Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yan Xia, Yongyun Hu, Yi Huang, Chuanfeng Zhao, Fei Xie, Yikun Yang
Summary: Severe ozone loss and significant surface warming anomalies were observed in the Siberian Arctic in spring 2020. The study suggests that the anomalous surface warming may be related to the ozone loss, as the dispersion of ozone loss in April and May led to an increase in longwave radiation at the surface, contributing to surface warming. Multiple linear regression analysis indicates that ozone loss plays a significant role in surface warming in April, with Arctic Oscillation and ice-albedo feedback playing minor roles, while both ozone loss and ice-albedo feedback contribute to surface warming in May.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shaoyin Wang, Jiping Liu, Xiao Cheng, Dongxia Yang, Tobias Kerzenmacher, Xinqing Li, Yongyun Hu, Peter Braesicke
Summary: The annual minimum Antarctic sea ice extent reached a record low in February 2022, with less than 2 million square kilometers observed. The study found that the deepened Amundsen Sea Low (ASL) in spring 2021 played a crucial role in this record low, contributing about 60% to the sea ice extent reduction. The investigation revealed that the deepened ASL led to accelerated sea ice export, expansion of open water areas, and enhanced solar heating, causing further sea ice melting in summer.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Patrick C. Taylor, Robyn C. Boeke, Linette N. Boisvert, Nicole Feldl, Matthew Henry, Yiyi Huang, Peter L. Langen, Wei Liu, Felix Pithan, Sergio A. Sejas, Ivy Tan
Summary: Arctic amplification (AA) is a coupled atmosphere-sea ice-ocean process, and its mechanisms have been clarified through over a century of research. However, the uncertainty in Arctic climate projections is larger than in any other region, requiring a quantitative process understanding to reduce uncertainty. This paper reviews the history of AA science, summarizes observed Arctic changes, discusses modeling approaches and feedback diagnostics, and provides recommendations to accelerate progress towards reduced uncertainty.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuqi Sun, Yetang Wang, Zhaosheng Zhai, Min Zhou
Summary: The albedo changes in the Antarctic region are closely related to sea ice changes. The summer surface albedo of the entire ice sheet has been decreasing, while the sea ice region has shown an increasing trend. Different regions exhibit different albedo trends, with positive trends in the eastern Antarctica Peninsula and the margins of East Antarctica, and negative trends in the Ross and Ronne ice shelves.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carlos A. Cuevas, Rafael P. Fernandez, Douglas E. Kinnison, Qinyi Li, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Tarek Trabelsi, Joseph S. Francisco, Susan Solomon, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
Summary: This study found that the injection of iodine into the Antarctic stratosphere has a significant impact on the formation and development of the Antarctic ozone hole, especially in spring. The inclusion of iodine can advance the formation of the ozone hole and delay its closure, increasing the area and mass deficit of the hole.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Melinda A. Webster, Stephen G. Warren
Summary: Increasing the albedo of Arctic sea ice by spreading hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) may not achieve the desired outcome and could instead warm the Arctic climate and accelerate sea-ice loss. Manufacturing non-absorbing HGMs and distributing them in May could help cool the climate.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Noh-Hun Seong, Hyun-Cheol Kim, Sungwon Choi, Donghyun Jin, Daeseong Jung, Suyoung Sim, Jongho Woo, Nayeon Kim, Minji Seo, Kyeong-Sang Lee, Kyung-Soo Han
Summary: The rapid warming of the Arctic has led to widespread loss of sea ice. This study found that both surface albedo and skin temperature have significant effects on sea ice radiative forcing (SIRF). The results show that temperature-SIRF is changing more rapidly than albedo-SIRF in the Arctic, indicating that skin temperatures may have a greater impact on sea ice surface changes than albedo.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lei Zheng, Xiao Cheng, Zhuoqi Chen, Qi Liang
