Article
Thermodynamics
Kenan Saka, Mehmet Fatih Orhan
Summary: The efficiency of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell was investigated in this study. The results showed that optimizing the operating parameters can significantly increase the overall stack efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
J. O. Leader, Y. Yue, M. R. Walluk, T. A. Trabold
Summary: High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEM) have advantages such as improved fuel impurity tolerance and increased electrode kinetics. This study investigated the voltage degradation of HT-PEM fuel cells operating at 200 degrees C under continuous load conditions and during start-stop cycling. The results showed relatively high degradation rates, but with decreasing average degradation rates over cycles.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ankit Kumar, Hsiao-Chun Su, Yong-Song Chen, Amornchai Arpornwichanop
Summary: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells utilize a proton conductive membrane to transport hydrogen protons, with the membrane's conductivity affected by water content. This study investigates the use of zeolite in the anode catalyst layer and explores the impact of various factors on the performance of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Results show that MEA with specific configurations exhibit optimal performance under certain operating conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yijing Xing, Lei Liu, Zhiyong Fu, Yifan Li, Haibin Li
Summary: The study prepared membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) that can work stably at elevated temperatures and investigated the effects of CeO2 doping on MEA performance. The CeO2-doped MEA showed optimal performance at low humidity and high temperature, and CeO2 effectively enhanced the durability of the MEA.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yanbo Yang, Tiancai Ma, Boyu Du, Weikang Lin, Naiyuan Yao
Summary: The optimization of operating conditions for constant voltage cold start is crucial in improving the cold start property of fuel cells. Experimental results show that different cold start voltage, back-pressure, and inlet flow rate have significant impacts on the cold start performance of fuel cells, and optimizing the operating conditions can achieve the optimized constant voltage cold start conditions.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhiguang Hua, Zhixue Zheng, Elodie Pahon, Marie-Cecile Pera, Fei Gao
Summary: Data-driven prognostic methods are important for estimating the remaining useful life (RUL) of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system. Current RUL prediction methods have weaknesses in terms of lack of dynamic health indicator (HI) and low prediction accuracy, especially under variable load profiles. To overcome these weaknesses, a novel dynamic HI of relative power-loss rate (RPLR) and the DWT-EESN approach are proposed to enhance the prediction performance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Youngtak Cho, Gyuyeong Hwang, Dela Quarme Gbadago, Sungwon Hwang
Summary: In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed and integrated with model predictive control (MPC) to provide optimal conditions for operating the PEMFC system. The developed NNMPC yielded improved system power by maintaining the optimal stack temperature, cathode pressure and membrane hydration for current changes at a low computational cost. The optimized power of the PEMFC system showed an average increase of 10.9% compared to the fixed-setpoint condition.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jaebong Sim, Minsoo Kang, Jiwoong Kim, Kyoungdoug Min
Summary: Research on removing and miniaturizing balance of plants to increase power density per unit volume in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is crucial. This study systematically investigates the effects of various experimental variables on the performance of open-cathode PEMFCs and proposes improvements.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fei Jia, Xiaodi Tian, Fengfeng Liu, Junjie Ye, Chengpeng Yang
Summary: Oxidant starvation in proton exchange membrane fuel cells can have negative effects on dynamic performance and durability. The study investigates the transfer and distribution of reactants and water under oxidant starvation by measuring current densities, temperatures, and cell voltage in situ. The effects of cathode humidity, cell temperature, and operating modes on the behavior of the cell under oxidant starvation are analyzed. The experimental results show non-uniform current fluctuation distribution and hydrogen pumping in the downstream under an air stoichiometry of 0.8.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaohui Lu, Bing Li, Lin Guo, Peifang Wang, Nasser Yousefi
Summary: This paper presents an exergy analysis of a power generation system based on high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells, which includes a complex mathematical model and parameter analysis to optimize the system for improved efficiency and performance. The proposed optimization algorithm, Farmland Fertility Optimization (FFO), outperforms other compared algorithms in terms of irreversibility, exergy efficiency, and work.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinning Zhu, Liang Su, Xi Wang, Rui Chen, Dongsheng Ji, Yao Ma, Linjing Wu, Jianbo Zhang, Wei Zhou
Summary: The performance uniformity of the PEMFC stack is greatly influenced by operating conditions such as stoichiometric ratio, back pressure, dew point temperature, and heating temperature. The content of liquid-saturated water and the uniformity of oxygen distribution at the CL/GDL interface of the fuel cell play a key role in determining the performance uniformity. Decreasing water content and increasing oxygen distribution uniformity can improve output performance stability, while increasing oxygen content can enhance the stack's output performance. The best performance uniformity is achieved at a stoichiometric ratio of 2.0, back pressure of 3.0 bar, dew point temperature of 343 K, and heating temperature of 348 K.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Seyed Hesam Mirfarsi, Mohammad Javad Parnian, Soosan Rowshanzamir, Erik Kjeang
Summary: Due to the demand for reliable and economical fuel cells, researchers have focused on improving the durability of hydrocarbon-based proton exchange membranes (PEMs) without compromising performance. Cross-linking and blending techniques show promising potential in creating a 3D network within the membrane structure, resulting in improved long-term stability and durability. These membranes have demonstrated over 4000 hours of durability in hydrogen fuel cells and significantly lower methanol crossover compared to conventional fluorinated membranes, indicating their potential for commercialization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
Wei Yan, Shang Li, Kuangwei Cheng, Pengtao Huang, Mike Szesny, Ulrich Misz, Wei Guo, Minhua Shao, Mu Pan
Summary: In this paper, a long-term durability test was conducted on a low Pt-loading fuel cell stack, and the performance of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) before and after the test was analyzed. The degradation of MEA performance was mainly caused by the agglomeration and loss of Pt nanoparticles in the cathode catalyst.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
J. M. Desantes, R. Novella, B. Pla, M. Lopez-Juarez
Summary: This study integrates durability and performance prediction in the sizing process of the FC stack of a fuel cell range-extender (FCREx) vehicle along with the design of a dynamics-limited control strategy. A novel degradation modeling framework is proposed to predict FC stack degradation rate. Results show that increasing FC stack power decreases H-2 consumption but increases durability, while increasing dynamic limitations on the control strategy increases both H-2 consumption and durability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ran Pang, Caizhi Zhang, Haifeng Dai, Yunfeng Bai, Dong Hao, Jinrui Chen, Bin Zhang
Summary: This study focuses on recognizing the health state of proton exchange membrane fuel cells by considering operating parameters, with the aim of improving the efficiency of health management in fuel cell vehicles. By using a combination of non-parametric statistics, unsupervised learning, and feature selection methods, the study successfully identifies key features leading to better health recognition and achieves a high accuracy rate of 95.04% using the random forest algorithm. Additionally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through dynamic loading experiments under various operating conditions.
