Smartphone use as a possible risk factor for myopia

The association between digital screen time and myopia: A systematic review

(2020) Carla Lanca et al.   OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS

The impact of computer use on myopia development in childhood: The Generation R study

(2020) Clair A. Enthoven et al.   PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

Associations Between Screen Exposure in Early Life and Myopia amongst Chinese Preschoolers

(2020) Gui-You Yang et al.   International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Effects of screentime on the health and well-being of children and adolescents: a systematic review of reviews

(2019) Neza Stiglic et al.   BMJ Open

Do smartphone usage scales predict behavior?

(2019) David A. Ellis et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES

Electronic devices and myopic refraction among children aged 6‐14 years in urban areas of Tianjin, China

(2019) Shengxin Liu et al.   OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS

Impact of various types of near work and time spent outdoors at different times of day on visual acuity and refractive error among Chinese school-going children

(2019) Hongyu Guan et al.   PLoS One

Circadian rhythms, refractive development, and myopia

(2018) Ranjay Chakraborty et al.   OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS

Public Health Burden and Potential Interventions for Myopia

(2018) Bobeck S. Modjtahedi et al.   OPHTHALMOLOGY

The Associations between Near Visual Activity and Incident Myopia in Children

(2018) Po-Wen Ku et al.   OPHTHALMOLOGY

The epidemics of myopia: Aetiology and prevention

(2018) Ian G. Morgan et al.   PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH

Education and myopia: assessing the direction of causality by mendelian randomisation

(2018) Edward Mountjoy et al.   BMJ-British Medical Journal

Education and myopia: assessing the direction of causality by mendelian randomisation

(2018) Edward Mountjoy et al.   BMJ-British Medical Journal

From reading books to increased smart device screen time

(2018) Mohamed Dirani et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

Comparing the Self-Report and Measured Smartphone Usage of College Students: A Pilot Study

(2017) Heyoung Lee et al.   Psychiatry Investigation

Global variations and time trends in the prevalence of childhood myopia, a systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis: implications for aetiology and early prevention

(2016) Alicja R Rudnicka et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

Viewing distance and eyestrain symptoms with prolonged viewing of smartphones

(2016) Jennifer Long et al.   Clinical and Experimental Optometry

Global Prevalence of Myopia and High Myopia and Temporal Trends from 2000 through 2050

(2016) Brien A. Holden et al.   OPHTHALMOLOGY

Decreased sleep quality in high myopia children

(2016) Masahiko Ayaki et al.   Scientific Reports

Accuracy and Utility of Self-report of Refractive Error

(2016) Phillippa M. Cumberland et al.   JAMA Ophthalmology

Six Year Refractive Change among White Children and Young Adults: Evidence for Significant Increase in Myopia among White UK Children

(2016) Sara J. McCullough et al.   PLoS One

The impact of computer use in myopia progression: A cohort study in Spain

(2015) Alejandro Fernández-Montero et al.   PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

Prediction of Juvenile-Onset Myopia

(2015) Karla Zadnik et al.   JAMA Ophthalmology

Prevalence of Myopia and Its Risk Factors in Urban School Children in Delhi: The North India Myopia Study (NIM Study)

(2015) Rohit Saxena et al.   PLoS One

The Association between Near Work Activities and Myopia in Children—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

(2015) Hsiu-Mei Huang et al.   PLoS One

The progression of myopia from its onset at age 8-12 to adulthood and the influence of heredity and external factors on myopic progression. A 23-year follow-up study

(2014) Olavi Pärssinen et al.   ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA

Time outdoors and the prevention of myopia

(2013) Amanda N. French et al.   EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH

The complex interactions of retinal, optical and environmental factors in myopia aetiology

(2012) D.I. Flitcroft   PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH

Relative peripheral hyperopic defocus alters central refractive development in infant monkeys

(2009) Earl L. Smith et al.   VISION RESEARCH