Article
Immunology
Minji Jeon, Kyungmin Huh, Jae-Hoon Ko, Sun Young Cho, Hee Jae Huh, Nam Yong Lee, Cheol-In Kang, Doo Ryeon Chung, Kyong Ran Peck
Summary: This study compared the clinical outcomes of patients with Klebsiella aerogenes bacteremia and Enterobacter cloacae complex bacteremia, finding that mortality was significantly higher in patients with ECB. The study identified ECB and KAB as independent risk factors for 30-day mortality.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Andrew Bock, Blake M. Hanson, Felicia Ruffin, Joshua B. Parsons, Lawrence P. Park, Batu Sharma-Kuinkel, Michael Mohnasky, Cesar A. Arias, Vance G. Fowler, Joshua T. Thaden
Summary: Recurrent gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections (GNB-BSI) are mainly caused by relapse, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis accurately differentiates relapse from reinfection. Having a cardiac device is a risk factor for relapse.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jessica Waters, Andrew F. F. Shorr
Summary: Newer antibiotics have been developed and proven effective in treating various types of multidrug-resistant infections, but there is limited information on their efficacy specifically for bloodstream infections.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Brian Lu, Miranda Wong, David Ha, Mark Bounthavong, Niaz Banaei, Stanley Deresinski, Calvin Diep
Summary: In immunocompromised patients with bacteraemia due to cefoxitin-non-susceptible Enterobacterales, treatment with piperacillin/tazobactam was associated with an increased risk of microbiological failure and higher odds of clinical or microbiological failure compared with cefepime or carbapenems.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rocio Alvarez-Marin, Jose Antonio Lepe, Oriol Gasch-Blasi, Jose Manuel Rodriguez-Martinez, Jorge Calvo-Montes, Rosario Lara-Contreras, Cecilia Martin-Gandul, Fe Tubau-Quintano, Maria Eliecer Cano-Garcia, Fernando Rodriguez-Lopez, Jesus Rodriguez-Bano, Miquel Pujol-Rojo, Julian Torre-Cisneros, Luis Martinez-Martinez, Alvaro Pascual-Hernandez, Manuel E. Jimenez-Mejias
Summary: Patients with bacteremia caused by Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella aerogenes share similar clinical profiles, presentation, and prognosis, with the former having more comorbidities and the latter showing higher previous antibiotic therapy rates.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jari Intra, Davide Carcione, Roberta Maria Sala, Claudia Siracusa, Paolo Brambilla, Valerio Leoni
Summary: A retrospective analysis of antimicrobial data from Enterobacter spp. strains isolated over 20 years (2000-2019) revealed a significant decrease in the use of aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones, but no significant changes in other antimicrobial agents. There was, however, a significant increase in resistance to fosfomycin, possibly due to uncontrolled and improper usage.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kevin B. Laupland, Felicity Edwards, Patrick N. A. Harris, David L. Paterson
Summary: This study aimed to compare the incidence, determinants, and outcomes of K. aerogenes and E. cloacae bloodstream infections. The results showed differences in incidence rates but similar clinical outcomes between the two infections.
