Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Miguel Ibanez-Berganza, Carlo Lucibello, Francesca Santucci, Tommaso Gili, Andrea Gabrielli
Summary: This study compares various algorithms for inferring covariance and precision matrices in small datasets of real vectors extracted from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of human brain activity. The optimal rotationally invariant estimator, based on random matrix theory, shows better performance in terms of distance from the true precision matrix in synthetic data and test likelihood in natural fMRI data. A variant of this estimator with optimized parameters through cross-validation outperforms others in severe undersampling regime common in fMRI series. Additionally, a simple algorithm based on iterative likelihood gradient ascent provides accurate estimations in weakly correlated synthetic datasets.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Adekunle Adedeji, Christiane Otto, Anne Kaman, Franziska Reiss, Janine Devine, Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
Summary: The study found that the quality of peer relationships is a significant predictor of the severity of depressive symptoms in adolescents, with different trends for boys and girls.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jiahe Zhang, Aaron Kucyi, Jovicarole Raya, Ashley N. Nielsen, Jason S. Nomi, Jessica S. Damoiseaux, Deanna J. Greene, Silvina G. Horovitz, Lucina Q. Uddin, Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli
Summary: Functional connectivity (FC) has become a widely used tool for probing functional abnormalities in clinical populations, providing insights into intrinsic functional networks, neurodevelopmental patterns, and network-level changes in clinical conditions. FC studies support a dimensional approach to studying transdiagnostic clinical symptoms and enhance the understanding of symptom progression trajectories, offering unprecedented opportunities for investigating brain function in challenging clinical conditions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jessica C. Levenson, Brian C. Thoma, Jessica L. Hamilton, Sophia Choukas-Bradley, Rachel H. Salk
Summary: The study aims to investigate the sleep disparities between gender minority adolescents (GMAs) and non-GMAs, with findings showing that GMAs are more likely to report inadequate sleep, shorter sleep duration, and poor sleep quality compared to non-GMAs. Adjusting for depressive symptoms did not diminish the significant association between poor sleep quality and GMAs, suggesting a potential link between depression and sleep disparities among GMAs.
Article
Neurosciences
Matthew Mattoni, David V. Smith, Thomas M. Olino
Summary: Associations between connectivity networks and behavioral outcomes are typically examined by comparing average networks between known groups. However, neural heterogeneity within groups may limit the ability to make inferences at the individual level. This study characterized the heterogeneity of effective connectivity reward networks among early adolescents and examined associations between individualized features and multiple behavioral and clinical outcomes. The findings highlight the importance of accounting for heterogeneity in connectivity networks for precise individual-level inferences.
NETWORK NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Alice Wickersham, Juliette Westbrook, Craig Colling, Johnny Downs, Risha Govind, Daisy Kornblum, Jonathan Lewis, Patrick Smith, Tamsin Ford
Summary: Children and adolescents with depression in England have access to specialist mental health services. This study aimed to summarize the pathways followed by these patients and examine the data collection practices of healthcare providers. Electronic health records from two NHS trusts were analyzed, revealing variations in demographics, clinical characteristics, and intervention approaches. These findings highlight the need for more systematic data collection and standardization across healthcare providers to better understand and improve services for young individuals with depression.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Sociology
Molly Copeland
Summary: During adolescence, teenagers manage close friendships and evaluate their social position in the larger peer context. Global embeddedness is generally protective, but for girls, greater global embeddedness when friends are more depressive is associated with increased depressive symptoms. Greater local cohesion reduces the impact of depressive friends on depressive levels for girls, while both local cohesion and friends' depression are largely irrelevant for boys.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Caroline G. Hodgson, Wes Bonifay, Wenxi Yang, Keith C. Herman
Summary: This study used item response theory to evaluate the use of the PHQ-8 in an adolescent sample. The results showed that the PHQ-8 had adequate discriminative abilities and that items measuring somatic symptoms were most informative. Gender and student income level may have an impact on certain items. These findings have important practical implications for quickly screening for depression in adolescents, and future research should further explore other depressive symptoms in the same age group.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Chao Li, Guangjie Ning, Lin Wang, Feier Chen
Summary: This paper uses a large-scale nationally representative dataset to examine the nonlinear relationship between income and mental health. The findings suggest a U-shaped relationship, where depression decreases as income increases at lower levels but increases again after a turning point. Heterogeneity analysis reveals variations in this relationship among different population groups.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuqi Cai, Nourhan M. Elsayed, Deanna M. Barch
Summary: Family history of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a strong predictor of MDD onset in early adolescence. Negative wDMN rsFC is associated with current depression in children and current depressive symptoms in parents. Familial risk for depression interacts with wDMN rsFC in association with past MDD diagnosis in children and current depressive symptoms in parents.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Angel Denche-Zamorano, Maria Angeles Garcia-Gil, Maria Mendoza-Munoz, Sabina Barrios-Fernandez
Summary: A study conducted among young people from low-income countries found that they are more likely to feel lonely, sad, and cry for no reason, especially those with disabilities. The study revealed a significant relationship between difficulties/disabilities and loneliness, sadness, and crying. People with disabilities had a higher prevalence of these emotions.
