Review
Oncology
Yanli Nie, Wei Zhao, Li Lu, Fuxiang Zhou
Summary: Gastric cancer is a common digestive tract tumor with a non-optimistic prognosis. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have shown promise in extending the survival of gastric cancer patients, particularly those with high-microsatellite instability, Epstein-Barr virus-positive status, or high-tumor mutational burden. However, there is a lack of unified and effective predictive markers for ICI response. This review focuses on potential predictive biomarkers and discusses the application of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in gastric cancer.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael C. Stark, Anna M. Joubert, Michelle H. Visagie
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective immunotherapy agents that can overcome the immunosuppressive effects exerted by tumorigenic cells, specifically targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint. However, the high cost of ICIs like pembrolizumab and nivolumab limits their accessibility in LMICs. Therefore, developing cost-effective biomanufacturing platforms is crucial for expanding access to these therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hongsik Kim, Hana Kim, Minsang Lee, Minsuk Kwon, Jung Yong Hong, Jeeyun Lee, Ho Yeong Lim, Won Ki Kang, Seung Tae Kim
Summary: The study found that immune checkpoint inhibitors showed similar clinical benefits in patients with refractory advanced gastric cancer in both the third-line and fourth-line settings, suggesting it may be a reasonable treatment approach.
Article
Oncology
Choong-kun Lee, Jii Bum Lee, Se Jung Park, Jingmin Che, Woo Sun Kwon, Hyo Song Kim, Minkyu Jung, Seulkee Lee, Sook Ryun Park, Dong-Hoe Koo, Hyun Woo Lee, Woo Kyun Bae, Hei-Cheul Jeung, In Gyu Hwang, Hyunki Kim, Chung Mo Nam, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sun Young Rha
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab and paclitaxel as second-line therapy for AGC and found that they demonstrated a durable response with manageable toxicity profiles. Genomic analysis and plasma cytokine analysis may help in selecting patients who would benefit more from immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas Bartl, Arina Onoprienko, Gerda Hofstetter, Leonhard Muellauer, Nina Poetsch, Thorsten Fuereder, Paul Kofler, Stephan Polterauer, Christoph Grimm
Summary: Pretherapeutic body mass index (BMI) could be a reliable biomarker for identifying gynecologic malignancy patients with PD-L1-positive and/or MMR-deficient tumors who may benefit significantly from checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hui Yang, Chenfei Zhou, Fei Yuan, Liting Guo, Liu Yang, Yan Shi, Jun Zhang
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors provide clinical benefits for advanced cancer patients, but can also cause severe immune-related adverse events. Early detection and treatment of irAEs are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wanting Hou, Yaqin Zhao, Hong Zhu
Summary: Gastric cancer treatment is challenging, but immunotherapy has brought hope to patients. Identifying suitable candidates for treatment and predictive biomarkers is crucial. Multi-omics technologies offer promising platforms for discovering new biomarkers and improving patient selection and treatment outcomes in gastric cancer immunotherapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ming-Wei Kao, Yao-Hung Kuo, Kun-Chou Hsieh, Ching-Tai Lee, Shih-Chi Wu, Wen-Chi Yang
Summary: For patients with unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), combination therapy of nivolumab and chemotherapy demonstrates a better overall response rate and longer overall survival compared to chemotherapy alone or with radiotherapy. The expression of PD-L1 in esophageal cancer is associated with poor prognosis. Nivolumab with chemotherapy provides a more effective treatment option with fewer adverse effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Xue-lin Zou, Xiao-bo Li, Hua Ke, Guang-yan Zhang, Qing Tang, Jiao Yuan, Chen-jiao Zhou, Ji-liang Zhang, Rui Zhang, Wei-yong Chen
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown great potential in tumor treatment, with neoantigen load (NAL) being studied as a promising biomarker for predicting treatment efficacy, especially in melanoma, lung cancer, and gynecological tumors. While combining NAL with other indicators can improve prediction efficiency, further research is needed for its use in urinary system and liver tumors. Improved sequencing platforms and technologies are essential for maximizing the predictive power of NAL.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yukiya Narita, Kei Muro
Summary: Gastric cancer treatments are rapidly evolving, with immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 showing long-term efficacy in some patients and currently being the first-line therapy. Approved immunotherapies for untreated gastric cancer patients include monotherapy and chemotherapy-immunotherapy combinations. Clinical trials have indicated the importance of PD-L1 expression in regimen selection, although other biomarkers, clinicopathologic factors, and patient preference might also be relevant. Novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies are currently being assessed, potentially refining the current treatment paradigm. This review describes current treatment regimens for gastric cancer patients and details our approach to selecting first-line immunotherapy regimens.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kai Liu, Shiman Yuan, Chenyu Wang, Hong Zhu
Summary: Gastric cancer (GC) is a common gastrointestinal malignancy with high mortality. New immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the treatment of GC patients, but only a small number of patients have a durable response to ICI treatment. Understanding the resistance mechanism is critical to improve the treatment and clinical benefit of GC.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Henry Hiep Vo, Carrie Cartwright, I-Wen Song, Daniel D. Karp, Graciela M. Nogueras Gonzalez, Yuran Xie, Michael Karol, Matthew Hitron, David Vining, Apostolia-Maria Tsimberidou
Summary: This study investigated the combination of BBI608 with immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced cancer. The results showed that the treatment was well tolerated and several patients had prolonged disease stabilization and overall survival.
Article
Oncology
Toru Kadono, Satoru Iwasa, Kengo Nagashima, Kotoe Oshima, Shun Yamamoto, Hidekazu Hirano, Natsuko Okita, Hirokazu Shoji, Yoshitaka Honma, Atsuo Takashima, Ken Kato, Toshikazu Ushijima, Narikazu Boku
Summary: The clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) against gastric cancer varies depending on the metastatic site and progression pattern. This retrospective study investigated the response to nivolumab and clinical outcomes based on metastatic site and progression pattern in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
Review
Oncology
C. Roecken
Summary: This review summarizes the advancements in tissue-based diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer, including different types of gastric cancer and their associated molecular changes. The importance of adequate tissue sampling and the risk of sampling error in gastric cancer biomarker research are also highlighted.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Fei Zhou, Meng Qiao, Caicun Zhou
Summary: The significant progress in immune checkpoint blockade has transformed the treatment paradigm for lung cancer patients, necessitating the exploration of additional predictive biomarkers for personalized immunotherapy. Managing acquired resistance to ICI treatment remains a formidable challenge, and a deeper understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms is crucial for overcoming these obstacles.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)