Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Summary: The recent survey on European radiology departments showed a mixed picture in terms of compliance with BSSD requirements, with both improvement and deterioration observed compared to the 2018 survey. Higher levels of skipping responses were also observed in 2021, possibly due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
INSIGHTS INTO IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ken Karipidis, Rodney Croft, Eric van Rongen, Tania Cestari, Nigel Cridland, Guglielmo d'Inzeo, Akimasa Hirata, Anke Huss, Carmela Marino, Sharon Miller, Gunnhild Oftedal, Tsutomu Okuno, Martin Roosli, Soichi Watanabe, Gunde Ziegelberger, Karine Chabrel
Summary: In this statement, ICNIRP outlines its structure, activities, and approach to providing guidance on non-ionizing radiation protection. The statement emphasizes ICNIRP's independence and the principle of no commercial or other vested interests. It also discusses ICNIRP's funding arrangements, collaboration with other advisory bodies and radiation protection authorities, and the types of guidance documents produced. Overall, ICNIRP aims to assess scientific evidence and provide reliable guidance on non-ionizing radiation protection.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kaitlin Kelly-Reif, Steven J. Bertke, Robert D. Daniels, David B. Richardson, Mary K. Schubauer-Berigan
Summary: This study found an association between long-term low-level ionizing radiation exposure and an increased risk of solid cancer mortality among nuclear workers in the USA, especially for those hired after 1960.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Igor Shuryak, Rainer K. Sachs, David J. Brenner
Summary: This study used a TE + NTE model to analyze the effects of different types of radiation on mouse tumorigenesis, and predicted tumor yield for a Mars-mission-relevant radiation mixture through modeling, enhancing knowledge about space radiation quality effects and health risks.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elizabeth A. Ainsbury, Claudia Dalke, Nobuyuki Hamada, Mohamed Amine Benadjaoud, Vadim Chumak, Merce Ginjaume, Judith L. Kok, Mariateresa Mancuso, Laure Sabatier, Lara Struelens, Juliette Thariat, Jean-Rene Jourdain
Summary: In 2011, ICRP recommended reducing the occupational equivalent dose limit for the lens of the eye and setting new dose thresholds and occupational dose limits for radiation-induced cataracts. However, these recommendations are mainly based on epidemiological evidence, with limited biological and mechanistic evidence available for doses under 2 Gy.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Martin Krejci, Giuseppe Caruso
Summary: This study presents a quantitative assessment of the blue light hazard for the human eye caused by direct solar irradiation. The results show that the blue light dose limit is violated when looking directly into the sun without eye protection. Sunglasses with optimized blue light protection offer better eye protection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ankit Chauhan, Dhananjay Kumar Sah, Neeraj Kumari, Namita Kalra, Ravi Soni, Anant Narayan Bhatt
Summary: The study investigated the potential radioprotective effect of the PTEN inhibitor, bpV(HOpic), demonstrating its ability to reduce IR-induced cytotoxicity, promote DNA repair, decrease oxidative stress, enhance antioxidant defense mechanism, and exert radioprotective effects through AKT signaling modulation. These findings suggest that bpV(HOpic) could be a promising radiation countermeasure.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biology
Hiba Omer
Summary: Radiation is widely used in medicine for diagnosis and treatment, but the understanding of non-ionizing radiation is limited. This article aims to explain the fundamentals of different types of non-ionizing radiation to equip students and medical personnel with knowledge on medical applications.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Guy Frija, Christoph Hoeschen, Claudio Granata, Eliseo Vano, Graciano Paulo, John Damilakis, Lluis Donoso, Lorenzo Bonomo, Reinhard Loose, Steve Ebdon-Jackson
Summary: This article introduces the European Society of Radiology's EuroSafe Imaging initiative in the year of its 6th anniversary, detailing the role of the initiative's Call for Action in successfully achieving international radiation protection goals.