Summary: The study examines the relationship between sea ice freeze-up timing and summer sea ice evolution through satellite-based observations, highlighting the impact of Arctic sea ice loss on the delay in autumn freeze-up. It reveals the physical mechanism behind this connection and emphasizes the importance of the ice-albedo feedback in the process.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Matthew T. Jenkins, Aiguo Dai
Summary: In this study, seasonal variations in Arctic climate feedbacks and their relationship to sea-ice loss were investigated using ERA5 reanalysis data. The results showed that spring and summer experienced significant sea-ice loss, strong surface albedo feedback, and large oceanic heat uptake. Arctic clouds had a small net cooling effect in May-June-July but a moderate warming effect during the cold season, particularly in areas with substantial sea-ice loss. Arctic water vapor feedback reached its peak in summer but was weak and unrelated to sea-ice loss. Arctic positive lapse rate feedback (LRF) was strongest in winter over regions with significant sea-ice loss and weak inversion but was uncorrelated with atmospheric stability, indicating that oceanic heating from sea-ice loss led to enhanced surface warming and positive LRF.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Shaoyin Wang, Jiping Liu, Xiao Cheng, Tobias Kerzenmacher, Yongyun Hu, Fengming Hui, Peter Braesicke
Summary: This study examines the impact of stratospheric polar vortex variability on regional Antarctic sea ice, proposing a two-stage mechanism that translates stratospheric signals to sea ice changes. The study highlights the importance of stratosphere-troposphere coupling in influencing Antarctic sea ice variability and seasonal predictability.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
P. A. Reid, R. A. Massom
Summary: Loss of protective sea-ice buffer in Antarctica has led to increased exposure of the coastal environment to open ocean and waves, which has significant effects on ice-shelf stability, coastal erosion, ice-ocean-atmosphere interactions, and shallow benthic ecosystems. Researchers have introduced a climate and environmental metric called Coastal Exposure Length, which measures the daily changes and variability in the length and occurrence of unprotected coastline in Antarctica. The study found that around 50% of Antarctica's 17,850-km coastline had no sea ice offshore each summer, with variations in exposure levels across regions and seasons. From 1979 to 2020, the annual maximum length of coastal exposure decreased by approximately 30 km per year.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yihan Zhang, Yunqi Kong, Song Yang, Xiaoming Hu
Summary: Under the background of global warming, the Arctic region has experienced faster warming than the Antarctic, known as asymmetric Arctic and Antarctic warming. This study finds that a seasonal energy transfer mechanism (SETM) dominates in both polar warmings. The increase in effective heat capacity of the ocean surface layer due to declining sea ice leads to stronger winter warming in the Arctic. However, the background oceanic circulation in the Southern Ocean suppresses SETM, resulting in surface cooling in the Antarctic.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yingli Niu, Fei Xie, Shaohua Wu
Summary: This study investigated the impact of ENSO Modoki on Antarctic stratospheric ozone variability in austral spring using observation and reanalysis data. It found that ENSO Modoki generates planetary wave anomalies in the troposphere, which subsequently affect the polar vortex and interannual variations in Antarctic stratospheric ozone. Analysis also revealed that wave-1 and wave-3 components play a significant role, while wave-2 effects are opposite and offset by waves 1 and 3. Furthermore, the study evaluated the performance of CMIP6 models in simulating the impacts of ENSO Modoki on the southern stratospheric polar vortex and ozone, finding that only two models closely resemble the reanalysis results.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunhe Wang, Xiaojun Yuan, Mark A. Cane
Summary: This study examines the coupled relationships among clouds, atmospheric circulation, and sea ice in Antarctic winter, finding that the wave-3 pattern dominates the leading covariability mode among them. The radiative effect of the clouds related to the wave-3 pattern can generate sea ice anomalies up to 12 cm thick in one month, providing physical evidence for climate model validations.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
