Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Schwarz, Alina Loeser, Qing Cheng, Mareike Wichmann-Costaganna, Patrick Schaedel, Oliver Werz, Elias S. J. Arner, Anna P. Kipp
Summary: In humans, there are eight glutathione peroxidases (GPXs), and five of them are selenoproteins that play a crucial role in cellular redox homeostasis. Among the three main cytosolic GPXs, GPX1 and GPX2 reduce soluble hydroperoxides, while GPX4 reduces complex lipid hydroperoxides. The experiments show that GPX1 has the highest activity in reducing soluble and fatty-acid derived hydroperoxides among these isoforms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qin Wang, Shuo Zhan, Yiqun Liu, Feng Han, Lili Shi, Chao Han, Weipeng Mu, Jizhong Cheng, Zhen-wu Huang
Summary: Selenium deficiency in rats had negative effects on growth and sperm quality, with reduced sperm motility and increased deformities. The expression levels of selenoproteins, particularly GPx4 and SEPP1, were significantly lower in the deficient group, suggesting a potential mechanism for the observed effects on sperm quality.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica L. Nicholson, Pamela Toh, Naghum Alfulaij, Marla J. Berry, Daniel J. Torres
Summary: It has been 50 years since the discovery of the first selenoprotein, and our understanding of the importance of selenium has greatly increased. We now know that the brain relies on selenium for proper functioning, and a lack of certain selenoproteins can lead to neurodegeneration. Additionally, selenoprotein-mediated redox balance has been found to affect neuronal activity.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefanie Raschke, Franziska Ebert, Anna Patricia Kipp, Johannes Florian Kopp, Tanja Schwerdtle
Summary: Copper negatively affects selenium levels in brain cells and selenium can partially protect against copper-induced cell damage and neurodegeneration.
JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Gunel Talibova, Zeynep Ozturk, Mesut Parlak, Alphan Kupesiz
Summary: This study measured SEPP concentrations in thalassemia patients for the first time, showing higher levels in TM patients compared to controls. Correlations between thyroid hormones and selenoproteins suggest that selenium may be necessary for thyroid function.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qing Cheng, Antonella Roveri, Giorgio Cozza, Luciana Bordin, Isabelle Rohn, Tanja Schwerdtle, Anna Kipp, Fulvio Ursini, Matilde Maiorino, Giovanni Miotto, Elias S. J. Arner
Summary: This study discusses a new method for producing mammalian selenoproteins in E. coli, including GPX1, GPX2, and GPX4. Through various experiments and analyses, it reveals the characteristics of selenoproteins and a unique phenomenon of codon skipping in recombinant proteins.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhenlin Fan, Qi Yan, Jian Song, Jingyan Wei
Summary: This study successfully expressed the mature form of human GPx3 and found that mutations can affect its secondary structure and tetramer formation, thereby influencing its catalytic activity. This provides an important foundation for further studies on the catalytic mechanism and function of hGPx3.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Lily Jaiswal, Mulumebet Worku
Summary: Cow's milk contains potential allergens in the form of proteins, making some infants, children, and adults allergic to cow's milk. Strict exclusion of milk and other dairy products puts children with cow's milk allergy at higher nutritional risk.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiao Luo, Liqin Su, Xiaohong He, Yegang Du, Ning Xu, Rangpeng Wu, Yunfeng Zhu, Ting Wang, Ranqi Shao, Frederick W. Unverzagt, Ann M. Hake, Yinlong Jin, Sujuan Gao
Summary: This study found that higher blood selenium levels are associated with lower serum A beta 42 and A beta 40 levels, as well as a higher A beta 42/A beta 40 ratio. These results are specific to different selenoproteins.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu-Hui Fang, Yan-Mei Zhang, Shi-Yang Yue, Jing-Jing Peng, Chen-Xing Liu, Cheng-Hua Wang
Summary: This study successfully incorporated selenocysteine (Sec) into the cysteine peroxidase (Cys-GPx) from Lactococcus lactis, resulting in improved enzyme activity and stability for industrial applications.
MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Janaina L. S. Donadio, Graziela B. S. Duarte, Patrick Borel, Silvia M. F. Cozzolino, Marcelo M. Rogero
Summary: Selenium is an essential micronutrient for human biology, functioning through selenoproteins and the amino acid selenocysteine; the nutritional status of selenium is influenced by various factors such as diet, age, gender, smoking status, alcohol consumption, health condition, and genetic characteristics.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Grzegorz Grodkowski, Marcin Golebiewski, Jan Slosarz, Kinga Grodkowska, Piotr Kostusiak, Tomasz Sakowski, Kamila Puppel
Summary: Consumers are increasingly choosing organic farming products because they believe that organic farms do not use pesticides or antibiotics and that animals are provided with the best living conditions. This review discusses the comparison between organic and conventional dairy cattle housing systems in terms of welfare assessment, breed selection, and product quality. It has been shown that cows kept in organic systems usually have better welfare compared to conventional breeding, but conventional farms can also provide better animal welfare through the use of pasture grazing. The taste of milk is affected by pasture feeding, but this depends on consumer preference.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Z. W. Teng, G. Q. Yang, L. F. Wang, T. Fu, H. X. Lian, Y. Sun, L. Q. Han, L. Y. Zhang, T. Y. Gao
Summary: The study revealed significant differences in composition between night milk and day milk, including small molecules, metabolites, lipids, hormones, and cytokines. Night milk showed higher levels of melatonin and some lipids, while day milk had higher concentrations of certain metabolites.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ryosuke Masuda, Satoru Kuwano, Kei Goto
Summary: This study reports the first synthesis of a Sec-SeNO using a selenocysteine model system with a protective molecular cradle. The Sec-SeNO was characterized using various techniques and found to be stable at room temperature. The findings provide a chemical basis for understanding the reaction mechanism of SeNO species in biological functions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Bruno Stefanon, Michela Cintio, Sandy Sgorlon, Elisa Scarsella, Danilo Licastro, Alfonso Zecconi, Monica Colitti
Summary: This study investigated the microRNA (miRNA) cargos of exosomes isolated from milk in relation to the healthy conditions of the mammary gland. Differential expression analysis identified differentially expressed miRNAs in the comparisons between healthy cows, cows at risk of mastitis, and cows with subclinical mastitis. The analysis of miRNA cargos in milk exosomes can be considered as a promising approach to study the complex molecular machinery set in motion in response to mastitis in dairy cows.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. Han, F. Batistel, Y. Ma, A. S. M. Alharthi, C. Parys, J. J. Loor
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. Q. Han, Z. Zhou, Y. Ma, F. Batistel, J. S. Osorio, J. J. Loor
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. Q. Han, T. Y. Gao, G. Y. Yang, J. J. Loor
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Z. Y. Xing, M. L. Zhang, Y. Y. Wang, G. Y. Yang, L. Q. Han, J. J. Loor
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liqiang Han, Kun Pang, Xiu Ling Li, Juan J. Loor, Guo Yu Yang, Tengyun Gao
PROSTAGLANDINS & OTHER LIPID MEDIATORS
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Liqiang Han, Menglu Zhang, Zhiyang Xing, Danielle N. Coleman, Yusheng Liang, Juan J. Loor, Guoyu Yang
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Menglu Zhang, Zhiyang Xing, Qixue Huang, Liqiang Han
Summary: This study found that supplementation of dairy cows with conjugated linoleic acid during milk fat depression can lead to reduced milk protein and fat content, as well as decreased milk fat globule size and increased specific surface area.
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Qi Xue Huang, Jingna Yang, Mingyue Hu, Wenyan Lu, Kai Zhong, Yueying Wang, Guoyu Yang, Juan J. Loor, Liqiang Han
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the profile of MFGM proteins during MFD induced by CLA. The results provide evidence for an important role of MFGM proteins in regulating MFG diameter, and they facilitate a mechanistic understanding of diet-induced MFD.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Menglu Zhang, Tong Fu, Qixue Huang, Zhiyang Xing, Jingna Yang, Wenyan Lu, Mingyue Hu, Li Qiang Han, Juan J. Loor, Teng Yun Gao
Summary: This study investigated the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on milk fat globules (MFGs) in dairy cows. Results showed that CLA reduced milk fat content and size parameters of MFG, while also influencing the concentration of glycerophospholipids.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liqiang Han, Qixue Huang, JingNa Yang, Wenyan Lu, Mingyue Hu, Yanbin Yang, Heshui Zhu, Kun Pang, Guoyu Yang
Summary: Milk fat in mammary epithelial cells is synthesized and secreted as lipid droplets in the form of milk fat globules (MFGs) covered by a lipid-protein membrane called the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM). This study investigated the effects of MFGM proteins from control and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)-treated milk on lipid droplet formation in MAC-T cells. Results showed that CLA reduced milk fat content and MFG size parameters, while increasing the specific surface area (SSA). Proteomic analysis identified differentially expressed proteins in the CLA group, and CLA-MFGM proteins promoted lipid droplet fusion and influenced droplet size distribution in MAC-T cells.