Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daisuke Igarashi, Ryoichi Tatara, Ryusei Fujimoto, Tomooki Hosaka, Shinichi Komaba
Summary: In this study, the electrochemical insertion and extraction of rubidium ions into and from graphite and carbonaceous materials was achieved. It was found that graphite undergoes a phase transition and forms a stage-1 RbC8 structure in non-aqueous electrolytes. Similar behavior was observed with other alkali metals.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daisuke Igarashi, Ryoichi Tatara, Ryusei Fujimoto, Tomooki Hosaka, Shinichi Komaba
Summary: The reversible insertion of rubidium into carbonaceous materials, such as graphite, was achieved in this study. The chemical compositions of rubidiated graphite were determined at each step of the electrochemical reduction process, and it was found that rubidium underwent a phase transition from RbC8 to RbC36, with RbC24 as an intermediate. Rubidium was also found to be reversibly inserted into both graphitizable and non-graphitizable carbons.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kazim K. Moncal, Hemanth Gudapati, Kevin P. Godzik, Dong N. Heo, Youngnam Kang, Elias Rizk, Dino J. Ravnic, Hwabok Wee, David F. Pepley, Veli Ozbolat, Gregory S. Lewis, Jason Z. Moore, Ryan R. Driskell, Thomas D. Samson, Ibrahim T. Ozbolat
Summary: The study demonstrates the intra-operative bioprinting of various craniomaxillofacial tissues directly on rats, including bone, skin, and composite tissues. A novel osteogenic hard tissue ink and droplet-based bioprinting technology facilitated substantial bone regeneration and accelerated wound closure in a stratified arrangement. The use of a hybrid approach resulted in significant skin wound closure and bone coverage, showcasing the potential for bioprinting technologies in clinical CMF defect reconstruction.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Patricia de Oliveira Piccolo, Alexandre Zaccaron, Luyza Bortolotto Teixeira, Elisangela Guzi de Moraes, Oscar Rubem Klegues Montedo, Antonio Pedro Novaes de Oliveira
Summary: A translucent ceramic was developed using porcelain stoneware paste modified with a frit to enhance translucency. The C06 composition showed superior translucency and stain resistance, making it suitable for ceramic tile production.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Robotics
Elliot W. Hawkes, Carmel Majidi, Michael T. Tolley
Summary: The establishment of a new academic field like soft robotics requires meaningful contributions beyond the surface level softness. By proposing a three-tiered categorization grounded in historical examples, researchers can guide their studies towards higher levels of impact in robotics and engineering. Self-reflection and a focus on quantitative superiority are essential for soft robotics to become a transformative field in the next decade.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
H. Jalili, B. Aslibeiki, A. Hajalilou, O. Musalu, L. P. Ferreira, M. M. Cruz
Summary: Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of the chemical composition and shape of magnetic nanoparticles in determining their properties. In this study, we synthesized cube-like nanoparticles and bimagnetic nanocomposites using an eco-friendly co-precipitation method. The nanocomposites exhibited good exchange-coupling interaction between the hard and soft magnetic phases, resulting in enhanced saturation magnetization. These materials showed promise for use in magnetic hyperthermia.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Amir Hossein Rahmati, Rong Jia, Kai Tan, Liping Liu, Xuanhe Zhao, Qian Deng, Pradeep Sharma
Summary: Researchers have designed and created a soft magnetoelectric material that exhibits an extremely strong, self-biased magnetoelectric effect. This material can generate electricity through contactless, wireless signals and is capable of large deformation reminiscent of soft robots while being soft enough to conform to irregular or curved geometries. This research opens up possibilities for applications such as remote drug delivery, energy harvesting, and soft robots.
MATERIALS TODAY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Philippe Colomban, Anh-Tu Ngo, Howell G. M. Edwards, Linda C. Prinsloo, L. Valerie Esterhuizen
Summary: Shards of Blue-and-White Ming porcelain from shipwrecks of Portuguese ships found on the coasts of South Africa, as well as a shard from Mombasa (Kenya), were analyzed using optical microscopy, SEM-EDS, and Raman microspectroscopy. The study revealed differences in the composition of the porcelain body paste and types of glazes used, with blue decoration characteristic of materials rich in manganese.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Suk-il Kang, Hyun Lee, Sungryul Bae, Dongwhan Lee
Summary: Inspired by allosteric proteins, researchers engineered a zigzag-shaped p-conjugation into an ionophore to enhance binding affinity and selectivity of metal ions.
Article
Spectroscopy
Philippe Colomban, Michele Gironda, Howell G. M. Edwards, Viviane Mesqui
Summary: This study examines the early European porcelains made before the discovery of kaolin in Saxony, Germany. Analysis of blue-and-white artifacts from French national collection revealed different factories of origin and enamel types used. Mobile XRF and Raman instruments proved useful for on-site classification of artifacts.
JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haozhe Zhang, Weizhu Yang, Qingchang Liu, Yuan Gao, Zhufeng Yue, Baoxing Xu
Summary: This article presents a mechanical Janus structure composed of soft and hard materials with a significant difference in mechanical properties at the macroscale that can be additively manufactured. Through experimental, theoretical, and computational studies, the design principles and unique rotation mechanism of soft-hard material integrated mechanical Janus structures are established. The systematic assembly of Janus structure units into superstructures with well-ordered organizations by programming local rotations is demonstrated, providing a direct route for designing superstructures using mechanical Janus structures with integrated soft-hard materials.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Raffaele Marino, Scott Kirkpatrick
Summary: Finding a Maximum Clique is a classic property test from graph theory, where we search for the largest complete subgraph in a random graph. The study explores the complexity of the problem based on the graph size and the desired clique size. It reveals a complex phase boundary with staircases, where the maximum size of a clique that can be found increases incrementally. By using local algorithms, cliques can be found beyond the limits of infinite systems. The research also examines the performance of various local algorithms and concludes that a significant portion of the problem remains solvable within finite graph sizes. Furthermore, in the hidden clique problem, local searches that identify evidence of a hidden clique early on may outperform message passing or spectral algorithms.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhi Zhao, Xiaojia Shelly Zhang
Summary: This work introduces a powerful topology optimization framework to guide the rational design of hard-magnetic soft materials and structures with precisely programmable functionalities. The framework is capable of simultaneously optimizing topology, remnant magnetization distribution, and applied magnetic fields, improving the performance of a design and generating unconventional designs with highly programmable magnetic-actuated behaviors.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Sarah Broyde, Matthew Dempsey, Linjie Wang, Philip G. Cox, Michael Fagan, Karl T. Bates
Summary: Biomechanical modelling is a useful tool for studying the evolution of functional performance in extinct animals, but reconstructions of soft tissue properties in current models face challenges. The qualitative and quantitative differences in reconstructions have a significant impact on predicting evolutionary patterns in macroevolutionary studies.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yanqi Huang, Lin Cao, Bogdan V. Parakhonskiy, Andre G. Skirtach
Summary: This article introduces the characteristics and applications of inorganic calcium carbonate particles and organic alginate hydrogels as drug delivery carriers, as well as hybrid structures containing both types of carriers. It proposes the rational combination of these two carrier types to enhance their performance, and discusses their similarities and differences.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Liliana Gianni, Helene Renel, Aleksandar Kremenovic, Philippe Colomban
Summary: Representative 'Blue speckled' and 'Brown speckled' wares from Qalhat and Bahla in Oman were analyzed using various techniques. The study revealed differences in composition, firing temperatures, and glaze types and compositions. It is suggested that the wares were locally produced, but the origin of the glazes used in the 'Blue speckled' wares remains uncertain.
BOLETIN DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE CERAMICA Y VIDRIO
(2022)
Article
Spectroscopy
Philippe Colomban, Michele Gironda, Howell G. M. Edwards, Viviane Mesqui
Summary: This study examines the early European porcelains made before the discovery of kaolin in Saxony, Germany. Analysis of blue-and-white artifacts from French national collection revealed different factories of origin and enamel types used. Mobile XRF and Raman instruments proved useful for on-site classification of artifacts.
JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Diana Mancini, Aline Percot, Ludovic Bellot-Gurlet, Philippe Colomban, Paola Carnazza
Summary: This study utilized Specular Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopy (SR-FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy to successfully identify the diversity of paints used in artworks created by German and Italian painters around the 1960s. The methodology proved effective in distinguishing acrylic, vinylic, oil media, and enamel paints, complemented by Raman analyses for pigment identification.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Philippe Colomban, Anh-Tu Ngo, Howell G. M. Edwards, Linda C. Prinsloo, L. Valerie Esterhuizen
Summary: Shards of Blue-and-White Ming porcelain from shipwrecks of Portuguese ships found on the coasts of South Africa, as well as a shard from Mombasa (Kenya), were analyzed using optical microscopy, SEM-EDS, and Raman microspectroscopy. The study revealed differences in the composition of the porcelain body paste and types of glazes used, with blue decoration characteristic of materials rich in manganese.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Philippe Colomban
Summary: This study compares the Raman signatures of different colored enamels used in European, Chinese, and Japanese porcelains and enameled metalworks. The results show that Raman microspectroscopy can identify fingerprint spectra of milestone technologies and is a useful tool for detecting copies.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Philippe Colomban
Summary: A didactic review of vibrational spectroscopy procedures for studying mobile protonic species in solid hydrates, crystals and ceramics is proposed. Representative examples of materials are given, and the advantages of isotopic substitution and dilution measurements are discussed. The vibrational signatures of different proton species and the characterization of protonic species without or with weak vibrational signatures are presented. The presence of a strong incoherent inelastic neutron scattering background appears to be characteristic of proton conductors.
