRANSLATIONAL ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Robert A. Robinson, Christoph M. Meier, Willem Witvliet, Marc Kery, Michael Schaub
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
B. Lawson, R. A. Robinson, M. Parmar, R. Killick, A. A. Cunningham, S. J. MacDonald
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Ornithology
Robert A. Robinson, Mark Wilson
Summary: Peregrine Falcons are an iconic species with historical patterns of persecution and population declines. Research shows that adult survival probabilities in Britain have remained stable since the mid-1970s, while survival of first-year birds appears to have decreased. The study highlights the need for better data on immature survival and recruitment to understand and further limit the increases in the breeding population.
Article
Biology
Catriona A. Morrison, Simon J. Butler, Robert A. Robinson, Jacquie A. Clark, Juan Arizaga, Ainars Aunins, Oriol Balta, Jaroslav Cepak, Tomasz Chodkiewicz, Virginia Escandell, Ruud P. B. Foppen, Richard D. Gregory, Magne Husby, Frederic Jiguet, John Atle Kalas, Aleksi Lehikoinen, Ake Lindstrom, Charlotte M. Moshoj, Karoly Nagy, Arantza Leal Nebot, Markus Piha, Jiri Reif, Thomas Sattler, Jana Skorpilova, Tibor Szep, Norbert Teufelbauer, Kasper Thorup, Chris van Turnhout, Thomas Wenninger, Jennifer A. Gill
Summary: Conservation policies for declining wildlife species are challenging due to multiple environmental changes impacting population declines. Targeted actions to improve local productivity within Europe, combined with large-scale environmental protection across non-breeding ranges, could help halt migrant landbird declines. Such demographic approaches are increasingly necessary to address global wildlife declines.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Aonghais S. C. P. Cook, Niall H. K. Burton, Stephen G. Dodd, Simon Foster, Robert J. Pell, Robin M. Ward, Lucy J. Wright, Robert A. Robinson
Summary: This study analyzed the survival rates of Eurasian curlew populations breeding and/or wintering in the United Kingdom, finding that cold weather and high density reduce curlew survival rates, but overall survival rates are high and have increased in recent years. Current population declines are likely driven by low productivity, emphasizing the need to increase breeding success and maintain high levels of survival through effective conservation strategies.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Ornithology
Jenny L. Donelan, Catriona A. Morrison, Iain R. Barr, Jennifer A. Gill
Summary: The study found that although early arrival of male Chiffchaffs does not result in earlier nesting, the later arrival of Willow Warblers may reduce the opportunities for replacement clutches.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. A. Morrison, A. Aunins, Z. Benko, L. Brotons, T. Chodkiewicz, P. Chylarecki, V Escandell, D. P. Eskildsen, A. Gamero, S. Herrando, F. Jiguet, J. A. Kalas, J. Kamp, A. Klvanova, P. Kmecl, A. Lehikoinen, A. Lindstroem, C. Moshoj, D. G. Noble, I. J. Oien, J-Y Paquet, J. Reif, T. Sattler, B. S. Seaman, N. Teufelbauer, S. Trautmann, C. A. M. van Turnhout, P. Vorisek, S. J. Butler
Summary: Studies show that bird song landscapes in North America and Europe are becoming quieter and less varied, reflecting declines in bird diversity and abundance. The changes in soundscapes may have widespread implications for the connection between humans and nature, potentially affecting human health and well-being.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Catriona A. Morrison, Simon J. Butler, Jacquie A. Clark, Juan Arizaga, Oriol Balta, Jaroslav Cepak, Arantza Leal Nebot, Markus Piha, Kasper Thorup, Thomas Wenninger, Robert A. Robinson, Jennifer A. Gill
Summary: The variation in demographic rates across space and time can inform conservation policy and guide targeted actions to improve population dynamics. Understanding the specific conditions associated with low demographic rates is crucial for effective conservation strategies.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ornithology
Tom Finch, James R. R. Bell, Robert A. A. Robinson, Will J. J. Peach
Summary: The study aims to improve understanding of the drivers of Common Swift decline in Great Britain, finding that weather plays a significant role in their demographic variation, while aphid biomass is not a key factor.
Article
Ecology
Chloe R. Nater, Malcolm D. D. Burgess, Peter Coffey, Bob Harris, Frank Lander, David Price, Mike Reed, Robert A. A. Robinson
Summary: This study examines the population decline of migratory pied flycatchers breeding in Britain. By using a generalized modelling framework and long-term monitoring data, the study identifies the demographic and environmental drivers of the decline. The results suggest that both short- and long-term population changes are primarily influenced by factors during migration and in nonbreeding areas.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Guillermo Fandos, Matthew Talluto, Wolfgang Fiedler, Robert A. A. Robinson, Kasper Thorup, Damaris Zurell
Summary: Dispersal is a crucial life-history trait for species to ensure connectivity and gene flow between populations. This study introduces a statistical framework for estimating standardized dispersal kernels and compares empirical dispersal kernels for European breeding birds across different age and sex categories.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
A. E. Barnes, J. G. Davies, B. Martay, P. H. Boersch-Supan, S. J. Harris, D. G. Noble, J. W. Pearce-Higgins, R. A. Robinson
Summary: Recent commitments to increase protected areas to combat biodiversity crisis have been questioned due to mixed and rarely evaluated evidence. This study used citizen science data in the UK to assess the effectiveness of designated areas on avifauna. The findings suggest that these areas have positive associations with species occurrence, abundance, and change, with the greatest benefits seen in conservation-dependent and declining species.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
N. J. O'Hanlon, D. T. Johnston, A. S. C. P. Cook, R. A. Robinson, E. M. Humphreys
Summary: This article discusses the pressures faced by species in marine environments and the challenges in seabird conservation. Using the Black-legged Kittiwake as a case study, it highlights knowledge gaps in population studies and the impact of key stressors. A strategic approach is proposed to identify and prioritize data collection and research efforts in species and regions with limited data.
OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)