L. M. Polvani, A. Banerjee, R. Chemke, E. W. Doddridge, D. Ferreira, A. Gnanadesikan, M. A. Holland, Y. Kostov, J. Marshall, W. J. M. Seviour, S. Solomon, D. W. Waugh
Summary: The expansion of Antarctic sea ice remains a puzzling feature of current climate change. Studies have shown a causal link between the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and sea ice anomalies, but SAM only explains a small fraction of year-to-year variability. Research on multidecadal trends concludes that SAM and the ozone hole are not the primary drivers of recent sea ice expansion around Antarctica.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan Xia, Fei Xie, Xiao Lu
Summary: Surface ozone in the Arctic was significantly enhanced during the 2020-2021 winter after the onset of sudden stratospheric warming (SSW). The enhanced ozone is primarily due to the strengthening of stratosphere-to-troposphere transport associated with SSW. The SSW also leads to positive anomalies in surface ozone in the northern midlatitudes, which are related to cold air outbreaks.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Haotian Zhang, Chuanfeng Zhao, Yan Xia, Yikun Yang
Summary: This study investigates the spatial distribution of ice clouds and liquid-bearing clouds over the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) and their effects on surface radiative forcing. The results show that the spatial and temporal variations in clouds over the GrIS are closely related to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Different regions of the GrIS exhibit different responses of clouds to changes in the atmospheric circulation field during the NAO.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Jian Zhang, Yongyun Hu, Chenguang Zhu, Sascha Flogel, Xiaomin Fang, Jimin Sun
Summary: This study uses the CESM 1.2.2 model to simulate the effects of global cooling and the closure of the Tethyan Seaway on the climates of North Africa and South Asia. The results show that global cooling leads to a decrease in precipitation over both regions, while the closure of the Tethyan Seaway results in a decrease in precipitation over North Africa but an increase over South Asia. The opposite effects are due to increased moisture transport from North Africa to South Asia when the Tethyan Seaway is closed. Furthermore, the study suggests that the narrowing and subsequent closure of the Tethyan Seaway contribute to the formation of the Sahara desert and the strengthening of the South Asian monsoon during the Middle Miocene.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiujuan Bao, Yongyun Hu, Christopher R. Scotese, Xiang Li, Jiaqi Guo, Jiawenjing Lan, Qifan Lin, Shuai Yuan, Mengyu Wei, Zhibo Li, Kai Man, Zihan Yin, Jing Han, Jian Zhang, Qiang Wei, Yonggang Liu, Jun Yang, Ji Nie
Summary: Quantitative relationships between coals and evaporites with temperature and precipitation can be established from geological records and climate simulations. The study reveals that before 250 Ma, coal records indicate a median temperature of 25 degrees C and precipitation of 1300 mm yr(-1). Afterward, coal records appear with temperatures between 0 degrees C and 21 degrees C and precipitation of 900 mm yr(-1). Evaporite records were associated with a median temperature of 27 degrees C and precipitation of 800 mm yr(-1). The most remarkable finding is the constant net precipitation associated with coal and evaporite records across time.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shiyan Zhang, Yongyun Hu, Jun Yang, Xiang Li, Wanying Kang, Jian Zhang, Yonggang Liu, Ji Nie
Summary: The Hadley circulation during the Pangea era is weaker and wider than the present, and this weakening and widening is attributed to increased tropical and subtropical static stability. The poleward shifts of the winter cell's ascending branches are associated with the geographic configuration of the supercontinent Pangea.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiang Li, Yongyun Hu, Jun Yang, Mengyu Wei, Jiaqi Guo, Jiawenjing Lan, Qifan Lin, Shuai Yuan, Jian Zhang, Qiang Wei, Yonggang Liu, Ji Nie, Yan Xia, Shineng Hu
Summary: We simulated climate variations in the past 250 million years using the fully coupled Community Earth System Model. The results showed that greenhouse gases were the major driver in regulating global mean surface temperature variations, contributing up to 12.2 degrees C.
