Journal
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
Volume 477, Issue 9, Pages 1651-1668Publisher
PORTLAND PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20190664
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Funding
- Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellowship in Clinical Science [210753/Z/18/Z]
- Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's disease research
- Medical Research Council
- EMBO Young Investigator Programme Award
- Parkinson's UK PhD studentship
- German Research Foundation (DFG), collaborative research center [SFB1035]
- Wellcome Trust [210753/Z/18/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
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Loss of function mutations in the PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) kinase are causal for autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease (PD) whilst gain of function mutations in the LRRK2 kinase cause autosomal dominant PD. PINK1 indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of a subset of Rab GTPases at a conserved Serine111 (Ser111) residue within the SF3 motif. Using genetic code expansion technologies, we have produced stoichiometric Ser111-phosphorylated Rab8A revealing impaired interactions with its cognate guanine nucleotide exchange factor and GTPase activating protein. In a screen for Rab8A kinases we identify TAK1 and MST3 kinases that can efficiently phosphorylate the Switch II residue Threonine72 (Thr72) in a similar manner as LRRK2 in vitro. Strikingly, we demonstrate that Ser111 phosphorylation negatively regulates the ability of LRRK2 but not MST3 or TAK1 to phosphorylate Thr72 of recombinant nucleotide-bound Rab8A in vitro and demonstrate an interplay of PINK1- and LRRK2-mediated phosphorylation of Rab8A in transfected HEK293 cells. Finally, we present the crystal structure of Ser111- phosphorylated Rab8A and nuclear magnetic resonance structure of Ser111-phosphorylated Rab1B. The structures reveal that the phosphorylated SF3 motif does not induce any major changes, but may interfere with effector-Switch II interactions through intramolecular H-bond formation and/or charge effects with Arg79. Overall, we demonstrate antagonistic regulation between PINK1-dependent Ser111 phosphorylation and LRRK2-mediated Thr72 phosphorylation of Rab8A indicating a potential cross-talk between PINK1-regulated mitochondria' homeostasis and LRRK2 signalling that requires further investigation in vivo.
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