Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 68, Issue 26, Pages 6987-6997Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01658
Keywords
Bacillus subtilis; surfactin A; wound healing; cell migration; scar inhibition
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China [2017YFE0105300]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [2018JQ3054]
- Key R&D plan of Shaanxi Province [2017ZDXL-NY-0304, 2019ZDLNY01-02-02]
- Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System [CARS-29-jg-3]
- Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation, Northwestern Polytechnical University [CX201968]
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Surfactin produced by Bacillus subtilis is a powerful biosurfactant in food, cosmetics, and pesticide industries. However, its suitability in wound healing applications is uncertain. In this article, we determined the effects of surfactin A from B. subtilis on wound healing, angiogenesis, cell migration, inflammatory response, and scar formation. The results indicated that 80.65 +/- 2.03% of surfactin A-treated wounds were closed, whereas 44.30 +/- 4.26% of the vehicle-treated wound areas remained open on day 7 (P < 0.05). In mechanisms, it upregulated the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), accelerated keratinocyte migration through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) signaling pathways, and regulated the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and macrophage phenotypic switch. More attractive, surfactin A showed a seductive capability to inhibit scar tissue formation by affecting the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and transforming growth factor (TGF-beta). Overall, the study revealed a new function and potential of surfactin A as an affordable and efficient wound healing drug.
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