Article
Microbiology
Mark T. Anderson, Aric N. Brown, Ali Pirani, Sara N. Smith, Amanda L. Photenhauer, Yuang Sun, Evan S. Snitkin, Michael A. Bachman, Harry L. T. Mobley
Summary: Bloodstream infections, caused by Gram-negative species, are a significant public health burden due to high mortality rates and treatment costs. A study characterizing infection kinetics and bacterial replication rates of six common pathogens in a murine model revealed different colonization abilities in major organs. While some species replicated rapidly in the liver or kidney, others were steadily cleared from targeted organs during infection, highlighting the complex dynamics of bacterial replication and immune-mediated clearance. Insights from this study may aid in developing strategies to combat bloodstream infections in the future.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Matus Stefanek, Sigurd Wenner, Vitor Borges, Miguel Pinto, Joao Paulo Gomes, Joao Rodrigues, Isabel Faria, Maria Ana Pessanha, Filomena Martins, Raquel Sabino, Cristina Verissimo, Isabel D. Nogueira, Patricia Almeida Carvalho, Helena Bujdakova, Luisa Jordao
Summary: This study evaluated the biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance of Enterobacter cloacae complex and Candida parapsilosis co-isolated from a catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) patient. The bacteria showed multidrug resistance, including resistance to colistin and beta-lactams. The Candida parapsilosis exhibited resistance to fluconazole. The nature of biofilms varied depending on the material and the pathogens involved, and the distribution of microorganisms differed on the inner and outer surface of the central venous catheter.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Delphine Girlich, Souad Ouzani, Cecile Emeraud, Lauraine Gauthier, Remy A. Bonnin, N. Le Sache, Mostafa Mokhtari, Isabelle Langlois, Christine Begasse, Nicolas Arangia, Sandra Fournier, Nicolas Fortineau, Thierry Naas, Laurent Dortet, L. Gauthier PharmD, N. Fortineau, T. Naas, N. Le Sache, C. Emeraud, Laurent Dortet
Summary: This study analyzed the transmission routes of Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates in a neonatal intensive care unit using whole genome sequencing, revealing the impact of E cloacae on fatal septic shocks in neonates and the role of incubators as long-term reservoirs and sources of cross contamination.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yong Chan Kim, Heun Choi, Young Ah Kim, Yoon Soo Park, Young Hee Seo, Hyukmin Lee, Kyungwon Lee
Summary: Understanding the risk factors and microbiological features in recurrent E. coli BSI can aid clinicians in their management planning. Data from 2017 to 2018 were collected to assess antimicrobial resistance rates and molecular epidemiology. Risk factors for recurrence included vascular catheterization, ESBL phenotype, and high SOFA score. The highest proportion of ST131 and ESBL genotype was observed in early onset recurrent BSI. Whole genome sequencing revealed the presence of various virulence factors, resistant genes, and plasmid types in all types of BSI. This knowledge is important for clinicians in managing recurrent E. coli BSI.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Fan Zhang, Hao Wang, Liyu Liu, Teng Su, Bing Ji
Summary: A machine learning model was developed in this study to predict gram-positive and gram-negative bacteremia based on routine laboratory parameters.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Georgi Merhi, Sara Amayri, Ibrahim Bitar, George F. Araj, Sima Tokajian
Summary: This study aimed to characterize multidrug resistant Enterobacter spp. and K. aerogenes isolates recovered from hospitalized patients in Lebanon. The isolates exhibited various resistance mechanisms and plasmid profiles. Multilocus sequence typing revealed the diversity within the isolates. Screening and continuous monitoring can effectively limit the dissemination of drug-resistant isolates in hospitalized patients.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yang Ji, Peihong Wang, Tingting Xu, Yanzi Zhou, Rongchang Chen, Huaiqiu Zhu, Kai Zhou
Summary: A study aimed to develop a method to distinguish four epidemiologically prevalent species of Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) with clinical significance has successfully achieved a high specificity and sensitivity in species-specific PCR, especially for E. cloacae. The established multiplex PCR provides an accurate, expeditious, and cost-effective way for routine diagnosis and molecular surveillance of ECC strains at species level.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agata Wozniak, Natalia Burzynska, Izabela Zybala, Joanna Empel, Mariusz Grinholc