SOLID STATE IONICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Philippe Colomban, Gulsu Simsek Franci, Jacques Burlot, Xavier Gallet, Bing Zhao, Jean-Baptiste Clais
Summary: On-site pXRF analysis is conducted on French collections of decorated porcelains from the Qing Dynasty to identify enamel types, ions and coloring phases, as well as differentiate between Chinese/Asian raw materials and those imported by European missionaries. The study focuses on cobalt-associated elements, impurities in the silicate matrix, and the use of gold or copper nanoparticles. Comparisons are made with previous measurements on Qing imperial porcelains, Cantonese productions, and blue-and-white wares from different museums and collections.
CERAMICS-SWITZERLAND
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
Jacques Burlot, Divine Vangu, Ludovic Bellot-Gurlet, Philippe Colomban
Summary: This study analyzes the yellow pigments of enameled objects from 18th century French and Chinese productions and identifies different types of Raman signatures. The combination of spectral decomposition parameters and PCA analysis proves effective in categorizing the pigments.
JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
Jacques Burlot, Divine Vangu, Ludovic Bellot-Gurlet, Philippe Colomban
Summary: Raman analysis is utilized to study the phases observed in the different colored enamels of French and Chinese objects from the 18th century. The effectiveness of a solid-state spectroscopic approach and a multivariate chemometric approach is compared. The incorporation of spectra from similar phases in the literature is crucial for obtaining quality results. The combination of visual observation and multivariate analysis reveals that different production techniques result in variations in the peaks associated with the main As-O stretching vibration. Arsenic-based opacifiers are detected in the enamelled artifacts, both in French and Chinese objects.
JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Philippe Colomban, Gulsu Simsek Franci
Summary: Raw materials play a significant role in determining the composition and properties of fired ceramics. Raman analysis was used to characterize the micro- and nanostructures of glazes from various regions, revealing three different types of glazes and identifying specific color compositions. Different pigments and opacifiers were also identified. The results provide insights into the production and connection between different ceramic artifacts.
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Philippe Colomban, Gulsu Simsek Franci, Michele Gironda, Pauline d'Abrigeon, Anne-Claire Schumacher
Summary: Raman and XRF analyses have shown that it is possible to identify specific phases and elements used in ceramics made with European recipes and ingredients. The study focused on ceramics produced in the Forbidden City during the Qing Dynasty and in Guangzhou, and found that they used the same raw materials. The study also observed some artifacts with anachronistic characteristics that suggest they were produced around 1850.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Philippe Colomban, Michele Gironda, Gulsu Simsek Franci, Pauline D'Abrigeon
Summary: This study applies non-invasive on-site portable techniques, Raman microscopy, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy to analyze imperial bowls and decorated dishes from the Qing Dynasty. The findings reveal variations in coloring agents and glaze compositions, highlighting the uniqueness of each object instead of small-scale production.
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Gulsu Simsek Franci, Philippe Colomban
Summary: The invention of European hard porcelain, which imitates Chinese porcelain, began with the development of red porcelain technology by Johann Friedrich Bottger in Meissen, Saxony. This study compares the chemical characteristics of European and Chinese red stoneware using on-site characterization techniques. The results show significant differences between Dutch objects and others, and provide a methodology for distinguishing the provenance and authenticity of artifacts.
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Philippe Colomban, Anh-Tu Ngo, Nicolas Fournery
Summary: Six rare porcelains from the Qing Dynasty were analyzed using non-invasive Raman microspectrometry. The study found that European ingredients and/or recipes were used, indicating China's role as both an importer of European know-how and an exporter of enameled products with imported technologies during the 18th century. Different recipes or raw materials may be the signature of different workshops.
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Philippe Colomban, Gulsu Simsek Franci, Farahnaz Koleini
Summary: Ancient tombs were discovered near Vohemar village in Madagascar in the late 19th century, revealing a major necropolis active from the 13th to the 18th centuries, with artifacts like Chinese ceramic shards and glass trade beads. Analysis of carnelian and glass trade beads using a mobile Raman spectrometer showed that most beads originated from southern Asia and Europe, confirming the role of northern Madagascar in the maritime networks of the Western Indian Ocean during the 15th-16th centuries.