PALEOCEANOGRAPHY AND PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yan Xia, Yongyun Hu, Yi Huang, Jianchun Bian, Chuanfeng Zhao, Jintai Lin, Fei Xie, Chunjiang Zhou
Summary: Heavy summer precipitation over the southern slope of the Tibetan Plateau has significant impacts on water resources and hydrological disasters in South Asia. The trends of this precipitation have shown an increase from 1979 to 1996, followed by a decrease from 1996 to 2022, which are not well understood. This study suggests that stratospheric ozone plays a significant role in the long-term trends of summer precipitation in this region by affecting deep convection and precipitation over the southern slope of the Tibetan Plateau. It is crucial for future water resource management in South Asia to consider the potential reduction in summer precipitation due to ozone recovery.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Geography, Physical
Jimin Sun, Wenjiao Xiao, Brian F. Windley, Yongyun Hu
Summary: This Special Issue consists of sixteen papers that cover the interplay between tectonics and climate in Inner Asia during the Cenozoic Era. These papers provide new insights into Cenozoic tectonism, climate changes, and their possible inter-relationships, improving our understanding of the coupling between lithosphere and surface processes. The articles will be of broad interest to interdisciplinary scholars in geosciences.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhengyang Hou, Yang Li, Liqiang Zhang, Changqing Song, Jintai Lin, Chenghu Zhou, Yuebin Wang, Ying Qu, Xin Yao, Peichao Gao
Summary: During the Indian lockdown in 2020, the reduction in anthropogenic pollutant emissions resulted in a 71.6% decrease in light-absorbing particles (LAPs) on the Himalayas. The contributions of the Indian lockdown-induced emission reduction to the decrease in LAPs were 46.8%, 81.1%, and 110.5% in the western, central, and eastern Himalayas, respectively. The reduced LAPs may have led to a 27 Mt reduction in ice and snow melt over the Himalayas in April 2020.
Article
Remote Sensing
Yang Li, Zhengyang Hou, Liqiang Zhang, Ying Qu, Guoqing Zhou, Jintai Lin, Jingwen Li, Ke Huang
Summary: By combining Landsat imagery with deep learning, we have quantified the spatio-temporal changes of wetlands on the Tibetan Plateau from 1990 to 2019. Our findings show that the areal extent of wetlands has increased by 31.2% over the past 30 years, with a particularly noticeable growth of 22.5% during 2015-2019. This rapid expansion is primarily associated with increasing rainfall and temperature, which have varying influences on wetland changes across the plateau.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jun-Wei Xu, Jintai Lin, Gan Luo, Jamiu Adeniran, Hao Kong
Summary: The severe problem of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution in China has been attributed to both domestic and foreign anthropogenic emissions, with the latter playing a significant role through chemical interactions with local pollutants. Reducing foreign emissions would greatly benefit Chinese air quality.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chi Li, Randall V. Martin, Ronald C. Cohen, Liam Bindle, Dandan Zhang, Deepangsu Chatterjee, Hongjian Weng, Jintai Lin
Summary: This study investigated the simulation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) over the eastern United States using the high-performance implementation of the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model (GCHP) at different horizontal grid resolutions. The results showed that increasing the grid size led to a decrease in afternoon surface NOx mixing ratios over the Great Lakes region and an increase over the southern states. It was also observed that nighttime titration of ozone by surface nitric oxide (NO) was more efficient at coarser resolutions, resulting in longer NOx lifetimes and higher surface mixing ratios of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over the Great Lakes region. Additionally, the study found that coarse-resolution simulations generally underestimated surface NO2 over the Great Lakes region and overestimated it over the southern states in summer.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jian Zhang, Sascha Floegel, Yongyun Hu, Anni Zhao, Runjian Chu, Chenguang Zhu, Chengshan Wang
Summary: The East Asian coastal mountains played a significant role in amplifying the influence of orbital forcing and solar insolation on East Asian climate during the Cretaceous period.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yuchen Lian, Xianyu Tan, Yongyun Hu
Summary: Observations show the existence of quasi-quadrennial oscillation (QQO) in Jupiter's equatorial stratosphere, which is caused by the downward propagation of alternating jets. A 3D general circulation model simulation suggests that injecting thermal disturbances can generate waves and result in the QQO and multiple jet streams. The evolution of potential vorticity favors the formation and migration of off-equatorial jets, which strengthen the deep equatorial jets and prolong the QQO-like oscillations.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
