Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hairuo Dang, Ana Martin-Villalba, Elmar Schiebel
Summary: This study reveals the importance of centrosome cohesion in sperm production, stem cell maintenance, and fertility. Disruption of centrosome cohesion in these mice prevents the formation of sperm and leads to asymmetric cell division and premature stem cell differentiation, ultimately resulting in infertility.
Article
Cell Biology
Minjin Kang, Jung Ah Kim, Mee Hyun Song, Sun Young Joo, Se Jin Kim, Seung Hyun Jang, Ho Lee, Je Kyung Seong, Jae Young Choi, Heon Yung Gee, Jinsei Jung
Summary: In this study, a novel nonsense homozygous variant in CEP250 was identified among family members with progressive moderate sensorineural hearing loss. This variant resulted in centrosome localization deficit and hair cell degeneration in the cochlea, leading to the progression of hearing loss in humans and mice.
Article
Biology
Fangrui Chen, Jingchao Wu, Malina K. Iwanski, Daphne Jurriens, Arianna Sandron, Milena Pasolli, Gianmarco Puma, Jannes Z. Kromhout, Chao Yang, Wilco Nijenhuis, Lukas C. Kapitein, Florian Berger, Anna Akhmanova
Summary: This study reveals the self-assembly properties of interphase PCM in animal cells and its sensitivity to motor- and microtubule-based rearrangement.
Article
Cell Biology
David P. Ignacio, Natalia Kravtsova, John Henry, Roberto Hernandez Palomares, Adriana T. Dawes
Summary: This article investigates the mechanism and regulation of centrosome positioning, as well as the role of two related proteins in early embryonic development. By using RNAi knockdown, it is found that the loss of these proteins leads to movement defects associated with centrosome positioning.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muneera S. M. Al-Saleem, Hany W. Darwish, Ibrahim A. Naguib, Mohammed E. Draz
Summary: The classical least squares model and three augmented least squares models were used to analyze a quinary mixture with two related impurities. The augmented models showed satisfactory results for quantifying the three active constituents.
Article
Cell Biology
Chiara Cassioli, Anna Onnis, Francesca Finetti, Nagaja Capitani, Jlenia Brunetti, Ewoud B. Compeer, Veronika Niederlova, Ondrej Stepanek, Michael L. Dustin, Cosima T. Baldari
Summary: The BBS1 protein plays a crucial role in the assembly of the T cell synapse by promoting centrosome polarization towards the immune synapse. This process is dependent on proteasomal clearance and the transport of the proteasome regulatory subunit to the centrosome by dynein.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Longcan Cheng, Jingchen Li, Houbo Sun, Hongyuan Jiang
Summary: Multipolar spindles are more common in tumors than in normal tissues, possibly due to the mechanical confinements caused by overcrowding microenvironments in tumors. However, the difference between mechanical confinements in normal tissues and tumor tissues and their effects on multipolarity and chromosome segregation are poorly understood. In this study, the researchers use microchannels to mimic different forms of mechanical constraints within tissue architecture and found that the form of three-dimensional mechanical confinement determines the occurrence of multipolar spindles. Further investigations show that mechanical confinement controls cell shape and pole-cortex interactions, which affect the energy barriers and probability of multipolar mitosis. These findings highlight the importance of extracellular microenvironments and tissue architecture in regulating cellular behaviors and suggest potential targets for cancer therapies.
Article
Cell Biology
Helder Rocha, Patricia A. Simoes, Jacqueline Budrewicz, Pablo Lara-Gonzalez, Ana Xavier Carvalho, Julien Dumont, Arshad Desai, Reto Gassmann
Summary: This study demonstrates that PP4 protein phosphatase is a crucial factor for robust assembly of the microtubule-coupling outer kinetochore prior to nuclear envelope breakdown in mitotic cells. Absence of PP4 leads to extended monopolar orientation of chromosomes after nuclear envelope breakdown and subsequent mis-segregation. Defective sister chromatid resolution is also observed due to diminished outer kinetochore assembly.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Theile, Xue Li, Hairuo Dang, Dorothee Mersch, Simon Anders, Elmar Schiebel
Summary: The centrosome linker plays a crucial role in connecting the interphase centrosomes of a cell into one microtubule organizing center. The diversity of linker components in different cell types and their function in cells with supernumerary centrosomes have not been fully explored. This study identified Ninein as a component of the centrosome linker anchored by C-Nap1, providing linker function in RPE1 cells while Ninein and Rootletin link centrosomes together in HCT116 and U2OS cells. The loss of C-Nap1 in cells with centrosome overamplification leads to prolonged metaphase, mitotic defects, and an enhanced functional interplay between C-Nap1 and centrosome clustering.
Article
Cell Biology
Adi Y. Berman, Michal Wieczorek, Amol Aher, Paul Dominic B. Olinares, Brian T. Chait, Tarun M. Kapoor
Summary: Berman et al. investigate the capping activity of the gamma-TuRC and its regulation of microtubule dynamics and formation during cell division. They demonstrate that the gamma-TuRC's capping activity is nucleotide-binding independent and plays a role in non-centrosomal microtubule organization.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tonghao Miao, Huaxu Bao, Hui Ling, Pengwei Li, Yiling Zhang, Yan He, Xufan Hu, Chengcheng Ling, Yunyan Liu, Wei Tang, Yajing Liu, Songhu Wang
Summary: In this study, researchers found that the expression of the AlNAP1 gene, which plays a role in trichome development in kiwifruit, is suppressed in the species with short and distorted trichomes. They also discovered the presence of short transcripts lacking multiple exons in addition to the full-length transcript of AlNAP1. The alternative splicing of AlNAP1 further reduces the level of functional transcripts. These findings suggest that AlNAP1 mediates trichome development in kiwifruit and could be a candidate target for genetic modification of trichome length.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Anna Plym, Yiwen Zhang, Konrad H. Stopsack, Yon Ho Jee, Fredrik Wiklund, Adam S. Kibel, Peter Kraft, Edward Giovannucci, Kathryn L. Penney, Lorelei A. Mucci
Summary: Family history and inherited polygenic risk assessment can help identify men at higher risk of developing and dying from prostate cancer.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qishi Si, Wanqian Guo, Huazhe Wang, Banghai Liu, Qi Zhao, Haichao Luo, Nanqi Ren
Summary: This study confirmed the feasibility of bio-CQDs/BiOCl preparation as a photocatalyst to remove and detoxify BPA under visible light. CQDs play a key role in the BPA degradation process, effectively improving the efficiency of charge separation and injection. Possible BPA degradation pathways were proposed, and ecotoxicity evaluation of intermediates was conducted, showing a decrease in toxicity for most of the intermediates.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert Mahen
Summary: This study uncovers a mechanism of centrosome cohesion by cNap1 at the proximal centriole, where cNap1 forms dynamic contacts and physically links proximal centrioles on the nanoscale. These findings suggest the importance of cNap1 in maintaining centrosome cohesion and illustrate how a non-membrane-bound organelle forms organelle contact sites.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hairuo Dang, Elmar Schiebel
Summary: This article reviews the functions of the centrosome linker and discusses how centrosome cohesion defects can lead to diseases.