Summary: This study investigates the use of antimicrobial blue light and antimicrobial photoinactivation to modulate the susceptibility of drug-resistant bacteria to antibiotics. The results suggest that this photodynamic priming tool can increase the susceptibility of certain bacteria to specific antibiotics. However, the effectiveness of the technique is strain-dependent and varies depending on the specific combination of bacteria and antibiotics.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Matthew R. Sinclair, Maria Souli, Felicia Ruffin, Lawrence P. Park, Michael Dagher, Emily M. Eichenberger, Stacey A. Maskarinec, Joshua T. Thaden, Michael Mohnasky, Christina M. Wyatt, Vance G. Fowler
Summary: This study evaluated the changes in clinical and bacterial characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and found that SAB-attributable mortality and morbidity have increased, despite a decline in catheter-related infections.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Emily M. Eichenberger, Christiaan R. de Vries, Felicia Ruffin, Batu Sharma-Kuinkel, Lawrence Park, David Hong, Erick R. Scott, Lily Blair, Nicholas Degner, Desiree Hollemon, Timothy A. Blauwkamp, Carine Ho, Hon Seng, Pratik Shah, Lisa Wanda, Vance G. Fowler, Asim A. Ahmed
Summary: In patients with bacteremia, microbial cell-free DNA can be detected for a longer period of time compared to conventional blood cultures, and the duration of detection is associated with an increased risk of metastatic infection.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Heather A. King, Sarah B. Doernberg, Kiran Grover, Julie Miller, Megan Oakes, Tsai-Wei Wang, Molly McFatrich, Felicia Ruffin, Karen Staman, Hannah G. Lane, Abigail Rader, Zoe Sund, Hayden B. Bosworth, Bryce B. Reeve, Vance G. Fowler, Thomas L. Holland
Summary: Using cognitive interviews with bloodstream infection patients, we developed a survey that accurately captures the most important aspects of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) during recovery. This survey, tailored specifically to bloodstream infections, is valuable for assessing meaningful HRQoL outcomes in clinical trials and patient care.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joao B. Xavier, Jonathan M. Monk, Saugat Poudel, Charles J. Norsigian, Anand Sastry, Chen Liao, Jose Bento, Marc A. Suchard, Mario L. Arrieta-Ortiz, Eliza J. R. Peterson, Nitin S. Baliga, Thomas Stoeger, Felicia Ruffin, Reese A. K. Richardson, Catherine A. Gao, Thomas D. Horvath, Anthony M. Haag, Qinglong Wu, Tor Savidge, Michael R. Yeaman
Summary: Mathematical models are widely used in the study of infectious diseases to predict outbreaks and design containment strategies. This review explores different models and identifies commonalities among them, aiming to provide essential information for their use and prediction to better combat pathogens and the associated diseases.
Article
Immunology
Emily M. Eichenberger, Nicholas Degner, Erick R. Scott, Felicia Ruffin, John Franzone, Batu Sharma-Kuinkel, Pratik Shah, David Hong, Sudeb C. Dalai, Lily Blair, Desiree Hollemon, Eliza Chang, Carine Ho, Lisa Wanda, Christiaan de Vries, Vance G. Fowler, Asim A. Ahmed
Summary: Microbial cell-free DNA accurately identifies the microbial etiology of infective endocarditis, and sequential mcfDNA levels may help estimate the patient's burden of infection and response to treatment.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Andrew Bock, Blake M. Hanson, Felicia Ruffin, Joshua B. Parsons, Lawrence P. Park, Batu Sharma-Kuinkel, Michael Mohnasky, Cesar A. Arias, Vance G. Fowler, Joshua T. Thaden
Summary: Recurrent gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections (GNB-BSI) are mainly caused by relapse, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis accurately differentiates relapse from reinfection. Having a cardiac device is a risk factor for relapse.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Joshua T. Thaden, Sarah Cantrell, Michael Dagher, Yazhong Tao, Felicia Ruffin, Stacey A. Maskarinec, Stacy Goins, Matthew Sinclair, Joshua B. Parsons, Emily Eichenberger, Vance G. Fowler
Summary: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, obtaining FUBCs in patients with GN-BSI was associated with decreased mortality. Positive FUBCs were associated with increased mortality relative to negative blood cultures.