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Susan Branje
Summary: This review summarized the existing literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health, specifically focusing on longitudinal studies. The findings indicated that many adolescents experienced increased mental health problems during the pandemic, particularly those who were already vulnerable. Both preexisting factors, such as socioeconomic background and gender, and pandemic-related factors, such as perceived stress and restrictive measures, contributed to interindividual differences in the impact on adolescents. However, it is important to interpret these changes in the context of the ongoing trend of increasing mental health problems among youth over the past decades.
CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Susanne Schweizer, Rebecca P. Lawson, Sarah-Jayne Blakemore
Summary: Mental health problems in young people have been increasing for over a decade, and the pandemic has accelerated this trend. This review suggests that the pandemic's catalyst effect provides insights into a key driver of youth depression and anxiety: greater uncertainty. Research shows that adolescents who do not exhibit typical tolerance of uncertainty are at a higher risk of mental health problems. Future research should focus on understanding and promoting tolerance of uncertainty in adolescents.
CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Erin O'Callaghan, Scott Sullivan, Carina Gupta, Heather G. Belanger, Mirene Winsberg
Summary: This study explores the use of a precision prescribing algorithm in routine clinical practice for patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. The results indicate that the intervention is feasible and acceptable, and has a positive impact on patients' symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jan Willem Gorter, Darcy Fehlings, Mark A. Ferro, Andrea Gonzalez, Amanda D. Green, Sarah N. Hopmans, Dayle McCauley, Robert J. Palisano, Peter Rosenbaum, Brittany Speller
Summary: There is a high prevalence of mental health problems and co-occurring physical problems in adolescents and young adults with cerebral palsy (CP). Family functioning, fatigue, and pain are significant predictors of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Cortisol levels in hair samples are not associated with depressive or anxiety symptoms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Lucy S. King, Daisy E. Feddoes, Jaclyn S. Kirshenbaum, Kathryn L. Humphreys, Ian H. Gotlib
Summary: This study examines the stress and adversity related to the COVID-19 pandemic among pregnant women and its association with prenatal depressive symptoms. The findings suggest that pregnant women during the pandemic are more vulnerable to depression, and both individual and community-level factors contribute to COVID-19-related stress and adversity. Subjective stress responses are strongly associated with depressive symptoms during the pandemic.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Lauren R. Borchers, Lisa Bruckert, Rajpreet Chahal, Dana Mastrovito, Tiffany C. Ho, Ian H. Gotlib
Summary: During adolescence, lower FA levels in certain parts of the cerebellum (SCP and ICP) may be associated with changes in internalizing and externalizing symptoms, with a more significant impact on females than males. The organizational properties of cerebellar peduncles may serve as a sex-specific marker for symptom changes, warranting further exploration in future studies.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Jaclyn S. Kirshenbaum, Rajpreet Chahal, Tiffany C. Ho, Lucy S. King, Anthony J. Gifuni, Dana Mastrovito, Sache M. Coury, Rachel L. Weisenburger, Ian H. Gotlib
Summary: The study found that a linear combination of baseline and follow-up psychosocial variables best explained the severity of suicidal ideation (SI). Follow-up analysis showed that graph theory resting-state metrics did not increase the prediction of the severity of SI in adolescents. Attending to internalizing and externalizing symptoms is important in early adolescence.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Jonas G. Miller, Rajpreet Chahal, Jaclyn S. Kirshenbaum, Tiffany C. Ho, Anthony J. Gifuni, Ian H. Gotlib
Summary: Adolescent mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic is influenced by heart rate variability, with different susceptibility or vulnerability patterns observed. Adolescents with higher heart rate variability are more likely to be affected by COVID-19 stress, while those with lower heart rate variability may be more vulnerable to the impact of family adversity related to COVID-19.