INSIGHTS INTO IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. Kozlovskiy, D. B. Borgekov, D. I. Shlimas, M. V. Zdorovets
Summary: The study focuses on the impact of Bi2O3 concentration on the properties of telluride glasses, revealing that increasing the Bi2O3 concentration can enhance glass strength, alter optical properties, and improve radiation shielding efficiency.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Igor Belyaev, Carl Blackman, Kent Chamberlin, Alvaro DeSalles, Suleyman Dasdag, Claudio Fernandez, Lennart Hardell, Paul Heroux, Elizabeth Kelley, Kavindra Kesari, Don Maisch, Erica Mallery-Blythe, Ronald L. Melnick, Anthony Miller, Joel M. Moskowitz, Wenjun Sun, Igor Yakymenko
Summary: This paper examines the extensive research on radiofrequency radiation (RFR) over the past 25 years and finds that the assumptions underlying the exposure limits set by the FCC and ICNIRP are invalid and pose a threat to public health. Studies have shown adverse effects from RFR exposures below the assumed threshold, including the induction of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, cardiomyopathy, carcinogenicity, sperm damage, and neurological effects. Human studies have also found significant associations between RFR exposure and increased risks of brain and thyroid cancer.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rajib Chandra Das, Marcela L. Chaki, Ronald Sluyter, Michael Lerch, Konstantin Konstantinov
Summary: This study examined the ROS scavenging activity of Y2O3 nanomaterials with 2D-like morphology in a UV radiation environment and in the Fenton system. The materials were synthesized using a chemical precipitation method and annealed under different gas environments. The Y2O3 nanoparticles showed promising potential in preventing dye degradation and ROS damage caused by radiation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Antonelli, Arianna Casciati, Montserrat Belles, Noemi Serra, Maria Victoria Linares-Vidal, Carmela Marino, Mariateresa Mancuso, Simonetta Pazzaglia
Summary: Radiation therapy is a primary treatment modality for brain tumors, but long-term neurocognitive decline significantly affects quality of life. Recent evidence suggests that modulating the Shh signaling pathway can mitigate hippocampal radiation injury and improve brain repair and functional recovery after radio-induced injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuseppe La Verde, Valeria Artiola, Valeria Panzetta, Mariagabriella Pugliese, Paolo A. Netti, Sabato Fusco
Summary: The cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in various biological processes such as adhesion, motility, and intracellular transport. Alterations in its components are linked to diseases like cancer, affecting cell properties and invasiveness. Understanding the effects of ionizing radiations on the cytoskeleton can aid in developing diagnostic tools and improving cancer treatments.
Article
Cell Biology
Rui Liu, Lin Liu, Yan Bian, Shinan Zhang, Yue Wang, Huajian Chen, Xinyue Jiang, Guanghui Li, Qing Chen, Chang Xue, Mengke Li, Lianchang Liu, Xiaodong Liu, Shumei Ma
Summary: This study investigated whether ionizing radiation (IR) can induce ferroptosis in breast cancer and elucidated the molecular mechanisms involved. The results revealed that the ferroptosis-related gene SLC7A11 was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and was associated with poor survival. Furthermore, the study demonstrated the coordinated function of ESR1 and NEDD4L in regulating SLC7A11 expression and inducing ferroptosis in breast cancer cells after radiation treatment.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
R. Chow, L. Curchod, E. Davies, A. F. Veludo, C. Oltramare, M. A. Dalvie, C. Stamm, M. Roeoesli, S. Fuhrimann
Summary: The Western Cape in South Africa has a Mediterranean climate, supporting diverse agricultural industries. However, limited data exists on pesticide pollution in surface water in low- and middle-income countries. This study evaluated seasonal drivers of aquatic pesticide pollution in three river catchments using passive samplers. High concentrations of pesticides were detected, and their occurrence correlated with application and rainfall events. Mitigation measures should be based on comprehensive pesticide data and targeted studies identifying sources and transport processes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
F. Freudenstein, F. Boerner, R. J. Croft, R. W. S. Leung, S. P. Loughran, P. M. Wiedemann
Summary: The study examines the impact of generalization descriptions on risk perceptions. In a 1-factorial online experiment, 629 participants were assigned to three different groups. Group G1 received an excerpt of an original press release from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) about mobile phones and cancer risks. Group G2 received additional explanatory text, while Group G3 received a rewritten text, both emphasizing that the possible cancer risk only applies to mobile phones. The results showed that all three groups had increased risk perceptions for all electromagnetic field sources, but there were significant differences based on the prevailing risk generalization belief.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yuki Niimi, Jose Gomez-Tames, Toshiaki Wasaka, Akimasa Hirata