Article
Immunology
Felicia Ruffin, Michael Dagher, Lawrence P. Park, Lisa Wanda, Jonathan Hill-Rorie, Michael Mohnasky, Julia Marshall, Maria Souli, Paul Lantos, Batu K. Sharma-Kuinkel, Stacey A. Maskarinec, Emily M. Eichenberger, Charles Muiruri, Brittney Broadnax, Vance G. Fowler
Summary: The study found that Black and White patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia had similar outcomes, despite differences in age, diabetes, and hemodialysis dependence. The results highlight the need for further research on the reasons behind the disparities.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Felicia Ruffin, Elizabeth Van Horn, Susan Letvak, Laurie Kennedy-Malone
Summary: We explored patient pre-hospital delays in seeking care for symptoms of bacteremia and sepsis. The main finding revealed that an inability to recognize symptoms of bacteremia resulted in delayed help-seeking, possibly due to patients lacking experience with infection or being unable to differentiate them from symptoms of other chronic co-morbid conditions.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Annette C. Westgeest, Felicia Ruffin, Jackson L. Kair, Lawrence P. Park, Rachel E. Korn, Maren E. Webster, Leo G. Visser, Emile F. Schippers, Mark G. J. de Boer, Merel M. C. Lambregts, Vance G. Fowler Jr
Summary: Although there are significant differences in patient characteristics, disease characteristics, and management between women and men with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia, they have a similar mortality risk.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Amanda Brumwell, Granger Sutton, Paul M. M. Lantos, Kate Hoffman, Felicia Ruffin, Lauren Brinkac, Thomas H. H. Clarke, Mark D. D. Adams, Vance G. G. Fowler Jr, Derrick E. E. Fouts, Joshua T. T. Thaden
Summary: This study aims to further understand the risk factors, clinical outcomes, and bacterial genetics associated with ST131 bloodstream infections. A cohort study was conducted in which 88 out of 227 patients with E. coli bloodstream infection were infected with ST131. There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between patients with ST131 and non-ST131 infections overall, but ST131 was associated with higher mortality in patients with urinary tract infections.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Sarah B. Doernberg, Cesar A. Arias, Deena R. Altman, Ahmed Babiker, Helen W. Boucher, C. Buddy Creech, Sara E. Cosgrove, Scott R. Evans, Vance G. Fowler Jr, Stephanie A. Fritz, Toshimitsu Hamasaki, Brendan J. Kelly, Sixto M. Leal Jr, Catherine Liu, Thomas P. Lodise, Loren G. Miller, Jose M. Munita, Barbara E. Murray, Melinda M. Pettigrew, Felicia Ruffin, Marc H. Scheetz, Bo Shopsin, Truc T. Tran, Nicholas A. Turner, Derek J. Williams, Smitha Zaharoff, Thomas L. Holland
Summary: The Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG) has prioritized gram-positive bacterial infections as one of its scientific priorities. This article summarizes the accomplishments and future directions of ARLG studies on gram-positive infections.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Austin Wesevich, George Mocha, Frank Kiwara, Colin Chao, Idd Shabani, John Z. Igenge, Kristin Schroeder
Summary: This study examines the outcomes and adherence to treatment protocols in pediatric Wilms tumor patients in Tanzania. The research finds that nonadherence to recommended treatment guidelines and delays in the healthcare system are associated with reduced overall survival rates. The study emphasizes the need for interventions to improve protocol compliance and decrease mortality during therapy in low-resource settings.
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Felicia Ruffin, Elizabeth Van Horn, Laurie Kennedy-Malone, Susan Letvak
Summary: This qualitative descriptive study aimed to explore and describe the facilitators and barriers to seeking care for suspected bacteraemia and sepsis symptoms among patients in the United States. The study identified three themes - symptom recognition, psychosocial support, and healthcare planning and coordination. Patients' participation in the study provided valuable insights into patients' perspectives and experiences in the pre-hospital phase, emphasizing the need to improve patient decision time, patient-provider interactions, and knowledge of bacteraemia and sepsis through education.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Xi Chen, Yuan Wang, Antonio Cappuccio, Wan-Sze Cheng, Frederique Ruf Zamojski, Venugopalan D. Nair, Clare M. Miller, Aliza B. Rubenstein, German Nudelman, Alicja Tadych, Chandra L. Theesfeld, Alexandria Vornholt, Mary-Catherine George, Felicia Ruffin, Michael Dagher, Daniel G. Chawla, Alessandra Soares-Schanoski, Rachel R. Spurbeck, Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu, Robert Sebra, Steven H. Kleinstein, Andrew G. Letizia, Irene Ramos, Vance G. Fowler Jr, Christopher W. Woods, Elena Zaslavsky, Olga G. Troyanskaya, Stuart C. Sealfon
Summary: This study presents a method called MAGICAL, which combines single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell chromatin accessibility sequencing to uncover the gene expression changes associated with chromatin remodeling in disease states. By integrating multiomic data and modeling signal variation across cells and conditions, MAGICAL accurately identifies disease-associated regulatory circuits. The method is successfully applied to study Staphylococcus aureus sepsis and distinguish methicillin-resistant from methicillin-susceptible infections.
NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)