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Adina S. Fischer, Bailey Holt-Gosselin, Kelsey E. Hagan, Scott L. Fleming, Akua F. Nimarko, Ian H. Gotlib, Manpreet K. Singh
Summary: This study characterized functional connectivity differences between youth at high familial risk for bipolar disorder (HR-BD), major depressive disorder (HR-MDD), and low-risk youth (LR), and found associations between family dynamics and these connections. Additionally, the study identified connectivity differences related to resilience and conversion to psychopathology. These findings are crucial for understanding the neural underpinnings of mood disorders and developing interventions targeted at the family context.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Erika M. Manczak, Jonas G. Miller, Ian H. Gotlib
Summary: This study examined whether neighborhood ozone levels predicted the trajectories of depressive symptoms in adolescents. The findings showed that higher ozone levels were associated with steeper increases in depressive symptoms during adolescent development.
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Political Science
Luca Bernardi, Ian H. Gotlib
Summary: This article investigates the effects of COVID-19 on democracy and mental health. The study finds that higher COVID-19 stressors and symptoms of distress are associated with lower political support, as well as higher symptoms of mental/emotional distress. The research also reveals that greater worry and stress related to COVID-19 are linked to lower evaluation of government performance, decreased trust in government, and more symptoms of mental/emotional distress.
WEST EUROPEAN POLITICS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Johnny Berona, Anna W. Sroka, Kristina L. Gelardi, Amanda E. Guyer, Alison E. Hipwell, Kate Keenan
Summary: Regulation of negative emotions is a key aspect of child development. Parental emotion socialization has a significant impact on the development of children's capacity to regulate negative affect, and specifically, maternal warmth and supportive responses play a crucial role in girls' ability to modulate negative emotions during early adolescence.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Virginia C. Salo, Lucy S. King, Ian H. Gotlib, Kathryn L. Humphreys
Summary: The study found that infants tend to initiate conversations with adults, with adult-initiated conversations being longer and containing more adult words on average. Infants who engage more in adult-initiated conversations in infancy showed better expressive language skills at 18 months, even after accounting for the number of infant-initiated conversations at 6 months. This suggests that early interactions with caregivers, particularly the extent to which parents initiate interactions with infants, can have a lasting impact on children's language development.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Yoonji Lee, Rajpreet Chahal, Ian H. Gotlib
Summary: Internalizing and externalizing problems during adolescence increase the risk of developing psychiatric disorders for boys and girls. The study examines whether there are sex differences in the brain's intrinsic functional architecture that underlie changes in the severity of these problems. The results show sex-differentiated involvement of the default mode network in changes in internalizing and externalizing problems, suggesting different neural mechanisms predict these changes in adolescent boys and girls.
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Lisa E. Johnson, Richard W. Robins, Amanda E. Guyer, Paul D. Hastings
Summary: This study examined the Five Cs model of positive youth development in Mexican-origin youth in the United States, and found that cultural orientation, including ethnic pride, familismo, and respeto, positively predicted positive youth development. The findings suggest that cultural orientation contributes to positive youth development across midadolescence, regardless of adolescent gender or nativity.
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Lucy S. King, Kaylin E. Hill, Elizabeth Rangel, Ian H. Gotlib, Kathryn L. Humphreys
Summary: The study found that caregivers' goals influence their interactions with their children. Directing parents to teach their baby, compared to learning from their baby, resulted in more intrusive caregiving behaviors, such as controlling and adult-centered behaviors.
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Camelia E. Hostinar, Johnna R. Swartz, Nicholas V. Alen, Amanda E. Guyer, Paul D. Hastings
Summary: Childhood adversity is a major risk factor for psychopathology, being associated with a significant percentage of childhood-onset and adult-onset disorders. The link between childhood adversity and psychopathology is nonspecific and probabilistic, posing theoretical challenges. This article proposes a path forward by focusing on stress phenotypes, which are biobehavioral patterns activated in response to stressors and can disrupt future functioning when persistent.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ian H. Gotlib, Jonas G. Miller, Lauren R. Borchers, Sache M. Coury, Lauren A. Costello, Jordan M. Garcia, Tiffany C. Ho
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the mental health and brain aging of adolescents, posing challenges for researchers analyzing longitudinal data.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Alice Morgunova, Pascal Ibrahim, Gary Gang Chen, Sache M. Coury, Gustavo Turecki, Michael J. Meaney, Anthony Gifuni, Ian H. Gotlib, Corina Nagy, Tiffany C. Ho, Cecilia Flores
Summary: Dried blood spots (DBS) are a common method to collect biological samples, especially for newborns and in remote areas. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in diseases and are used as markers and regulators. This protocol provides optimized steps to obtain peripheral miRNA expression profiles from DBS, including key practices and the benefits of standardization.
BIOLOGY METHODS & PROTOCOLS
(2023)