Summary: This study investigated the optimal parameters for selective stimulation of A delta- and C-fibers using a computational model and experimental results. The results showed that different sensations could be elicited by selectively stimulating different fibers by adjusting the pulse counts and frequencies. The computational model revealed that terminal axon thickness was the most important biophysical factor affecting perception thresholds.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Kun Li, Sachiko Kodera, Dragan Poljak, Yinliang Diao, Kensuke Sasaki, Anna Susnjara, Alexander Prokop, Kenji Taguchi, Jingtian Xi, Shuai Zhang, Ming Yao, Giulia Sacco, Maxim Zhadobov, Walid El Hajj, Akimasa Hirata
Summary: International organizations have revised standards and guidelines for human protection from electromagnetic fields. This study compares the calculated power densities inside a human body model exposed to different frequency sources ranging from 10-90 GHz. The results show that the variations in the calculated power densities using planar skin models are marginal.
Article
Neurosciences
Keigo Hikita, Jose Gomez-Tames, Akimasa Hirata
Summary: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive method for activating brain cells and mapping brain motor functions. This study aimed to accurately and quickly map two neighboring muscles in cortical motor areas. Multiple stimuli were applied using TMS, and the induced electric field (EF) in the brain was computed using a volume conductor model. A post-processing method was implemented to determine a TMS hotspot, and the localization results were consistent with previous studies. It was possible to achieve simultaneous cortical mapping of two finger muscles with fewer stimuli than previous studies. Preoperative mapping of motor or speech areas for brain surgery interventions can benefit from this proposal.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shreya S. Shrikhande, Hugo Pedder, Martin Roeoesli, Mohammad Aqiel Dalvie, Ravivarman Lakshmanasamy, Antonio Gasparrini, Juerg Utzinger, Gueladio Cisse
Summary: This study investigates the association between cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and temperature in Puducherry, a district in southern India. The study finds that both hot and cold temperatures are associated with CVDs in this region, causing a significant disease burden. Gender, age, and specific types of CVDs also influence the impact of temperature on CVDs.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marloes Eeftens, Sophie Pujol, Aaron Klaiber, Gilles Chopard, Andrin Riss, Florian Smayra, Benjamin Fluckiger, Thomas Gehin, Kadiatou Diallo, Joe Wiart, Taghrid Mazloum, Frederic Mauny, Martin Roosli
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between mobile phone radiation and human health, including cognitive performance, health-related quality of life, and sleep. The results showed that there were sporadic associations between wireless phone use and screen time with cognitive performance, but no significant associations with HRQoL or sleep duration and quality. Increased screen time was found to be associated with increased stress, but there was no association with phone call time or sleep.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nicolas Loizeau, Marco Zahner, Johannes Schindler, Christa Stephan, Jurg Frohlich, Markus Gugler, Toni Ziegler, Martin Roosli
Summary: The ambient radiofrequency electromagnetic field levels in Switzerland did not significantly change between 2014 and 2021, despite a significant increase in mobile data transmission. This may be due to the adoption of more efficient mobile communication technologies.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maximilian Gorlitz, Lennart Justen, Patrick J. Rochette, Manuela Buonanno, David Welch, Norman J. Kleiman, Ewan Eadie, Sachiko Kaidzu, William J. Bradshaw, Emilia Javorsky, Nigel Cridland, Anat Galor, Martin Guttmann, Martina C. Meinke, Johannes Schleusener, Paul Jensen, Per Soderberg, Nozomi Yamano, Chikako Nishigori, Paul O'Mahoney, Dieter Manstein, Rodney Croft, Curtis Cole, Frank R. de Gruijl, Paul Donald Forbes, Stephen Trokel, John Marshall, David J. Brenner, David Sliney, Kevin Esvelt
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the importance of improving indoor air quality control measures to reduce the spread of respiratory pathogens. Far-UVC, a type of germicidal ultraviolet technology, shows promise in disinfecting indoor air. Understanding the safety limits of far-UVC exposure is crucial for its effective use, especially during a pandemic or epidemic. This review article summarizes current knowledge on the safety of far-UVC and advocates for further research to determine safe and effective levels for its deployment in indoor environments, contributing to pandemic preparedness and response.
PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tristan Taylor Lee, Mohamed Aqiel Dalvie, Martin Roosli, Sonja Merten, Marek Kwiatkowski, Hassan Mahomed, Neville Sweijd, Gueladio Cisse
Summary: Despite a severe drought in Cape Town from 2015 to 2018, diarrhoeal incidence did not increase. The study found that diarrhoea is strongly influenced by local temperature and humidity, particularly during the hot dry season. Public health interventions were found to be effective in reducing diarrhoeal incidence.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Yoichi Sekiba, Sachiko Kodera, Kenichi Yamazaki, Akimasa Hirata
Summary: International exposure guidelines such as ICNIRP guidelines and IEEE C95.1 standard aim to protect human from potential adverse health effects. The induced electric field limit, or basic restriction, is established by these guidelines and standards. The permissible external field strength, known as the reference level, is then derived conservatively from the basic restriction. However, simultaneous exposure to electric and magnetic fields may occur in reality, especially under overhead transmission lines.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sachiko Kodera, Kenji Taguchi, Yinliang Diao, Tatsuya Kashiwa, Akimasa Hirata
Summary: This study provides a computation of the frequency dependence of whole-body average specific absorption rate (WBASAR) from 1 to 100 GHz using high-resolution anatomical human models. The effects of skin thickness and surface smoothness on WBASAR are evaluated, and a simple estimation method based on the absorption cross section (ACS) is also presented.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hans-Georg Olbrich, Martin Roosli, Eva Herrmann, Christian Maschke, Kerstin Schadow, Torsten Haehnel, Hans-Jorgen Rupprecht, Martin Kaltenbach
Summary: This study found associations between aircraft noise and recurrence risk as well as all-cause mortality in patients with acute coronary heart disease, with more pronounced effects compared to previous population-based cohort studies. In contrast, associations with road traffic and railway noise were weaker and not significant, suggesting that acute coronary heart disease patients are particularly vulnerable to the effects of transportation noise.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Yinliang Diao, Essam A. Rashed, Luca Giaccone, Ilkka Laakso, Congsheng Li, Riccardo Scorretti, Yoichi Sekiba, Kenichi Yamazaki, Akimasa Hirata
Summary: Anatomical human models are widely used in assessing the induced field strength of low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure. However, assigning a single electrical conductivity to all tissue voxels causes computational artifacts. Recently, head models with nonuniform conductivities generated using deep learning networks have been proposed, demonstrating a reduction in staircasing artifacts. The IEEE International Committee on Electromagnetic Safety Technical Committee 95 launched a working group to conduct an intercomparison study of induced electric fields in learning-based head models exposed to low-frequency magnetic fields. The findings suggest that the uncertainty due to different codes is small under the same exposure scenarios, which may have implications for future revision of exposure limits and reduction factors.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jessica G. Bartschi, Lisa-Marie Greenwood, Amy Montgomery, Lon Dortants, Katrina Weston-Green, Xu-Feng Huang, Nagesh Pai, Jan Potter, Mark M. Schira, Rodney Croft, Nadia Solowij
Summary: This trial aims to investigate the effects of CBD on neuroanatomical and psychological outcomes in individuals with early-stage dementia, with the potential to provide a novel and accessible treatment approach for this condition.
CANNABIS AND CANNABINOID RESEARCH
(2023)
